Conveyor

Transportation of solids

1. Conveyors
Transportation of solid
(Dr.) Mirza Salman Baig
Assistant Professor (Pharmaceutics)
AIKTC, School of Pharmacy,New Panvel
Affiliated to University of Mumbai (INDIA)

2. Types of conveyors
•
Belt conveyor,
•
Bucket conveyor,
•
Screw conveyor
•
Pneumatic conveyor.

3. Belt conveyor

4. Principle
Horizantally or inclined placed
motor
driven rotating belt on pullys

convey the
solid material
from
feeding point to discharge point.

5. Components
•
Long Continuous belt
•
Rolls - rollers held by frame (idlers)
•
Belt drive and
power supply
•
Peripheral Devices
–
Feeding
–
Discharge

6. Conveyor Parts

7. Belt Conveyor

8. How
Conveyors
Function
•
Material Falls on moving belt that
carries it along
•
Requires a continuous frame and
structure to transport material
over the route

9. Conveyor Belting Parts
•
Carcass(
backbone
of belt) -
woven fabric or material for tensile
strength
•
Carcass is then covered with thin
layer of
rubber
•
Tighteners
are installed to
maintain tension on belt evenly.

10. Idlers
•
Supports Belt and Material Load
•
Built with
–
Shaft surrounded by bearings
–
Then roll of steel or rubber
•
Two main types
–
Carrying for material and belt
–
return supports belt on return trip

11. Carrying Idlers
•
Usually troughed with 3 equal size
rollers on a frame in mining
applications
–
Some suspended catenary systems
have 5 rollers
•
Troughs usually 20 , 35, 45
degrees
–
Deeper trough more volume
–
Requires thinner belt to lay in trough
which limits strength
–
35 common choice for mining

12. Carrying Idlers

13. Return Idlers
•
Usually Flat and one piece
•
Sometimes two piece V for belt
training (Training means keeping
in line in trough)
•
Spiral roll to self and
belt clean

14. Specialty Idlers
•
Impact Idlers
for taking material
dropping onto belt
•
Belt Training (Training means
keeping in line in trough)

15. Pulley
•
Head Pulley - turns belt back around
to return - may be coupled to drive
•
Tail Pulley - turns empty belt around
for loading - occasionally coupled to
drive
•
Drive Pulley - Coupled to motor pulls
belt - usually special grip surface

16. Conveyor Parts

19. Pulleys
•
Snub Pulley
- usually used to
change direction
of belt and
increase the contact angle with the
drive pully
•
Take Up Pulley
- Used to
maintain
tension on a belt
left loose
enough for some flexibility

20. Drive Pulley
•
Pulley should be
large
enough to
avoid to hard bend at point of
tension application
•
Pulley should have grab -
–
more grab - less tension
•
Place Drive in practical location to
minimize the highest tension in the
belt

21. Working
•
When power is applied to drive pully
belt start rotating.
•
Snubber maintain contact of belt with
pully
•
Belt move on idlers in direction from
feed to discharge.
•
Amount of material delivered depend
upon width and speed of belt.

22. Application
•
Transporting of packaging material
like cap, containers, vials...
•
In blister packing of tablet and
capsules strips are moved on
conveyor
•
Manufacturing of lozenges

23. Advantage
•
Maintainance is easy
•
Available in variety of sizes
•
Belt made of neoprene or teflon
polymer

24. Disadvantage
•
Costly installation

25. Bucket Conveyor

26. Bucket Conveyor
Principle
Horizantally inclined or vertically
placed motor driven chain carryying
buckets convey the solid material
from feed point (foot) to discharge
point.

27. Construction
•
Buckets are used for loading the
material, buckets are made up of
iron or steel
•
buckets are attached to belt or chain
•
buckets are spaced to prevent
interference

28. Bucket Conveyor

29. contd...
•
weight of materias in conveyors
result in streaching of chain
•
at the foot of elevator the structure
known as boot is used for feeding
•
buckets are some times closed in
casing

30. contd...
Working

•
Loading can be done by the flow of
material throug chute in into buckets
•
Buckets can be discharged at any
point by criping device ...
vid
Application
•
grain/coal transport

31. Screw Conveyor

32. Screw conveyors
Components
•
Trough system
•
Flights and power supply
•
Feeding arrangement
•
Discharge arr.

33. Principle
•
Horizantally inclined or vertically
placed motor driven screw like flight
conveys the material in the trough
from discharge

34. Construction

•
Trough is a U shaped vessel in which
material is enclosed in for conveying
•
screew element consist of spiral
blade called
flight
•
Flight to central shaft
•
Shaft is connected to bevel gears

35. Screw conveyors

36. Working
•
When power is applied the drive
rotates which flight to rotate
•
Feed is normally introduced by spout
•
Material is trapped between gaps of
spiral blades.

37. Applications
•
Finely divided solids
•
Light weight abresieve
•
Different construction available for
variety of material
•
environment remain dust free as it is
a close system

38. Pneumatic Conveyor

39. Pneumatic conveyor
•
Air supply
•
Air slide and pipeline
•
Feed
•
Discharge

40. Principle
•
When High velocity is passed through
a bed of solid particles, indivisual
particles are dragged by the air and
suspended in the air... Fluidized bed
•
Suspension behave like dense fluid
and can be transported
•
Solid can be recovered at discharge
end.

41. Pneumatic conveyor

42. Construction
•
Fans or cycloid blower are connected
to conveying system
•
Air passes through porous base
•
Feed is connected to air slide
through valve
•
Other end is connected to cyclone
seperator.

43. Working
•
Blower produce air at presasure
about 7 K psscal
•
air passes at rate of 1.5 m/min
•
solid get suspended in air stream ...
fluidized state

•
Material then enters seperator
•
Gas can be recycled to blower
•
vid

44. Applications
•
For transport of powder
•
bulky grains
•
poisonous content

•
Pellets
•
Economical
•
low friction

45. Thank You