Covid-19 Immigration Effects - Key Slides - June 2025

Half-year 2025 comparisons

Permanent residents admissions: From 255,015 in 2024 to 207,510 in 2025, decline 18.6 percent, (from 2023, decline 21 percent), about 50 percent of 2025 target

TR2PR (Those already in Canada): From 148,020 in 2024 to 126,365 in 2025, decline of 14.6 percent (from 2023, decline 13 percent).

TRs-IMP: From 420,070 in 2024 to 295,505 in 2025, decline of 29.7 percent (from 2023, decline 23.4 percent), already exceeds 2025 target

TRs-TFWP: From 110,910 in 2024 to 106,105 in 2025, decline of 4.3 percent (from 2023, decline 7.2 percent), already exceeds 2025 target for both agriculture and non-agriculture workers

Students: From 248,820 in 2024 to 152,775 in 2025, decline of 38.6 percent (from 2023, increase 26.1 percent), about 50 percent of 2025 target (likely to overshoot given third quarter has highest number of admissions (between 40-45 percent for post-secondary albeit only 34 percent in 2024)

Asylum Claimants: From 93,315 in 2024 to 57,810 in 2025, decline of 38 percent (from 2023, decline 3.7 percent)

Citizenship: From 205,363 in 2024 to 151,804 in 2025, decline of 26.1 percent (from 2023, decline 14.2 percent)

Visitor Visas: From 868,234 in 2024 to 568,195, decline of 34.6 percent (from 2023, decline 40.5 percent)

1. Canadian Immigration Tracker
2018 to June 2025
Working Draft - Key Slides
15,000
30,000
45,000
60,000
2018-12018-72019-12019-72020-12020-72021-12021-72022-12022-72023-12023-72024-12024-72025-1
Economic - PNP Economic - Fed Family Refugees Other

2. Programs Examined
•Permanent Residents/Immigrants (PRs): Economic (PNP and Federal), Family and Refugees
•TR to Permanent Resident transition
•Asylum Claimants
•Temporary Residents/International Mobility Program (IMP): International Agreements (e.g., NAFTA, GATS),
Canadian Interests (e.g., intra-corporate transfers, work exchange programs, post-graduate employment,
spouses)
•Temporary Residents/Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP): caregivers, agriculture workers, other
workers with Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA)
•Study Permits (international students)
•Settlement Services
•Citizenship
•Visitor Visas
2

3. Q2—2025 Highlights
•PR Admissions: Stable from 104,095 in Q1-2025 to 103,415 Q2-2025. Q2 year-over-year change (change from 2023 in parentheses):
Economic - PNP -43.9% (-20.2%), Economic - Federal -4.1% (7.9%), Family -7.4% (-16.1%), Refugees -36.2% (-32.7%)
•Applications: Given time delays in entering application data, I am using a six-month time lag. Decrease from 174,330 in Q3-2024 to 110,535 Q4-2024. Q4-2024 year-over-year change (change from 2022): -34.1% (-22.9%)
•Express Entry and Arrima Invitations to Apply: Decrease from 28,683 in Q1-2025 (0 Arrima) to 11,162 Q2-2025 (0 Arrima). Q2-2025 year-over-year change (change from 2023): -52.7% (-54.1%)
•TR to PRs transition (i.e., those already in Canada): Decrease from 66,450 in Q1-2025 (63.8% of all PRs) to 59,915 Q2-2025 (57.9% of all PRs). Q2-2025 year-over-year change (change from 2023): -14.9% (9.2%)
•Temporary Residents:
•TRs/IMP: Decrease from 171,245 in Q1-2025 to 124,260 in Q2-2025. Q2-2025 year-over-year (change from 2023): Agreements: -34.1% (-22.3%), Canadian Interests: -27.5% (-40.8%), Other IMP Participants -49.4%
(-24.0%), Not stated -74.2% (-63.9%)
•TRs/TFWP: Increase from 44,760 in Q1-2025 to 61,345 in Q2-2025 (seasonal). Q2-2025 year-over-year change (change from 2023): Caregivers -2.9% (-2.9%), Agriculture -0.5% (-5.1%) and Other LMIA -17.1% (-15.5%).
•TRs by occupation code: 2024 Full Year-over-year (D) change (change from 2022) 14.0% (157.4%)
•Students: Decrease from 96,420 in Q1-2025 to 56,355 in Q2-2025. Q2-2025 year-over-year change (change from 2023): All -55.1% (-62.5%),
post-secondary -63.1% (-71.0%)
•Applications: Decrease from 74,740 in Q1-2025 to 69,155 in Q2-2025. Q2-2025 year-over-year change (change from 2023): -45.8% (-71.0%)
•Asylum Claimants: Stable from 28,880 in Q1-2025 to 28,930 in Q2-2025. Q2-2025 year-over-year change (change from 2023): -37.4% (4.9%)
•Irregular arrivals (Roxham Road etc.): Decrease from 400 in Q1-2025 to 303 in Q2-2025. Q2-2025 year-over-year change (change from 2023): -96.8% (-92.4%).
•Settlement Services (2024): Increase from 2,922,275 in 2023 to 3,121,595 in 2024 (most recent data, services, not unique clients). 2024 year-
over-year (change from 2022): 8.8% (33.6%).
•Citizenship: Decrease from 87,765 in Q1-2025 to 64,039 in Q2-2025. Q2-2025 year-over-year change (change from 2023): -37.8% (-30.6%).
•Applications (2024): From 317,538 in 2023 to 356,733 in 2024. 2024 Year-over-year change (change from 2022): 12.3% (35.0%).
•Visitor Visas: Increase from 273,990 in Q1-2025 to 294,205 in Q2-2025. Q2-2025 year-over-year change (change from 2023): -32.9% (-49.3%).
3

4. Change Across Major Programs
2024 full year Compared to full year 2018 Baseline, 2024/2023 Comparison
4
PR Admissions-PNP
PR Admissions-Fed
TR2PR
Temporary Workers IMP
Temporary Workers TFWP
Asylum Claimants
Study Permit Applications
Study Permit Holders
Citizenship Applications (2023)
New Citizens
Settlement Services (2023)
Visitor Visas
-75% 0% 75% 150% 225% 300% -19.9% -1.3% -23.8% -32.4% 17.5% 3.6% -14.7% 1.3% 6.1% 12.3% 10.6% 26.7% 110.8% 22.2% 46.4% 71.4% 217.7% 131.9% 186.2% 184.6% 36.2% 80.8%
Change 2024/2018 Change 2024/2023

5. January-June Comparisons
5
Q2-2023 Q2-2024 Q2-2025 Year over year2 year change
Levels Plan 2025
target (annual)
% Annual target
PR Admissions 262,575 255,015 207,510 -18.6% -21.0% 395,000 52.5%
TR2PR 145,305 148,020 126,365 -14.6% -13.0%
TRs-IMP 385,800 420,070 295,505 -29.7% -23.4% 285,750 103.4%
TRs-TFWP - All 114,370 110,910 106,105 -4.3% -7.2% 82,000 129.4%
TRs-TFWP - Non-seasonal 60,820 62,550 57,425 -8.2% -5.6% 45,100 127.3%
Students 121,177 248,820 152,775 -38.6% 26.1% 305,900 49.9%
Study permit applications433,097 292,676 143,895 -50.8% -66.8%
Asylum claimants 60,050 93,315 57,810 -38.0% -3.7%
Citizenship 176,999 205,363 151,804 -26.1% -14.2%
Visitor visas 955,555 868,234 568,195 -34.6% -40.5%
Note: TFWP target excludes seasonal (agriculture) and permit extensions, have imputed 55 percent non-agriculture for LMIA target. Students will likely exceed
targets given bulk of admissions in third quarter (typically between 40-45 percent for post-secondary). Highlighting: Change - Red, decrease of 25 percent or more,
Orange, decrease of 10 percent or less, Percent of 2025 target - Green, Increase of 55 percent or more

6. Permanent Residents
6

7. Express Entry & Arrima Invitations—2018-25
12,500
25,000
37,500
50,000
2018-Q1 2018-Q4 2019-Q3 2020-Q2 2021-Q1 2021-Q4 2022-q3 2023-Q2 2024-Q1 2024-Q4
CEC PNP No Program Federal Skilled TradesHealthcare STEM
Trades Transport Agriculture French Education General
QC Arrima
7

8. PR Applications: Region of Citizenship —2018-25
75,000
150,000
225,000
300,000
2018-Q1 2018-Q4 2019-Q3 2020-Q2 2021-Q1 2021-Q4 2022-Q3 2023-Q2 2024-Q1 2024-Q4
Asia Africa Americas Europe Oceania
8
Note: Given delays in entering applications in processing systems, a six month time lag is used. May 2021 surge driven by
applications from India (corrected from previous version)

9. Admissions: PRs by Categories—2018-25
40,000
80,000
120,000
160,000
2018-Q1 2019-Q3 2021-Q1 2022-Q3 2024-Q1
Economic - PNP Economic - Fed Family Refugees Other
9

10. Admissions: PRs Region of Citizenship—2018-25
40,000
80,000
120,000
160,000
2018-Q1 2019-Q3 2021-Q1 2022-q3 2024-Q1
Asia Africa Americas Europe Oceania
10

11. Admissions: PRs Canada Total
Q2 Comparison: 2025/24, 2025/23, Full year 2024/18
-67.5%
-45%
-22.5%
0%
22.5%
45%
67.5%
90%
Economic - PNP Economic - Fed Family Refugees 68.7% 23.6% 36.2% 80.8% -32.7% -16.1% 7.9% -20.2% -36.2% -7.4% -4.1% -43.9%
Q2 2025/24 Q2 2025/23 Full year 2024/18
11

12. Admissions: PNP Provinces
Q2 Comparison: 2025/24, 2025/23, Full year 2024/18
-70%
-35%
0%
35%
70%
105%
140%
Atlantic ON MB SK AB BC 42.9% 93% 59.5% 50.1% 115.3% 127.9% -34.2% -10.4% -55.5% -20.8% 1.1% -1.5% -48.4% -55.1% -61.1% -47.6% -11.1% -46.9%
Q2 2025/24 Q2 2025/23 Full year 2024/18
12

13. Admissions: Permanent Residents by Citizenship
Q2 Comparison: 2025/24, 2025/23, Full year 2024/18
Top 10 Countries — Ordered by 2018 base year
-100%
-25%
50%
125%
200%
IndiaPhilippinesChina SyriaNigeriaUSA PakistanFranceEritreaUK -27.1% 190.5% 60.8% 25.3% -14.8% 86% -35.9% 0.4% -8.1% 81.4% -22.5% 1.6% 105.7% -27% -24.1% -1.6% -64.3% -29.2% 6.4% -27.9% -20.1% -19.2% 35% -20.1% -26.6% -24.9% -60% -32.4% -27.6% -26.1%
Q2 2025/24 Q2 2025/23 Full year 2024/18
13

14. Admissions: Temporary to Permanent Residents
By Program—2018-25
25,000
50,000
75,000
100,000
2018-Q1 2018-Q4 2019-Q3 2020-Q2 2021-Q1 2021-Q4 2022-Q3 2023-Q2 2024-Q1 2024-Q4
IMP Post-Graduate WP Students TFWP
14

15. Admissions by Province: TRs to PRs
Q2 Comparison: 2025/24, 2025/23, Full year 2024/18
-125%
0%
125%
250%
375%
500%
Atlantic QC ON MB SK AB BC 115.2% 115.4% 121.9% 377.9% 172.6% 134.9% 421.5% -18.1% 4.6% -34.9% -24.6% -10.9% 378.2% 13.9% -21.1% -42.5% -61.7% -52.8% -4.8% 97.6% -53.4%
Q2 2025/24 Q2 2025/23 Full year 2024/18
15

16. Admissions: TRs to PRs
Q2 Comparison: 2025/24, 2025/23, Full year 2024/18
-50%
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
IMP Post-Graduate WP Students TFWP 175.6% 133.4% 150.4% 184.6% 80.4% -2% -10.8% 16.6% 12.1% -31.8% -16.2% -13.5%
Q2 2025/24 Q2 2025/23 Full year 2024/18
16

17. Two-Step Immigration
TR2PR Percent Total Admission—2018-25
0
40,000
80,000
120,000
160,000
20%
40%
60%
80%
2018-Q1 2018-Q4 2019-Q3 2020-Q2 2021-Q1 2021-Q4 2022-q3 2023-Q2 2024-Q1 2024-Q4
Percent TR2PR Total Admissions
17

18. Asylum Claimants
18

19. Asylum Claimants: Office Type 2018-25
12,500
25,000
37,500
50,000
2018-Q1 2018-Q4 2019-Q3 2020-Q2 2021-Q1 2021-Q4 2022-Q3 2023-Q2 2024-Q1 2024-Q4
Airport Border Inland Other
19
Note: The “other claim office” surge in Q42022 likely reflected delays in classification, most of these were likely Inland

20. Asylum Claimants: Irregular Arrivals
RCMP Interceptions as Percent Total Asylum Claimants—2018-25
0
12,500
25,000
37,500
50,000
12.5%
25%
37.5%
50%
2018-Q1 2018-Q4 2019-Q3 2020-Q2 2021-Q1 2021-Q4 2022-Q3 2023-Q2 2024-Q1 2024-Q4
Percent Claimants Irregular Arrivals Asylum Claimants
20

21. Asylum Claimants: Year-over-year
Q2 Comparison: 2025/24, 2025/23, Full year 2024/18
-150%
0%
150%
300%
450%
600%
Airport Border Inland 326.3% -25.5% 512.3% 42.3% 45.1% -68.6% -31% 81.6% -79.6%
Q2 2025/24 Q2 2025/23 Full year 2024/18
21

22. Asylum Claimants: Year-over-year
Q2 Comparison: 2025/24, 2025/23, Full year 2024/18
-175%
0%
175%
350%
525%
700%
IndiaMexico IranNigeriaColombiaPakistanChina Turkey HaitiCongo DRC 131.1% 556.5% 55.6% 116.8% 177.2% 69.3% 49.5% 171.4% 179.7% 616.5% -6.5% 506.9% -79.6% 162.8% 3% -43.2% 99.4% 32.1% -81.5% 91.4% -36.8% 173.7% -52.5% 10.8% -37.7% -54% -44.9% 6.6% -22.7% -54.3%
Q2 2025/24 Q2 2025/23 Full year 2024/18
22
Note: USA no longer in top 25

23. Asylum Claimants: Provinces 2018-25
25%
50%
75%
100%
2018-Q1 2018-Q4 2019-Q3 2020-Q2 2021-Q1 2021-Q4 2022-Q3 2023-Q2 2024-Q1 2024-Q4
ON QC BC AB MB SK Atlantic
23

24. Asylum Claimants: Provinces Change
Q2 Comparison: 2025/24, 2025/23, Full year 2024/18
-150%
0%
150%
300%
450%
600%
ON QC BC AB MB SK AtlanticUntitled 1 326.3% -25.5% 512.3% 223.1% 328.6% 255% 80.9% 83.7% -10.9% 0.6% -37.3% 75% 25% -23.7% -22.7% 12.4% -34.3% -46.7%
Q2 2025/24 Q2 2025/23 Full year 2024/18
24

25. Temporary Residents
25

26. IMP & TFWP Work Permit Holders—2018-25
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
2018-Q1 2018-Q4 2019-Q3 2020-Q2 2021-Q1 2021-Q4 2022-Q3 2023-Q2 2024-Q1 2024-Q4
Agreements Cdn Interests Other IMP Vulnerable Not Stated Caregivers
Agriculture LMIA
26

27. Temporary Residents by Program Canada
Q2 Comparison: 2025/24, 2025/23, Full year 2024/18
-100%
0%
100%
200%
300%
400%
Agreements Canadian Interests Caregivers Agriculture LMIA 396.5% 27.7% -52.1% 114.4% -31.6% -17.1% -0.5% -2.9% -40.8% -22.3% -17.1% -0.5% -2.9% -27.5% -34.1%
Q2 2025/24 Q2 2025/23 Full year 2024/18
27

28. IMP by Region of Citizenship—2018-25
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
2018-Q1 2018-Q4 2019-Q3 2020-Q2 2021-Q1 2021-Q4 2022-Q3 2023-Q2 2024-Q1 2024-Q4
Asia Europe Americas Africa Oceania
28

29. IMP by Citizenship
Q2 Comparison: 2025/24, 2025/23, Full year 2024/18
-75%
0%
75%
150%
225%
300%
India USA FranceChina UK AustraliaIrelandKorea BrazilJapan 12.5% 2.3% 66.2% -39% -12.8% 31.9% 21.8% 6.3% -24.6% 280.2% -2.5% -37.4% 4.6% -34.6% 6.3% 10.8% -46% -38.8% 0.3% -54.3% -8.6% -20.1% -22.6% -21.9% -2.2% 0.4% -28.4% -10% -3.3% -32%
Q2 2025/24 Q2 2025/23 Full year 2024/18
29

30. IMP by Province
Q2 Comparison: 2025/24, 2025/23, Full year 2024/18 Ordered by 2018 base year
-75%
0%
75%
150%
225%
300%
Atlantic QC ON MB SK AB BC 133.1% 229.8% 132.4% 196.1% 195.2% 123.8% 258.5% -22.2% 6.6% -38% -36.1% -43.9% -20.8% -39.8% -24.8% -27.2% -32.2% -34% -30.5% -28.7% -37.6%
Q2 2025/24 Q2 2025/23 Full year 2024/18
30

31. TFWP by Region of Citizenship—2018-25
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
2018-Q1 2018-Q4 2019-Q3 2020-Q2 2021-Q1 2021-Q4 2022-Q3 2023-Q2 2024-Q1 2024-Q4
Americas Asia Europe Africa Oceania
31

32. TFWP by Citizenship
Q2 Comparison: 2025/24, 2025/23, Full year 2024/18 Ordered by 2018 base year
-125%
0%
125%
250%
375%
500%
Mexico JamaicaGuatemalaPhilippinesIndia Korea USA UK China France 347.3% 400.5% 36.1% -25.4% -13.4% 445.6% 158.7% 113.8% 0.5% 49.1% -5.4% -26.3% -10.5% -3.8% -52.7% 6.2% -31.8% 13.8% -8.7% -5.2% -9.2% -47.1% -28.4% -3.8% -38.4% -20.4% -30.4% 4.8% 5.2% 5.8%
Q2 2025/24 Q2 2025/23 Full year 2024/18
32

33. TFWP by Province
Q2 Comparison: 2025/24, 2025/23, Full year 2024/18 Ordered by 2018 base year
-100%
0%
100%
200%
300%
400%
Atlantic QC ON MB SK AB BC 82% 253.7% 318.5% 313.6% 72.2% 223.6% 148% -10.1% -12.7% 33.6% -2.9% -1.4% -15.1% -20.6% -3.6% -22.6% -8.3% -21.6% -4.2% -9% -15.7%
Q2 2025/24 Q2 2025/23 Full year 2024/18
33

34. TFWP by NOC Level—2018-24
Percentage
25%
50%
75%
100%
2018-12018-72019-12019-72020-12020-72021-12021-72022-12022-72023-12023-72024-12024-7
A (0, 1) B (2, 3) C (4,5) D (6,7)
34

35. TFWP by NOC Sector—2018-24
Percentage
30%
60%
90%
120%
2018-12018-72019-12019-72020-12020-72021-12021-72022-12022-72023-12023-72024-12024-7
Management Business & Admin Sciences Health
Education & Govt Arts culture & Sport Sales & serviceTrades, transport
Natural resources, agricultureManufacturing & utilities
35

36. TFWP by NOC Level
Full-Year Comparisons: 2024/23, 2024/22, 2024/18
-350%
0%
350%
700%
1,050%
1,400%
A (0, 1) B (2, 3) C (4,5) D (6,7) 1,322.1% -43.1% 375.1% 92.4% 375.6% -56.8% 73.1% -10.9% 41.6% -47.2% 2.3% -26.2%
2024/23 2024/22 2024/18
36

37. Study Permits
37

38. Study Permit Applications—By Region—2018-25
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
2018-Q1 2018-Q4 2019-Q3 2020-Q2 2021-Q1 2021-Q4 2022-Q3 2023-Q2 2024-Q1 2024-Q4
Asia Africa Americas Europe Oceania
38

39. Study Permit Holders—By Level—2018-25
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
2018-Q12018-Q42019-Q32020-Q22021-Q12021-Q42022-Q32023-Q22024-Q12024-Q4
Secondary or less Post Secondary Other Studies
39

40. Study Permit Holders—By Region—2018-25
0%
7,500,000%
15,000,000%
22,500,000%
30,000,000%
2018-Q1 2018-Q4 2019-Q3 2020-Q2 2021-Q1 2021-Q4 2022-Q3 2023-Q2 2024-Q1 2024-Q4
Asia Africa Americas Europe Oceania
40

41. Study Permit Holders by Citizenship
Q2 Comparison: 2025/24, 2025/23, Full year 2024/18
Top 10 Countries — Ordered by Number of Permits, 2018 base year
-100%
0%
100%
200%
300%
400%
IndiaChina KoreaFranceVietnamBrazil Iran Japan USA Nigeria 312.5% 6.5% -8.3% 57.7% -33.5% -13.4% 4.4% -50.8% -33.6% 78.3% -54% -31.7% -59.6% -51.8% -49.4% -43.7% -58.9% -61.6% -54% -74.8% -43.6% -14.1% -30.2% -41.8% -24.6% -39.7% -47.5% -42.4% -57.4% -68%
Q2 2025/24 Q2 2025/23 Full year 2024/18
41

42. Study Permit Holders by Province
Q2 Comparison: 2025/24, 2025/23, Full year 2024/18
-90%
-60%
-30%
0%
30%
60%
90%
120%
Atlantic QC ON MB SK AB BC 23.8% 111.1% 64.2% 25.7% 43.5% 68.2% 38.4% -62.5% -21.4% -48.2% -45.0% -70.6% -42.7% -53.6% -53.0% -44.0% -43.4% -33.9% -63.0% -42.7% -35.8%
Q2 2025/24 Q2 2025/23 Full year 2024/18
42

43. Settlement Services
43

44. Settlement—By Service—2018-24
Pre-Arrival and In Canada Services
68,750
137,500
206,250
275,000
2018-12018-72019-12019-72020-12020-72021-12021-72022-12022-72023-12023-72024-12024-7
Information & Orientation ServicesNeeds & Assets Assessment, Referrals Language Training Language Assessment
Employment Related Services Community Connections Resettlement Assistance Service Delivery Improvement
44

45. Settlement Services—2018-24
25%
50%
75%
100%
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 10.3% 10.1% 10.2% 9.8% 9.1% 10.2% 10.3% 13.5% 14% 14.4% 15.2% 9.1% 13.9% 13.7% 24.8% 22.4% 21.7% 21.3% 26.8% 24.2% 25.1% 41% 42.1% 43.1% 42.9% 42.6% 41.6% 41.3%
Information & Orientation Language Training Language Assessment
Needs/Assets Assessment & Referrals Community Connections Employment Related
Resettlement Assistance Service Delivery45

46. Settlement Services
Annual Comparisons: 2024/23, 2024/22, Full year 2024/18
Information & Orientation
Language Training
Language Assessment
Needs/Assets Assessment
Community Connections
Employment Related
Resettlement Assistance
-20% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 42.7% 72.4% 34.9% 33.1% 25.7% 33.6% 34.4% 8.9% 52.5% 33.6% 24.1% 22.6% 50.7% 25.6% -6.9% 9.4% 8.8% 2.6% -10.0% 18.1% 4.0%
2024/23 2024/22 2024/18
46

47. Settlement Services—By Region—2022-24
Top 25 Countries
25%
50%
75%
100%
2018-22018-82019-22019-82020-22020-82021-22021-82022-22022-82023-22023-82024-22024-8
Asia Africa Americas Europe
47
Ukraine accounts for the sharp increase in Europe

48. Settlement Services by Citizenship
Annual Comparisons: 2024/23, 2024/22, Full year 2024/18
Top 10 2028-24
-450%
0%
450%
900%
1,350%
1,800%
AfghanistanSyria ChinaUkraineIndiaEritreaPhilippinesPakistanSomaliaCongo, DRC 80.5% 101.3% 2.5% -38.2% 94.6% 8% 1,717.2% -17.9% -37.8% 853.4% 93.9% 45.8% 8.2% -3.9% 60.4% 9.2% 148.5% 1.6% -5.2% 46.9% 30.6% 22% 0.5% 0.7% 31.3% -2.1% -4.2% -3.2% -3.1% 12%
2024/23 2024/22 Full year 2024/18
48

49. Settlement Services
Annual Comparisons: 2024/23, 2024/22, Full year 2024/18
-45%
-22.5%
0%
22.5%
45%
67.5%
90%
Atlantic QC ON MB SK AB BC 33.5% 33% 30.8% 9.4% 44.3% -37% 84.2% 33.5% 33.0% 16.5% 24.1% 35.2% -9.0% 48.9% 8.9% 5.4% -1.1% 0.0% 9.3% -7.8% 8.5%
2024/23 2024/22 2024/18
49

50. Citizenship
50

51. Citizenship Applications—2018-24
25,000
50,000
75,000
100,000
2018-Q1 2018-Q4 2019-Q3 2020-Q2 2021-Q1 2021-Q4 2022-Q3 2023-Q2 2024-Q1 2024-Q4
Number: Red line is quarterly moving average
51

52. New Citizens—By Region of Birth—2018-25
Numbers
30,000
60,000
90,000
120,000
2018-Q1 2018-Q4 2019-Q3 2020-Q2 2021-Q1 2021-Q4 2022-Q3 2023-Q2 2024-Q1 2024-Q4
Asia Africa Americas Europe Oceania
52

53. New Citizens—By Region of Birth—2018-25
Percentage
25%
50%
75%
100%
2018-Q1 2018-Q4 2019-Q3 2020-Q2 2021-Q1 2021-Q4 2022-Q3 2023-Q2 2024-Q1 2024-Q4
Asia Africa Americas Europe Oceania
53

54. Citizenship by Country of Birth
Q2 Comparison: 2025/24, 2025/23, Full year 2024/18
-200%
-50%
100%
250%
400%
PhilippinesIndia Iran China PakistanNigeria USA Egypt Iraq France 140.6% -8.8% -19.1% 122.2% 199.8% 14.5% 43.5% 2.9% 350.4% 92.1% 65.9% -63.6% -65.3% -8.1% -31.4% -57.6% -23.2% -33.9% -21.2% -30.1% -8.6% -50.4% -58.5% -29.4% -27.1% -54.9% -45% -42.3% -32.2% -37%
Q2 2025/24 Q2 2025/23 Full year 2024/18
54

55. Approved Visitor Visas
55

56. Visitor Visas—By Source Country—2018-25
150,000
300,000
450,000
600,000
2018-Q1 2018-Q4 2019-Q3 2020-Q2 2021-Q1 2021-Q4 2022-Q3 2023-Q2 2024-Q1 2024-Q4
Asia Americas Africa Europe Oceania Other
56

57. Visitor Visas—By Source Country
Q2 Comparison: 2025/24, 2025/23, Full year 2024/18
Top 10 Countries—Ordered by 2018 base year
-90%
-60%
-30%
0%
30%
60%
90%
120%
China IndiaPhilippinesIran BrazilVietnamColombiaAlgeriaPakistanRussia -31% 64% 111.7% 100.3% -8% -42.6% -34.8% -3.4% 58% -45.6% -43.1% -53.5% -74.2% 22.7% -59.2% 30% -63.7% -71% -50.4% -4.2% -19.8% -22.5% -38.1% -18.8% -34.2% 15.1% -38.5% -58.2% -49.2% -10.8%
Q2 2025/24 Q2 2025/23 2024/18
57

58. Research Questions
58
•Which programs contracted most quickly and which source countries
were most affected? Similarly, which programs and source countries
recovered more quickly?
•Did application success rates vary pre- and post-COVID by source
country?
•Were exogenous factors such as US immigration restrictions or
tensions with China a factor?
•Did interest in immigrating to Canada increase or decrease and for
which countries?

59. Annex
59

60. Top Countries Share of Total (2018)
10 Countries 25 Countries
Permanent Residents 60.9% 77.7%
IMP 70.8% 86.4%
TFWP 85.2% 93.2%
Study Permits 70.3% 73.8%
Asylum Claimants 57.4% 77.4%
Citizenship 50.3% 71.5%
60

61. Top Countries (2018)
Permanent
Residents
IMP TFWP Students Settlement Citizenship
India 69,980India 55,610Mexico 28,860India 107,105Syria 15,530Philippines19,647
Philippines35,050USA 26,540Jamaica 10,200China 85,100Eritrea 11,865India 19,486
China 29,710Finland 23,445Guatemala 9,810Korea 16,875Congo 11,355Iran 10,037
Syria 12,045China 21,910Philippines8,750Vietnam 12,370Somalia 10,785PRC 9,718
Nigeria 10,920UK 11,205India 7,380Iran 7,040Afghanistan9,550Pakistan 9,406
USA 10,905Australia 8,850Korea 1,960Japan 6,685India 9,035Nigeria 4,398
Pakistan 9,490Ireland 8,675USA 1,850Bangladesh4,155Pakistan 8,360USA 4,229
France 6,175Korea 8,105UK 940Philippines4,075Korea of 7,775Egypt 4,115
Eritrea 5,695Brazil 8,080China 935Taiwan 3,160Mexico 7,640Iraq 3,951
UK 5,660Japan 7,250France 915
Saudi
Arabia
2,870Philippines6,995France 3,836
61

62. Data Sources
•PRs: Canada - Admissions of Permanent Residents by Province/Territory of Intended Destination and Immigration Category, Canada - Admissions of
Permanent Residents by Country of Citizenship, COVID Immigration Impact - PR Applications Source Countries
•TR to Permanent Resident transition: Canada – Admissions of Permanent Residents with Prior Post-graduate Work Permit Holder Status by Province/Territory of Intended Destination and Immigration
Category, Canada – Admissions of Permanent Residents with Prior International Mobility Program Work Permit Holder Status by Province/Territory of Intended Destination and Immigration Category,
Canada – Admissions of Permanent Residents with Prior Study Permit Holder Status by Province/Territory of Intended Destination and Immigration Category, Canada – Admissions of Permanent
Residents with Prior Temporary Foreign Worker Program Work Permit Holder Status by Province/Territory of Intended Destination and Immigration Category
•Asylum Claimants: Canada - Asylum Claimants by Claim Office Type, Province/Territory* of Claim and Claim Year, Canada - Asylum Claimants by Top Twenty-Five Countries of Citizenship (2019 ranking),
Claim Office Type and Claim Year
•TRs: Canada - International Mobility Program (IMP) work permit holders by province/territory of intended destination, program and year in which permit(s)
became effective, Canada - Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP) work permit holders by province/territory of intended destination, program and year
in which permit(s) became effective, Canada – International Mobility Program work permit holders by country of citizenship and year in which permit(s)
became effective, Canada – Temporary Foreign Worker Program work permit holders by country of citizenship and year in which permit(s) became effective
•Study Permits: Canada - Study permit holders by country of citizenship and year in which permit(s) became effective, Canada - Study permit holders by
province/territory of intended destination, study level and year in which permit(s) became effective, Source Countries - Applications Processed by IRCC for
New Study Permit Applications
•Settlement Services: Special request IRCC data table
•Citizenship: Source Countries (Country of Birth) - New Canadian Citizens (in Persons) by Month
•Web: Provided by IRCC
•2018 is used as baseline
62