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WATERSHED

1. Soil and Water Assessment Tool NATHANIEL R. ALIBUYOG MMSU, Batac , I locos Norte SWAT

2. Model Philosophy Readily available input – Physically based Computer efficient Comprehensive – Process interaction Simulate Management

3. Modeling History: Time Line USLE CREAMS ( Clean Water Act) EPIC SWRRB SWAT 1960’s 1970’s 1980’s 1990’s GLEAMS WEPP AGNPS ANN AGNPS USLE – plot scale EPIC – field scale WEPP – Hillslope scale APEX – Farm scale SWAT – watershed scale APEX

4. What is SWAT SWAT is a physically-based, river basin-scale, continuous event hydrologic model developed to quantify the impact of land management practices on water, sediment, and agricultural chemical yields in large, complex watersheds with varying soils, land use, and management conditions Major model components describe processes associated with water movement, sediment movement, soils, temperature, weather, plant growth, nutrients, pesticides and land management.

5. SWAT General Description Continuous Time Daily Time step One Day --  Hundred of Years Distributed Parameter Unlimited Number of subwatersheds Comprehensive – Process Interactions Simulate Management

6. Upland Processes Weather Hydrology Sedimentation Plant Growth Nutrient Cycling Pesticide Dynamics Management Bacteria

7. Some Applications of SWAT in Water Resources Planning and Management

8. Digital Elevation Model Land use Map Soils Map GIS-SWAT Climatic Database Landsat 2005 Stream Flow Erosion Rate SWAT-CUP Stream Flow Data Erosion Hotspot NGP Targeted Areas C alibration Identifying Erosion Hotspot

9. Soil Erosion Hotspot

10. SWAT for understan d watershed hydrology as affected by climate and land use changes

11. Predicting the effects of land use and climate change on watershed hydrology

12. Impacts of Land use change on watershed hydrology

13. Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources The four storylines developed by the IPCC which defines plausible emission scenarios

14. Comparison of Baseline and Projected Monthly Water Yield (mm) under Medium-Range Scenario (A1B )

15. Climate Change Impacts

16. Stream flow hydrograph of Apayao-Abulug River

17. Stream flow- Dependable Flow 1960 – 1970 (NWRB) 7.55 MCM/day 1980 – 2010 (Present Study) 5.62 MCM/day

18. Some Applications of SWAT   SWAT has been extensively used worldwide for various applications. Among the common applications of SWAT includes:   Simulation of watershed hydrologic balance Estimation of soil water, recharge, tile flow, and groundwater level Runoff, erosion and sediment studies Comprehensive water quality assessments Pesticide fate and transport studies Assessment of climate change impacts on hydrology and on pollutant loss

19. Some Applications of SWAT   Evaluation of overland or stream/river flow changes as a result of: Retention/detention structures Wetland restoration BMPs or changes in land use/land cover (such as no-till farming or conversion of farmland to grassland) Drought planning Water supply options Regional impacts of climate change on groundwater recharge and on water supplies

20. Some Applications of SWAT   Evaluation of best/better management practices (BMPs) to control sediment and nutrient loading to waterways: Buffer strips No-till or reduced-till farming Fertilizer application rates Wetland restoration Assessment of regional water endowments, crop water productivity, and implications for intra-country virtual water trade

21. Some Applications of SWAT   Catchment scale water quality impact analysis related to life cycle assessment for forestry and agriculture Coastal watershed assessment Evaluation of economic and environmental benefits of soil and water conservation measures Estimation of water quality, air quality, and soil carbon benefits from conservation program Use of swat to determine flow and chemistry variables for development of ecological indicators in stream ecosystems

22. SWAT is a product of Research and offers various applications which can be used in the Philippines SWAT Model can be used for decision support on Water resources development and plan over the country Proven and widely used for water quality, water supply and climate change studies CONCLUSION