Conventional Construction : Concrete Construction

Conventional Construction : Concrete Construction

1. DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Conventional constructions : Concrete Constructions (CC) Er . Ramprasad Kumawat ( M.Tech )

2. Conventional constructions: Masonry, Timber, Steel and Concrete Constructions (CC) Introduction to Additive Construction methods using concrete (3D Printed Building)

3. What is Concrete ? Concrete is a vital element and a vitally important thing that is used in several individual and commercial buildings . It solidifies and hardens after mixing with water and placement due to a chemical process known as hydration . It binds other building materials together.

4. It is a material extensively used in the construction process and is made by mixing aggregate, cement, small stones, sand, gravel, and water. All the components bond together to create a stone-like material.

5. Cement is probably the most used man-made material.     Concrete is used to make:  Pavements      Architectural Structures      Foundations      Motorways      Roads And Bridges      Overpasses      Parking Structures      Walls And Footings For Gates      Fences And Poles

6. Concrete in the present infrastructure has been deteriorating at a fast pace due to the corrosion of reinforcing steel coming from the including chloride and other ions from road salts, marine areas and ground soils.

7. Advantages of Using Concrete in Construction Advantages of concrete : Among all the construction materials used in the world, concrete is most widely used due to its unique benefits compared to other materials.

8. Concrete is Economical Concrete Hardens at Ambient Temperature Ability to be Cast into Shape Energy Efficiency in Production Excellent Water Resistance Characteristics High-temperature resistance Ability to Consume and Recycle Waste

9. Application in Reinforced Concrete Low or Zero Maintenance Required

10. Types of Concrete In concrete technology, a variety of type-names has been used for different types of concrete. This classification is based on three factors:      Type of material used in its making.      Nature of stress conditions.      And it’s density.

11. Plain or Ordinary Concrete It is one of the most commonly used types of concrete. In this type of concrete, the essential constituents are cement, sand and coarse aggregates designed and mixed with a specified quantity of water. The ratio of essential constituents may be varied within wide limits. A very commonly used mix design, widely known as Nominal Mix Design, is 1:2:4.

12. Plain concrete is mostly used to construct pavements and buildings, where very high tensile strength is not required . It is also used in the construction of Dams.

13. Lightweight Concrete Any type of concrete having a density of less than 1920 Kg/m3 is classed as lightweight concrete. Lightweight Concretes are used, depending upon their composition, for thermal insulation, for protecting steel structures, they are also used in long-span bridge decks, and even as building blocks.

14. High-Density Concrete This type of concrete is also called heavyweight concrete. In this concrete type, the density varies between 3000-4000 Kg/m3. These types of concrete are prepared by using high density crushed rocks as coarse aggregates. Among such materials, Barytes is the most commonly used material, which has a specific gravity of 4.5.

15. Reinforced Concrete It is also called RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete). In this concrete type, steel in various forms is used as reinforcement to give very high tensile strength. The steel reinforcement is cast in rods, bars, meshes, and all conceivable shapes.

16. Precast Concrete This term refers to numerous types of concrete shapes that are cast into molds either in a factory or at the site. However, they are not used in construction until they are completely set and hardened in a controlled condition. Some of the examples of Precast Concrete are; precast poles, fence posts, concrete lintels, staircase units, concrete blocks, and cast stones, etc.

17. Pre-stressed Concrete It is a special type of reinforced concrete in which the reinforcement bars are tensioned before being embedded in the concrete. Such tensioned wires are held firm at each end while the concrete mix is placed. The result is that when the concrete sets and hardens, the whole concrete members, so the cast is put into compression.

18. Lime Concrete In this type of concrete, lime is used as a binding material with the aggregates. Before the invention of cement, the most used concrete was lime concrete.

19. Pumped Concrete Pumped concrete is used for high rise buildings where concrete conveyance other than the pump is not an easy task.

20. Ready-mix Concrete This concrete type is prepared in concrete plants and or transported with the help of truck-mounted transit mixtures. Once they are reached at the site then, there is no further treatment necessary.

21. Fiber Reinforced Concrete The type of concrete in which steel fibers 10 to 20 microns in diameter and 10 to 50 mm in length is used. Fiber increases resilience, tensile strength, flexibility, and other qualities.

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