Continuous Passive Motion.pptx by gokulakrishnan

A continuous passive movement(CPM) machine is a motorized instrument that passively moves a joint through a pre-set range of movement.

1. CONTINUOUS PASSIVE MOTION GOKULAKRISHNAN.J ASSISTANT PROFESSOR THANTHAI ROEVER COLLEGE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY PERAMBALUR

2. INTRODUCTION A continuous passive movement(CPM) machine is a motorized instrument that passively moves a joint through a pre-set range of movement.

3. HISTORY Salter, who invented the concept of continuous passive motion, which has come tobe known as simply "CPM," derived this concept on the basis of a series of experimental investigations and well thought-out rationale.

4. DEFINITION CPM Machine is slowly and continuously passive movement performed by mechanical procedure through a controlled ROM without patient work.

5. GENERAL PRINCIPLES The CPM unit is often applied in the recovery room immediately after surgery even when the patient is wearing a brace or surgical bandages. The arc of movement for the joint is determined. Often a low arc of 20to30 degrees is used initially end progressed to 10 to 15 degrees per day. The rate of movement is usually 1 cycle per 45 sec. or 2 minutes. Physiotherapy treatment is provided during the time the patient is not on the CPM machine. The duration minimum for CPM is usually less than one week then a satisfactory ROM is reached.

6. INDICATIONS Postsurgical recovery from surgeries via laparoscopy Reconstruction of the knee (ligaments and meniscus) Fractures (patellar, femoral, tibial plateau ) Surgeries of the hip Burns Joint mobilization

7. CONTRAINDICATION Deep venous thrombosis (prevention) Arthritis and arthrosis Lesions of the meniscus, with presence of free intra- articular bodies Degenerative bone diseases Vascular lesions Acute edemas Lesions in conjunctive tissue

8. COMPLICATIONS If Overuse of a CPM Machine may cause joint pain and swelling over the joint. if you increase motion speedily may also be chances of injury to a ligament or muscle strain.

9. BENEFITS OF CPM Reduce the negative effects of joint immobilization. Preventing the development of adhesion, contracture, and joint stiffness. Providing a stimulating effect on the healing of tendons and ligaments. CPM machines only move your joint, not move your muscles. Minimizing the effect of the immobilization.

10. Increasing the synovial fluid of the joint so increases the rate of intra – articular healing. It’s thought they help by counteracting the negative effects of prolonged immobilization. The range of motion (ROM) of your arm or leg will increase. The CPM machine will flex (bend) your joint for you.

11. Decrease post-operative pain. You may have increased blood flow in your arm or leg. Improve recovery rate and ROM following surgical procedures. Enhance the nutritional status of the extremity by improving circulation through a continuous pumping action.

12. ADVANTAGES The range of movement (ROM) of your arm or leg will increase. The CPM machine will bend your joint for you. Your muscles may get stronger more quickly. You may have less pain. Blood flow in your arm or leg should be increased.

13. DISADVANTAGES Hip joint rehabilitation in the field allows no ideal movement of the hip joint. Abduction and adduction of the hip are not possible.

14. PRECAUTIONS The use of CPM in conjunction with anti-coagulation therapy may produce an intra – compartmental hematoma. Skin impatience from the bands or carriage cover may develop.

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