CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS

What are the various kinds of equipments and machines used in Construction?

1. CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS SHALINI SINGH 3 RD YEAR, SECTION-B U.S.A.P SOURCES : www.google.co.in www.handyman-austin.com www.indiamart.com www.slideshare.net www.deere.com

2. Depending on the application, construction machines are classified into various categories CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS Earthmoving equipments Construction vehicles Material handling equipments Construction equipments

3. Group A : earthmoving equipments * Earthmoving equipment is used in the construction industry to : - shift large amounts of earth, - dig foundations and landscape areas. * Types of earthmoving equipment include hydraulic excavators, bulldozers, compressors and loaders. A1 : E XCAVATORS Excavators are heavy construction equipment consisting of a boom, stick, bucket and cab on a rotating platform (known as the "house"). Excavators are used in many ways: Digging of trenches, holes, foundations Material handling Brush cutting with hydraulic attachments Forestry work Demolition General grading/landscaping Heavy lift, e.g. lifting and placing of pipes Mining, especially, but not only open-pit mining River dredging Driving piles, in conjunction with a pile driver

4. A2 : LOADERS A loader is a heavy equipment machine often used in construction, primarily used to load material (such as asphalt, demolition debris, dirt, snow, feed, gravel, logs, raw minerals, recycled material, rock, sand, and woodchips) into or onto another type of machinery (such as a dump truck, conveyor belt, feed-hopper, or railcar). A3 : S KID STEER LOADERS A skid loader or skid-steer loader is a small rigid frame, engine-powered machine with lift arms used to attach a wide variety of labor-saving tools or attachments.

5. A4 : GRADERS A grader , also commonly referred to as a road grader , a blade , a maintainer , or a motor grader , is a construction machine with a long blade used to create a flat surface. Graders are commonly used in the construction and maintenance of dirt roads and gravel roads. The crawler loader combines the stability of the crawler tractor with the abilities of a wheel loader. A5 : CRAWLER LOADERS The introduction of hydraulic excavators diminished the market for the crawler loader because it was unable to match the excavator's lifting power and flexibility.

6. A6 : BACKHOE A backhoe , also called a rear actor or back actor , is a piece of excavating equipment or digger consisting of a digging bucket on the end of a two-part articulated arm. They are typically mounted on the back of a tractor or front loader. A7 : BULLDOZERS A bulldozer is a crawler (continuous tracked tractor) equipped with a substantial metal plate (known as a blade) used to push large quantities of soil, sand, rubble, or other such material during construction or conversion work and typically equipped at the rear with a claw-like device (known as a ripper) to loosen densely-compacted materials.

7. Trenchers , or ditchers as they are sometimes called, are similar to excavators in the sense that they penetrate the earth, breaking soil and rock, and remove it from the ground. They differ from excavators in that the soil is removed in one continuous movement. A8 : TRENCHERS A9 : SCRAPERS In civil engineering, a wheel tractor-scraper is a piece of heavy equipment used for earthmoving. A10 : WHEELED LOADING SHOVELS A power shovel (also stripping shovel or front shovel or electric mining shovel) is a bucket-equipped machine, usually electrically powered, used for digging and loading earth or fragmented rock and for mineral extraction.

8. Group b : construction vehicles *Engineering or Construction vehicles are heavy-duty vehicles, specially designed for executing construction (Civil engineering) tasks, most frequently, ones involving earth moving. A dumper is a vehicle designed for carrying bulk material, often on building sites. B 1 : DUMPERS B 2 : TIPPERS A truck or lorry the rear platform of which can be raised at the front end to enable the load to be discharged by gravity also called tip truck. B 3 : TRAILERS Commonly, the term trailer refers to such vehicles used for transport of goods and materials.

9. Group c : material handling equipments C 1 : CRANES A crane is a type of machine, generally equipped with a hoist, wire ropes or chains, and sheaves, that can be used both to lift and lower materials and to move them horizontally. C 2 : CONVEYORS A conveyor system is a common piece of mechanical handling equipment that moves materials from one location to another. C 3 : FORKLIFTS A forklift truck (also called a lift truck , a fork truck , a forklift , or a tow-motor ) is a powered industrial truck used to lift and transport materials. A hoist is a device used for lifting or lowering a load by means of a drum or lift-wheel around which rope or chain wraps. C 4 : HOISTS

10. Group d : construction equipments D 1 : TUNNELING EQUIPMENTS A tunnel boring machine ( TBM ) also known as a "mole", is a machine used to excavate tunnels with a circular cross section through a variety of soil and rock strata. D 2 : CONCRETE MIXERS A concrete mixer (also commonly called a cement mixer ) is a device that homogeneously combines cement, aggregate such as sand or gravel, and water to form concrete. D 3 : COMPACTORS A compactor is a machine or mechanism used to reduce the size of waste material or soil through compaction. A paver ( paver finisher , asphalt finisher , paving machine ) is an engineering vehicle used to lay asphalt on roadways. D 4 : PAVERS

11. D 5 : SPRAYING AND PLASTERING MACHINES Plaster spraying allows a plasterer to skim a drywall more than five times faster than using a hand float to apply it. D 6 : ROAD ROLLER A road roller (sometimes called a roller-compactor , or just roller ) is a compactor type engineering vehicle used to compact soil, gravel, concrete, or asphalt in the construction of roads and foundations, similar rollers are used also at landfills or in agriculture. D 7 : STONE CRUSHERS A crusher is a machine designed to reduce large rocks into smaller rocks, gravel, or rock dust. D 8 : SLURRY & HEAVY DUTY PUMPS A pump is a device used to move fluids, such as liquids, gases or slurries. SHALINI SINGH 3 RD YEAR, SECTION-B U.S.A.P