CONQUEST, DISEASE AND TRADE class 10.pptx

CONQUEST, DISEASE AND TRADE class 10.pptx

1. CONQUEST, DISEASE AND TRADE KN JANANI BALAPRIYA X-’B’

2. WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY CONQUEST? Conquest refers to the European powers, especially Spain and Portugal, taking control of the Americas through military campaigns and subjugating indigenous populations. Motivated by the pursuit of wealth, particularly gold and silver, and expanding European influence, they established colonies, reshaping the New World's social, economic, and political landscapes.

3. WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY TRADE? Trade refers to the exchange of goods like spices, silk, and precious metals across continents, spurred by European exploration. This boosted European economies, financing further trade with Asia.

4. WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY DISEASES? Diseases like smallpox killed many indigenous people in the Americas, who had no protection against them. This made it easier for Europeans to take control and dominate the region.

5. EUROPEAN EXPLORATION & IMPACT 01 02 03 04 AMERICA’S TRANSFORMATION SPANISH CONQUEST AND DISEASE INTRODUCTION 05 EUROPEAN MIGRATION TO AMERICA 06 SHIFT IN WORLD TRADE

6. 01 . INTRODUCTION

7. In the 1500s, European sailors found sea routes to Asia and America, changing the world si gnificantly. For centuries, the Indian Ocean was a busy trade hub, where goods, people, and ideas flowed freely. WE HAVE LEARNT THIS POINT IN CLASS 9. The Indian subcontinent played a central role in these flows and was a crucial point in their networks. The arrival of Europeans in the 1500s shifted trade towards Europe after they discovered sea routes to Asia and America.

8. 02. EUROPEAN EXPLORATION AND IMPACT

9. . America's Isolation: Before being 'discovered,' America wa s isolated from the rest of the world for millions of years.

10. Global Transformation: But from 16th century, America's vast lands, rich crops, and abundant minerals began to impact global trade and societies.

11. Precious Metals: Silver from Peru and Mexico boosted Europe’s wealth and helped finance trade with Asia.

12. Legends and Expeditions Legends spread in seventeenth-century Europe about South America’s fabled wealth. Many expeditions set off in search of El Dorado, the fabled city of gold.

13. 03. AMERICA’S TRANSFORMATION

14. Conquest Begins: By the mid-1500s, the Portuguese and Spanish were actively conquering and colonizing America.

15. Disease as a Conquest Tool: European conquest wasn’t just due to better weapons; the Spanish's most powerful tool was the germs, like smallpox, they carried.

16. Lack of Immunity in Indigenous Populations: Because of their long isolation, America’s original inhabitants had no immunity against these diseases that came from Europe

17. Devastating Impact: Smallpox spread quickly, killing many before Europeans even arrived. Easier Conquest: The disease weakened resistance, making it easier for Europeans to conquer.

18. 04. SPANISH CONQUEST AND DISEASES

19. Guns vs. Disease: Unlike guns, diseases like smallpox couldn’t be captured or used against invaders. Europeans were mostly immune, while natives were not. Critical Biological Impact: The widespread devastation caused by diseases like smallpox was more decisive than military advantages in the conquest of the Americas.

20. 05. EUROPEAN MIGRATION TO AMERICA

21. Challenges in Europe Widespread Hardships: Until the 1800s, Europe suffered from poverty, hunger, overcrowded cities, and deadly diseases. Religious conflicts and persecution were also common.

22. MIGRATION AND AMERICAN PLANTATIONS Fleeing to America: These harsh conditions drove thousands to leave Europe for America. Plantation Economy: By the 1700s, American plantations, run by African slaves, were producing cotton and sugar for European markets.

23. 06. SHIFT IN WORLD TRADE

24. CHINA AND INDIA’S WEALTH AND INFLUENCE Until the late 1700s, China and India were among the richest countries and dominated Asian trade.

25. CHINA’S SHIFT TO ISOLATION From the 1500s, China began restricting overseas contacts and retreated into isolation.

26. SHIFT IN GLOBAL TRADE China's reduced global role, along with the rise of the Americas, shifted the center of world trade westward, making Europe the new hub of global commerce.

27. QUIZ TIME!! Question : Which metal from South America enhanced Europe's wealth in the sixteenth century? Question: What deadly disease carried by Europeans decimated indigenous populations in America? Question: Which European countries led the conquest and colonization of America in the sixteenth century?

28. ANSWERS SILVER SMALL POX SPAIN

29. Thank you!!!!