conformity-amp-deviance_compress_091740.pdf

this presentation shows the different types of conformity and deviance

1. CONFORMITY
& DEVIANCE

2. NORMS
astandardorpattern,
especiallyofsocial
behavior,thatistypicalor
expectedofagroup.

3. Everyculturehasnormsthat
establishexpectationsabout
whattypesofbehavior
areappropriateforparticular
peopleincertainsocial
situations.

4. CONFORMITY
Isanactof
submittingoneself
tothenormsofthe
society.

5. CONFORMITY
Pressuretobehavein
waysthatareviewed
acceptableorappropriate
byagroupofpeopleina
society.

6. Why do people conform?
TWOMAINREASONS
1.becausetheywanttofitin
withthegroup;
2.becausetheybelievethe
groupisbetterinformedthan
theyare.

8. Following rules

9. Marriage

10. Changing eating habits

11. Following fashion

12. Queues

13. Greetings

14. Attending parties

15. In class

16. Education and career

17. Adopting habits

18. We conform because…
Wedon’twanthassleinlife;
Wejustobeysolifewouldbe
lessstressful;
Webelongtothemajority;
Thereisarewardthatwecan
get.

19. TYPES OF
CONFORMITY

20. 1.NORMATIVE
submit to group
pressuretofitin;afraid
ofbeing rejected;
involvescompliance.

21. 1.NORMATIVE
Peerpressure:
Thisiswhenyouuseothers’
behaviour/commentsasaguide
forhowtofitinandavoid
disapproval.

22. 2. COMPLIANCE
publicly changes
behaviourtofitinwhile
privatelydisagreeing;
conformingtomajority.

23. 3. INFORMATIONAL
whenapersonislacking
knowledge,andlooksfor
groupguidance;socially
comparestheirbehaviour
withthegroup;

24. 4.INTERNALIZATION
occurswhen we
changeourbehavior
becausewewanttobe
likeanotherperson.

25. 5. INGRATIATION
whereapersonconforms
toimpressorgain
favour/acceptancefrom
thegroup;

26. 5. INGRATIATION
similarto Normative
influence,butismotivated
bytheneedforsocial
rewardsthanthethreatof
rejection;

27. 6. IDENTIFICATION
conformtotheexpectationsof
asocialrole;similarto
compliance,butthedoesnot
havetobeachangein
privateopinion.

29. DEVIANCE

30. Whenapersonviolatesa
norm,members of
societyrespondby
recognizingtheactas
deviant.

31. DEVIANCE
Behaviorthatsomepeoplein
societyfindoffensiveand
whichexcites,ifitwere
discovered, disapproval,
punishment,condemnation,
orhostility.

32. DEVIANCE
Deviantbehavioris
outsidethebounds
ofthegroupor
society.

33. Deviance is not simply
behavior. It involves a
moral judgment.

34. SOCIOLOGIST:
-non-conformitywithsocial
norms;
--behaviorthatinsomeway
doesnotmeetwiththe
expectationsofagroup

35. The Nature of Deviance
1.Almostanybehavioror
appearancecanqualifyas
deviantundertheright
circumstances.
2.Conceptionsofwhatisdeviant
mayvaryovertimeandplace.

36. Deviance exists because people
make judgments; it is a product of
society
1.Itexistsonlyinrelationto
culturalnorms
2.Peoplebecomedeviant
whenothersdefinethem
thatway

37. Deviance Is A Complex Concept
Noteveryonewhocommits
adeviantactiscaughtand
noteveryonewhois
punishedcommittedthe
crime.

38. Emile Durkheim
who is considered
as the father of
sociology explains
that deviance is
necessary in
society.

39. Emile Durkheim
Modernsocietiesareprone
to anomie or
normlessness.Sucha
conditionleavesindividuals
sociallyunregulatedand
pronetodeviance.

40. STRAIN THEORY
Accordingtothis
theory, people
deviatefromsocietal
normsbecauseof
theirinabilityto
reach cultural
goals through
legitimatemeans.

41. STRAIN THEORY
ROBERTK.MERTON noted
thatnotallmembersofa
culturewerealwaysgiven
equalopportunitiestoattain
theidealgoalsandasaresult
peopleexperiencedstress.

42. All crime is
deviance…but all
deviance is NOT a
crime.

43. ALCOHOLISM

44. ATTEMPTED SUICIDE

45. ABORTION

46. BEGGARS

47. PROSTITUTION

48. Attacking others with weapon

49. Public display of affection

50. Drug use

51. Talking with full mouth

52. Allcrimesaredeviant,but
somedeviantbehaviourare
not,isnotcriminalbecausethe
normshavenotbeenmade
intolawbyarecognized
politicalauthority.

53. FORMS OF DEVIANCE
Heproposesatheoryof
deviance based on
acceptingorrejecting
goalsandthemeansof
achievingthem.

54. 1. CONFORMITY
Followstheprocessof
pursuingaperson’sgoal
throughtraditionalmeans
likeeducationandhard
work.

55. CULTURAL
GOALS
CULTURAL
NORMS
EXAMPLE
ACCEPTACCEPT
A high school
student
graduates and
goesto
college.

56. 2. RITUALISM
Personrejectsacertain
culturalgoal,butstill
continues to act
conventionallytoprojecta
levelofdignity.

57. 2. RITUALISM
Finditimpossibleto
achievegoalsby
acceptablemeans.

58. Ritualismiscommonamong
peopleofmodestsocial
standingwhohavelittle
opportunitytogainmoreinlife
butfearriskingwhattheyhave
thoughinnovation.

59. Examplesofthesearethelower-
levelofficialswhocompulsively
conformtorulestothepointsof
losingsightoftheiroverall
purpose.Themeansbecome
endsinthemselves.

60. Suchpeoplearedeviant,
althoughtheymaybeviewedas
goodcitizensbecauseoftheir
rigidadherencetotherules.In
Filipino,wecallthem“walang
ambisyon sabuhay,”or
“kuntentonasakanyang
kalagayan”

61. CULTURAL
GOALS
CULTURAL
NORMS
EXAMPLE
REJECTACCEPT
Passingon
apromotion
ratherthan
facefailure.

62. 3. RETREATISM
Theindividualissimilarto
being apathetic.
Acceptance of their
currentsituationisevident
bynotdoinganythingto
changeorimproveit.

63. 3. RETREATISM
Theyresorttosuicide,
drugaddiction,and
chronicalcoholism..

64. CULTURAL
GOALS
CULTURAL
NORMS
EXAMPLE
REJECTREJECT
Drug
addicts,
beggars.

65. 4. INNOVATION
Istheuseofnon-
traditionalway or
approachtoreacha
sociallyacceptablegoal

66. 4. INNOVATION
acceptstheculturalgoalbut
thepositionwithinsociety
preventsadequateaccessto
legitimatemeansforgoals
attainment.

67. 4. INNOVATION
The individual then resorts to
illegitimate means to achieve
culturally approved goals such as
economic success, material
possessions, and social
status.

68. CULTURAL
GOALS
CULTURAL
NORMS
EXAMPLE
REJECTREJECT
Want wealth,
Drug
dealers,
burglars,
theft

69. 5. REBELLION
Anindividualrejectsboth
theculturalgoalandthe
traditionalway of
reachingit.

70. 5. REBELLION
Substitutenewsetof
goalsandmeansof
achievingthegoals.

71. 5. REBELLION
Radicalswhowantto
repairorevendestroythe
currentsysteminorderto
buildanewsocial
structure

72. CULTURAL
GOALS
CULTURAL
NORMS
EXAMPLE
REJECT &
REPLACE
REJECT
&
REPLACE
Members
of a
revolutionary
movement

73. FOUR
FUNCTIONS OF
DEVIANCE

74. 1.“Devianceaffirms
culturalvaluesandnorms.
Therecanbenogood
withoutevilandnojustice
withoutcrime”

75. 2.Responding to
devianceclarifiesmoral
boundaries.Peopledraw
aboundary between
rightandwrong.

76. 3.Respondingtodeviance
bringpeopletogether.
Peopletypicallyreactto
seriousdeviancewith
sharedoutrage.

77. 4.Devianceencourages
socialchange.Deviant
peoplepushasociety’s
moralboundaries.

79. FOUR
FUNCTIONS OF
DEVIANCE

80. 1.Devianceserves
asanoutletfor
diverseformsof
expressions.

81. 2.Devianceserves
todefinethelimits
of acceptable
behavior.

82. 3.Deviancemay
alsopromotein
groupsolidarity

83. 4.Deviance can
serveasanindicator
ofsocialtension

84. SOCIAL
CONTROL

85. SOCIAL CONTROL
systematic practices
developedbysocial
groupstoencourage
conformity and to
discouragedeviance.

86. SOCIAL CONTROL
Thethegovernment,the
courtsandlawenforcement
agenciesarestructuresor
institutionsinsocietythat
maintainspeace&order.

87. JUSTICE SYSTEM
Ensuresthatcriminal
courtsgiveafairandjust
judgementoncases
involvingthataccused.

88. SOCIAL CONTROL
Societyhasdifferent
waysinmakingits
membersconformand
behaveaccordingtoits
normandstandards.

89. Socialcontrolforces
peopletoconformand
thatthosewhooppose
areconsidereddeviants,
rebelsoroppositionists.

90. SUBMISSION
OBEDIENCE
CONFORMITY
ULTIMATE GOAL:

91. BASIC CONTROL
PROCESS:
1)Internalizationofgroupnorms
asaresultofthesocialization
process.Internalizationoccurs
whenindividualsacceptthenorms
andvaluesoftheirgroupand
makeconformitytothesenorms
partoftheirself-concept.

92. BASIC CONTROL
PROCESS:
2)Socialreactionsthroughexternal
pressuresintheformofsanctions
whenevertherearedeviationsfrom
thenorms.Peoplefearthenegative
reactionsfromothersoncenormsare
violatedlikecondemnation,or
beingtheobjectgossip.

93. Social Control
of Deviance

94. SANCTIONS
-athreatenedpenaltyfor
disobeyingalaworrule;
-officialpermissionor
approvalforanaction.

95. INFORMAL SANCTIONS
Informalsocialcontrol
isa self-restraint
exercisebecauseoffear
ofwhatotherswillthink.

96. INFORMAL SANCTIONS
-Unofficial,oftencasual
pressurestoconform;
-involvereward for
conformityorcompliance.

97. INFORMAL SANCTIONS
-smiles,kiss,anaffirmation
-Negativesanctionsorinformal
sanctionsinvolvespenaltiesfornot
conforming.
-Thesemaytaketheformofridicule,
exclusion,rejection,oreven
expulsionfromthegroup.

98. FORMAL SANCTIONS
-Official,institutionalized
incentivestoconformand
penaltiesfordeviance.
-Neededinlargecomplex
societies.

99. FORMAL SANCTIONS
-CriminalJusticesystemis
themostimportantandvisible
institutionofsocialcontrol.-
Thesemaytakeformofarrest,
pre-trial,sentencing or
imprisonment.

100. FORMAL SANCTIONS
Members thenare
expectedtoknow,
obey,andfollowthe
rules.

101. FORMAL SANCTIONS
Failuretoconformmeans
punishment.Thesemay
range from fines,
imprisonment,ordeath
penalty.