Conditionals - Zero - First - Second and Third.pptx

Review all Tenses

1. Conditionals If you focus well, you will learn this in no time! ;)

2. Conditional tenses are used to speculate about: what could happen, what might have happened, what we wish would happen. In English, most sentences using conditionals contain the word if or when . Wh a t are Conditionals?

3. Many conditional forms include verbs in one of the past tenses. "the unreal past" This usage is referred to as because we use a past tense but we are NOT actually referring to something that happened in the past. i f c l ause C ond i t i ona l s a r e m ade up of an and a main "un l ess" clause. In many negative conditional sentences, we use instead of "if" or “when”. Wh a t are Conditionals?

4. ● a r e us e d t o r e f e r t o g e n e r a l tr u t h s . a r e o f t e n ex p r es s e d w i t h " i f " or "when". Types of Conditionals Zero Conditional Ze r o C o n d i t i o n a l s ... a r e us e d w h e n th e t i m e r e f e rr e d t o is now or always and the situation is real and possible .

5. Types of Conditionals Zero Conditional IF CL AU SE MA IN CL AU SE ‘If ’ + s i m pl e pre s e nt S i m pl e pre s e nt If this thing h appe ns th a t th i ng h appe ns If y o u h ea t ice it m e lt s . If it r a ins the g r as s ge ts we t. ● a r e us e d t o r e f e r t o g e n e r a l tr u t h s . a r e o f t e n ex p r es s e d w i t h " i f " or "when". Ze r o C o n d i t i o n a l s ... a r e us e d w h e n th e t i m e r e f e rr e d t o is now or always and the situation is real and possible .

6. Types of Conditionals Zero Conditional IF CL AU SE MA IN CL AU SE ‘If ’ + s i m pl e pre s e nt S i m pl e pre s e nt If this thing h appe ns th a t th i ng h appe ns If y o u h ea t ice it m e lt s . If it r a ins the g r as s ge ts we t. WRITE YOUR OWN SENTENCE! ● a r e us e d t o r e f e r t o g e n e r a l tr u t h s . a r e o f t e n ex p r es s e d w i t h " i f " or "when". Ze r o C o n d i t i o n a l s ... a r e us e d w h e n th e t i m e r e f e rr e d t o is now or always and the situation is real and possible .

7. ● are used to refer to a possible co n d i t i o n an d i t s p r o babl e r e s u l t are expressed with the ‘ if’ clause in the simple present, and the main cl a u s e i n th e si m p l e fu t u r e . Types of Conditionals T y p e 1 ( F i r s t C o n d it io n a l ) Ty p e 1 C o n d i t i o n a l s ... are used to refer to the present or f u t u r e w h e r e th e si t u a t i o n i s r e a l .

8. Types of Conditionals T y p e 1 ( F i r s t C o n d it io n a l ) IF C LA U SE MA IN C L A U SE ‘If’ + simpl e present S im p le future If th i s th i n g happens tha t th i n g w il l h app e n . If y ou do n ’t hurry y ou w il l mis s th e d e ad li n e . If i t ra i n s t oday y ou w il l g e t w e t . ● are used to refer to a possible co n d i t i o n an d i t s p r o babl e r e s u l t are expressed with the ‘ if’ clause in the simple present, and the main cl a u s e i n th e si m p l e fu t u r e . Ty p e 1 C o n d i t i o n a l s ... are used to refer to the present or f u t u r e w h e r e th e si t u a t i o n i s r e a l .

9. Types of Conditionals T y p e 1 ( F i r s t C o n d it io n a l ) IF CL A U S E MA I N C L A U S E ‘If ’ + s i m p l e present S i m p l e f u t u r e If t h i s t h i n g happens th a t th i n g wi l l h a pp e n . If y o u d o n ’t h u rr y y o u w i ll m i s s t h e d ea d li n e. If i t r a i n s t o d a y y o u w i ll g e t wet . WRITE YOUR OWN SENTENCE! are used to refer to the present or f u t u r e w h e r e th e si t u a t i o n i s r e a l . ● are used to refer to a possible co n d i t i o n an d i t s p r o babl e r e s u l t are expressed with the ‘ if’ clause in the simple present, and the main cl a u s e i n th e si m p l e fu t u r e . Ty p e 1 C o n d i t i o n a l s ...

10. ● a r e n o t b a s e d on f a ct . are used to refer to hypothetical conditions and probable results. ● are expressed with the if clause in simple past, and the main clause in th e p r e s e n t c o n d i t i o n a l . Types of Conditionals Type 2 (Second Conditional) Ty p e 2 C o n d i t i o n a l s ... are used to refer to a time that is now or any time , and a situation that i s unr e a l .

11. Types of Conditionals Type 2 (Second Conditional) I F CLAU S E M AI N CLAU S E ‘If ’ + sim p l e pa s t P r esen t con d i t ion al o r p r esent continuous conditional I f t h i s t h i ng happened t hat t h i ng w oul d h app e n O R t hat t h i ng w oul d be h app enin g . I f y o u w ent t o b ed earlier y o u w o u l d n o t b e s o tir ed. I f i t r a i ned y o u w o u l d get w e t . I f I s p ok e It a li an I w o u l d tot a ll y liv e i n It a l y. ● a r e n o t b a s e d on f a ct . are used to refer to hypothetical conditions and probable results. ● are expressed with the if clause in simple past, and the main clause in th e p r e s e n t c o n d i t i o n a l . Ty p e 2 C o n d i t i o n a l s ... are used to refer to a time that is now or any time , and a situation that i s unr e a l .

12. Types of Conditionals Type 2 (Second Conditional) I F CLAU S E M AI N CLAU S E ‘If ’ + sim p l e pa s t P r esen t con d i t ion al o r p r esent continuous conditional I f t h i s t h i ng happened t hat t h i ng w oul d h app e n O R t hat t h i ng w oul d be h app enin g . I f y o u w ent t o b ed earlier y o u w o u l d n o t b e s o tir ed. I f i t r a i ned y o u w o u l d get w e t . I f I s p ok e It a li an I w o u l d tot a ll y liv e i n It a l y. WRITE YOUR OWN SENTENCE! ● a r e n o t b a s e d on f a ct . are used to refer to hypothetical conditions and probable results. ● are expressed with the if clause in simple past, and the main clause in th e p r e s e n t c o n d i t i o n a l . Ty p e 2 C o n d i t i o n a l s ... are used to refer to a time that is now or any time , and a situation that i s unr e a l .

13. ● are stated with basis facts that are the opposite of what is expressed. are used to refer to an unreal past condition and its probable past result. ● are expressed with the if clause in past perfect, and the main clause in perfect co n d i t i o n a l . Types of Conditionals Type 3 (Third Conditional) Ty p e 3 C o n d i t i o n a l s ... are used to refer to a time that is in the past , and a situation that is co n tr a r y to r e a li t y

14. Types of Conditionals Type 3 (Third Conditional) I F CLAU S E M AI N CLAU S E ‘If ’ + pa s t p e r fec t Perfect conditional or perfect continuous conditional I f t h i s t h i ng h ad happened t hat t h i ng w oul d h ave h app ene d O R t hat t h i ng w oul d h ave b ee n happening . I f y o u had st ud ied harder y o u w o u l d ha v e p a ss ed t he e x a m . I f i t had r a i ned y o u w o u l d ha v e g ott en w e t . I f I had acce p t ed t he p romoti o n I w o u l d ha v e b een w orki ng i n It a l y. ● are stated with basis facts that are the opposite of what is expressed. are used to refer to an unreal past condition and its probable past result. ● are expressed with the if clause in past perfect, and the main clause in perfect co n d i t i o n a l . Ty p e 3 C o n d i t i o n a l s ... are used to refer to a time that is in the past , and a situation that is co n tr a r y to r e a li t y

15. Types of Conditionals Type 3 (Third Conditional) IF C LA U S E M A IN C LA U S E ‘If’ + pas t p e r fect Perfect conditional or perfect continuous conditional I f t h is t h i n g ha d happened t h at t h i n g w o ul d ha ve happ e n ed OR t h at t h i n g w o ul d ha ve b een happ e ning . I f y ou h ad studi e d harder y ou w ould h a v e pass e d t h e e xa m . I f it h ad r ai n e d y ou w ould h a v e g ott e n w e t. I f I h ad a cc e pt e d t h e promotion I w ould h a v e b ee n w o rk i n g in I tal y . WRITE YOUR OWN SENTENCE! ● are stated with basis facts that are the opposite of what is expressed. are used to refer to an unreal past condition and its probable past result. ● are expressed with the if clause in past perfect, and the main clause in perfect co n d i t i o n a l . Ty p e 3 C o n d i t i o n a l s ... are used to refer to a time that is in the past , and a situation that is co n tr a r y to r e a li t y

16. N ot e ! Conditionals do NOT always have to begin with the ‘If’ clause. The main clause can also come first: “ I would have fully rested during my term break if I had submitted my projects on time ” In this case there is no need for a comma between the two clauses.

17. The Secret Code of Conditionals!!! Conditional sentence type Usage ‘If’ c la u s e v e rb tense Main clause verb tense Zero G e n e r a l t r u th s S im p l e t e n s e S im p l e p r ese n t T y p e 1 A possible c o n d i t i on an d i t s probable result S im p l e p r ese n t S im p l e fu t u re T y p e 2 A hypothetical c o n d i t i on an d i t s probable result S im p l e p a s t Present c o n d i t i o na l or Present continuous conditional T y p e 3 A n u n r e a l p a s t condition and its p ro b a b l e r esul t i n the past P a s t p e r fec t Perfect c o n d i t i o na l

18. Qu iz! What type of Conditionals are in the following sentences? Con d i t ion al type Usage ‘If ’ cl a us e v e r b t ens e Main clause verb tense Zero Gene r al tr u t hs S im p l e t en s e S im p l e p r e s ent T y pe 1 A p ossi b l e c o nd iti o n and it s probable result S im p l e p r e s ent S im p l e f u t u r e T y pe 2 A hy p ot he ti cal c o nd iti o n and it s p ro b a b l e r e s u lt S im p l e p a s t Pr e s ent c o nd iti o nal o r Pr e s ent c o n ti nu o us conditional T y pe 3 A n un r eal p a s t c o nd iti o n and it s p ro b a b l e r e s u l t i n t he p a s t P a s t p e rf ect P e rf ect c o nd iti o nal 1. If I exercised, I would be less likely to have depression.

19. Qu iz! What type of Conditionals are in the following sentences? Con d i t ion al type Usage ‘If ’ cl a us e v e r b t ens e Main clause verb tense Zero Gene r al tr u t hs S im p l e t en s e S im p l e p r e s ent T y pe 1 A p ossi b l e c o nd iti o n and it s probable result S im p l e p r e s ent S im p l e f u t u r e T y pe 2 A hy p ot he ti cal c o nd iti o n and it s p ro b a b l e r e s u lt S im p l e p a s t Pr e s ent c o nd iti o nal o r Pr e s ent c o n ti nu o us conditional T y pe 3 A n un r eal p a s t c o nd iti o n and it s p ro b a b l e r e s u l t i n t he p a s t P a s t p e rf ect P e rf ect c o nd iti o nal 2. When the temperature reaches zero degrees Celsius, water freezes.

20. Qu iz! What type of Conditionals are in the following sentences? Con d i t ion al type Usage ‘If ’ cl a us e v e r b t ens e Main clause verb tense Zero Gene r al tr u t hs S im p l e t en s e S im p l e p r e s ent T y pe 1 A p ossi b l e c o nd iti o n and it s probable result S im p l e p r e s ent S im p l e f u t u r e T y pe 2 A hy p ot he ti cal c o nd iti o n and it s p ro b a b l e r e s u lt S im p l e p a s t Pr e s ent c o nd iti o nal o r Pr e s ent c o n ti nu o us conditional T y pe 3 A n un r eal p a s t c o nd iti o n and it s p ro b a b l e r e s u l t i n t he p a s t P a s t p e rf ect P e rf ect c o nd iti o nal 3. We might have seen each other at the mall if we had gone there at the same time.

21. Qu iz! What type of Conditionals are in the following sentences? Con d i t ion al type Usage ‘If ’ cl a us e v e r b t ens e Main clause verb tense Zero Gene r al tr u t hs S im p l e t en s e S im p l e p r e s ent T y pe 1 A p ossi b l e c o nd iti o n and it s probable result S im p l e p r e s ent S im p l e f u t u r e T y pe 2 A hy p ot he ti cal c o nd iti o n and it s p ro b a b l e r e s u lt S im p l e p a s t Pr e s ent c o nd iti o nal o r Pr e s ent c o n ti nu o us conditional T y pe 3 A n un r eal p a s t c o nd iti o n and it s p ro b a b l e r e s u l t i n t he p a s t P a s t p e rf ect P e rf ect c o nd iti o nal 4. If you had admitted the truth, you wouldn’t have to make up so many excuses.

22. Qu iz! What type of Conditionals are in the following sentences? Con d i t ion al type Usage ‘If ’ cl a us e v e r b t ens e Main clause verb tense Zero Gene r al tr u t hs S im p l e t en s e S im p l e p r e s ent T y pe 1 A p ossi b l e c o nd iti o n and it s probable result S im p l e p r e s ent S im p l e f u t u r e T y pe 2 A hy p ot he ti cal c o nd iti o n and it s p ro b a b l e r e s u lt S im p l e p a s t Pr e s ent c o nd iti o nal o r Pr e s ent c o n ti nu o us conditional T y pe 3 A n un r eal p a s t c o nd iti o n and it s p ro b a b l e r e s u l t i n t he p a s t P a s t p e rf ect P e rf ect c o nd iti o nal 5. If you keep going outside, you might get infected.

23. Qu iz! Which verb is correct? 6. What would you do if it (rained/ will rain/ would rain) on your wedding day? 7. If she comes, I (will/ would/ would have) call you. 8. When I eat peanut butter, I (would have gotten/ would get/ get) sick. 9. I would have driven you home if they had not (take/ taken/ would take) the car.