Content Theories

This presentation is about the content theories in human resource management.

1. CONTENT THEORIES Presentation By: Jaisha K J

2. INTRODUCTION Content theories are also called needs theories They are generally associated with a view that concentrates on the importance of determining 'what' motivates us. They try to identify what our 'needs' are and relate motivation to the fulfilling of these needs. Content theories focus on factors within a person that: Energize Behavior Direct Behavior Sustain Behavior Stop Behavior

3. CONTENT THEORIES Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. "Management Assumptions" (Theory X and Theory Y). ERG Theory. McClelland's Need for Achievement, Affiliation and Power. Herzberg's' Two Factor Theory.

4. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Maslow (1943, 1954) stated that people are motivated to achieve certain needs and that some needs take precedence over others. Our most basic need is for physical survival, and this will be the first thing that motivates our behavior. Once that level is fulfilled the next level up is what motivates us, and so on.

5. "Management Assumptions“ (Theory X and Theory Y ) Developed by social psychologist Douglas McGregor. It describes two contrasting sets of assumptions that managers make about their employees. Theory X – Organizations hold a negative view of employees. People dislike work, have little ambition, and are unwilling to take responsibility. Theory Y –Organizations hold a positive view of employees. People are self-motivated and enjoy the challenge of work.

6. ERG Theory Clayton P. Alderfer's ERG theory from 1969 condenses Maslow's five human needs into three categories: Existence, Relatedness and Growth.

7. Two Factor Theory Herzberg’s Motivation- Hygiene Theory There are certain factors in the workplace that cause job satisfaction, while a separate set of factors cause dissatisfaction. Opposite of satisfaction – no satisfaction opposite of dissatisfaction – no dissatisfaction

8. McClelland's Theory David McClelland introduced this theory during 1960’s. It is based on Maslow’s hierarchy of need. According to him individual posses three needs which are not innate they are learned through culture, age and experiences. The Need for Achievement The Need for Affiliation The Need for Power

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