Confusion and Diffusion.pptx

Confusion and Diffusion for subject CCS

1. Confusion and Diffusion Dev Patel IU1941090008

2. Confusion Confusion defines making the relationship between the key and the cipher as difficult and as included as possible. In other words, the technique provides that the ciphertext provides no clue about the plaintext. In this regard, the relationship between the data of the cipher text and the value of the encryption has to remain as difficult as applicable. It is completed by spreading out the single plaintext digit over several Ciphertext digits, including when a single bit of the plaintext is changed.

3. In confusion, it should influence the complete cipher text or change should appear on the complete cipher text and the relationship between the data of the ciphertext and the value of the encryption key is made difficult. It is achieved by substitution The main goal of confusion is to create it very complex to find the key even if one has most of the plaintext-ciphertext pairs produced with the similar key and in this regard, each bit of the Ciphertext should be based on the complete key and in several ways on multiple bits of the key, changing one bit of the key must change the Ciphertext completely.

4. Diffusion Diffusion can define to the property that the repetition in the statistics of the plaintext is “dissipated” in the statistics of the Ciphertext.  In diffusion, the output bits should be based on the input bits in a difficult way so that in case one bit of the plaintext is modified, thus the Ciphertext should change completely in an unstable or pseudorandom manner. In diffusion, the statistical mechanism of the plaintext is used up into a high-range data of the ciphertext. This is achieved by having each plaintext digit influence the value of some ciphertext digits. Frequently, this is similar to having each ciphertext digit be influenced by some plaintext digits.

5. Applied to encryption Designing an encryption method uses both of the principles of confusion and diffusion. Confusion means that the process drastically changes data from the input to the output, for example, by translating the data through a non-linear table created from the key. There are many ways to reverse linear calculations, so the more non-linear it is, the more analysis tools it breaks. Diffusion means that changing a single character of the input will change many characters of the output.

6. Done well, every part of the input affects every part of the output, making analysis much harder. No diffusion process is perfect: it always lets through some patterns. Good diffusion scatters those patterns widely through the output, and if there are several patterns making it through they scramble each other. This makes patterns vastly harder to spot, and vastly increases the amount of data to analyze to break the cipher.

7. C omparison between Confusion and Diffusion Confusion Diffusion Confusion protect the relationship between the ciphertext and key. Diffusion protect the relationship between the ciphertext and plaintext. If an individual bit in the key is changed, some bits in the ciphertext will also be modified. If an individual symbol in the plaintext is changed, there are some symbols in the ciphertext will also be changed.

8. In confusion, the connection between the data of the ciphertext and the value of the encryption is made difficult. It is completed by substitution. In diffusion, the numerical mechanism of the plaintext is used up into global statistics of the cipher text. This is achieved by permutation. In confusion, vagueness is enhanced in resultant. While in diffusion, redundancy is enhanced in resultant. The relation among the cipher text and the key is concealed by confusion. The relation among the cipher text and the plain text is concealed by diffusion.

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