Conveyors used in animal feed industry

This presentation is about conveyors used in poultry and livestock feed mills ,, not very brief but a general overview.

1. Conveyors Submitted By: Faisal Aziz (2010-ag-2513) Muhammad Adeel

2. Definition : A conveyor system is a common piece of mechanical handling equipment that moves materials from one location to another over a fixed path. Uses Conveyors are especially useful in applications involving the transportation of heavy or bulky materials. Conveyor systems allow quick and efficient transportation for a wide variety of materials, which make them very popular in the material handling and packaging industries. When there is a sufficient flow volume to justify the fixed conveyor investment . Conveyors are used to transport the material generally in horizontal direction, but with some modification in vertical direction.

3. How conveyor works Regardless of whether a conveyor system is motor powered or manual, it will consist of pulleys, idlers, rollers, wheels and belts. A frame supports the belt carrying objects from one location to another. In order to move the belt and transport the material it carries, the head pulley is usually the drive pulley, This makes a device that can be used to handle, move, and transport bulk materials, large volumes of resources, items being manufactured, and agricultural materials.

4. Classification of Conveyors Conveyors can be classified in different ways: • Type of product being handled: unit load or bulk load • Location of the conveyor: overhead , on-floor , or in-floor • Whether or not loads can accumulate on the conveyor

5. Types of Conveyors There are so many types of conveyors but here we will discuss conveyors related but here we will discuss conveyors used in animal feed industry. Screw Conveyors. Chain conveyors. Belt conveyors. Continuous flow conveyor. Pneumatic conveyors. Gravity roller conveyors.

6. Screw conveyors One of the most widely used conveyors in the processing industry. A screw conveyor or auger conveyor is a mechanism that uses a rotating helical screw blade, called a " flighting ", usually within a tube, to move liquid or granular materials. Consists of a tube or U-shaped stationary trough through which a shaft-mounted helix revolves to push loose material forward in a horizontal or inclined direction. These are of different types i.e. inclined , horizontal and vertical screw conveyors.

7. Capacity calculation

8. Belt Conveyors A belt conveyor system consists of two or more pulleys (sometimes referred to as drums), with an endless loop of carrying medium—the conveyor belt that rotates about them. One or both of the pulleys are powered, moving the belt and the material on the belt forward. The powered pulleyi s called the drive pulley while the unpowered pulley is called the idler pulley. The conveyors can be operated horizontally or can be inclined as well. 

9. Conveyor Belts The belt consists of one or more layers ofmaterial . An under layer-to provide linear strength and shape called a carcass(polyester, nylon and cotton) An over layer called the cover. (rubber or plastic compounds)

10. Belt Material Belts are typically made from cotton, canvas,Kevlar , nitrile, nylon, polyester, polyurethane/urethane, PVC, rubber, silicone, wire mesh or weave. Belt Design The actual belt of a system is determined on what the conveyor is going to be used for. Items to consider when choosing a belt. Size of items being moved Weight of items shape of items

11. Essential Properties of belt Flexibility Transverse rigidity Low mass per unit length High strength Simplicity and inexpensive Longer life Should not stretch under normal working stresses ,i.e., low relative elongation. Wear resistant Fire resistant

12. Chain Conveyors Uses one or more endless chains on which loads are carried directly.

13. Drag/ Paddle conveyor Drag conveyors are a great complement to screw conveyors and belt conveyors and a requirement of many bulk material handling applications. The compact and versatile design allows drag conveyors to fit almost any plant layout.

14. Gravity conveyor Non-powered, gravity conveyors are one of the most economical material handling solutions. Loads are conveyed on rollers or skatewheels which are mounted in frames. Typically gravity conveyors are sloped in elevation to allow products to flow freely, taking advantage of the Earth’s gravity. Thus the label – gravity conveyor, these are mostly used in loading and unloading of trucks & Conveyance within picking areas.

15. Pneumatic/Vacuum Conveyor Air pressure is used to convey materials through a system of vertical and horizontal tubes. It can be used for both bulk and unit movement of materials. Major advantages are that material is completely enclosed and it is easy to implement turns and vertical moves. The pressure and air flow used to convey the materials is generated by air movers such as positive displacement blowers or vacuums. There are 3 different conveying phase i.e. dilute , dense & plug.

16. Comparison between the different conveying phases

17. Vacuum conveying - Working principles Creation of a permanent under pressure inside the separator 2. Suction of the powder from the supply hopper (bag, IBC, silo, etc …) 3. Cyclone filling, up to the level sensor 4. Opening of the discharge valve.

18. Thanks