Cpr new

CPR

1. PRESENTED BY MR. ROMAN BAJRANG BASIC BS.C NURSING 2 ND YEAR RELIANCE INSTITUTE OF NURSING

2. CARDIO- PULMONARY RESUSCITATION

3. INTRODUCTION CARDIO-PULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR) IS A TECHNIQUE OF BASIC LIFE SUPPORT FOR OXYGENATING THE BRAIN AND HEART UNTIL APPROPRIATE DEFINITIVE MEDICAL TREATMENT CAN RESTORE NORMAL HEART AND VENTILATORY ACTION. CARDIO-PULMONARY RESUSCITATION TECHNIQUES ARE USED TO ARTIFICIALLY MAINTAIN BOTH CIRCULATION AND VENTILATION IN PERSONS SUFFERING FROM CARDIAC ARREST. 

4. IT INVOLVES EXTERNAL CARDIAC MASSAGE (MANUAL HEART COMPRESSIONS). ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION BY EITHER MOUTH TO MOUTH, MOUTH TO NOSE OR MOUTH TO AIRWAY TECHNIQUES. MANAGEMENT OF FOREIGN BODY OR AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION, CRICOTHYROIDOTOMY MAY BE NECESSARY TO OPEN THE AIRWAY BEFORE CPR CAN BE PERFORMED. 

5. DEFINITION ACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY CPR IS BASIC EMERGENCY PROCEDURE OF ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION AND MANUAL EXTERNAL CARDIAC MASSAGE. ACCORDING TO SR. NANCY VOL 2 CARDIO PULMONARY RESUSCITATION: IS A TECHNIQUE OF BASIC LIFE SUPPORT FOR OXYGENATING THE BRAIN AND HEART UNTIL APPROPRIATE ( PERFECT) DEFINITIVE (NISHCHIT RUP SE) MEDICAL TREATMENT CAN RESTORE NORMAL HEART AND VENTILATORY ACTION.

6. “ ACCORDING TO BAILLIERS NURSES DICTIONARY ” Cardiopulmonary resuscitation {C.P.R} provides blood flow to vital organ until effective circulation can be unresponsiveness, lack of pulse and respiration , the protocol for basic life support is initiated.

7. ACCORDING TO KRUMHOLZ :- cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) the manual application of chest compressions and ventilations to patients in cardiac arrest ,,,, ACCORDING TO LUCKMAAN An emergency procedure, often employed after cardiac arrest, in which cardiac massage, artificial respiration, and drugs are used to maintain the circulation of oxygenated blood to the brain.

8. PRINCIPLES OF CPR TO RESTORE EFFECTIVE CIRCULATION AND VENTILATION. TO PREVENT IRREVERSIBLE CEREBRAL DAMAGE DUE TO ANOXIA, WHEN THE HEART FAILS TO MANTAIN THE CEREBRAL CIRCULATION FOR APPROXIMATELY FOUR MINUTES THE BRAIN MAY SUFFER IRREVERSIVLE DAMAGE.

9. PURPOSE OF CPR A –To maintain an open and clean airway B - To maintain breathing by artificial ventilation C - To maintain blood circulation by external cardiac massage To save life of the patient. To provide basic life support till medical and advanced life support arrives (prapt krna).

10. INDICATION  1) CARDIAC ARREST : a sudden, sometimes temporary, cessation (stoping of some action)of the heart's functioning. ) 

11. A : VENTTRICULAR FIBRILLATION ( V F ) is an abnormally irregular heart rhythm caused by rapid, uncoordinated fluttering ( dhadkana) contractions of the ventricles - the lower ...

12. B : ASYTOLE:-  a condition in which the heart ceases to beat. C : PULSELESS ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY is a clinical condition characterized by unresponsiveness and lack of palpable pulse in the presence of organized cardiac electrical activity . Pulseless electrical activity

13. 2 ) RESPIRATORY ARREST ( LUNGS ACTION STOPPING )

14. A : DROWNING- to die under water or other liquid of suffocation.  B : STROKE - The sudden death of brain cells due to lack of oxygen, caused by blockage of blood flow or rupture of an artery to the brain. Sudden loss of speech, weakness, or paralysis of one side of the body can be symptoms . C : FOREIGN BODY IN THROAT D : SMOKE INHALATION E : DRUG OVERDOSE         F : ELECTROCUTION OR INJURY BY LIGHTING G : SUFFOCATON H : ACCIDENT INJURY I : COMA J : EPIGLOTTIS PARALYSIS

15. DRUG OVERDOSE SUFFOCATION COMA

16. ARTICALS EQUIPMENT : A TRAY CONTAINING THE FOLLOWING ARTICLES : 1. ENDOTRAECHEAD TUBES OF VARIOUS SIZES (7, 7.5,8). 2. AN AMBU BAG WITH MASK B ) MEGA L ’ S F OR C EP S ( I N A P L A S T I C C O VE R ) U S E FU L IN CLEANING FOREIGN BODIES FROM THE UPPER AIRWAY IN ANESTHETIZED OR UNCONSCIOUS PATIENT     4. A SECTION TUBE OR CATHETER. 5. A) LARYNGOSCOPE WITH DIFFERENT SIZES OF BLADES. NASAL AIRWAY. ORAL AIRWAY. A BOWL WITH GAUZE PIECES. LUBRICATING JELLY.

17. 6. ADHESIVE TYPE WITH SCISSORS. 7. LOCAL ANAESTETIC (DRUG) SPRAY. 8. GLOVES IN COVER. 9. A KIDNEY FRAY. 10. A PAPER BAG. 11. MASKS FOR VARIOUS SIZES. 12. DISPOSABLE SYRINGES WITH NEEDLES. 13. INTRAVENOUS (I/V) SET AND A CUT DOWN SET.

18. OTHERS A) OXYGEN INHALATION (CENTRAL SUPPLY) B) SUCTION POINT (CENTRAL SUPPLY) C) DEFIBRILLATOR. A TRAY CONTAINING EMERGENCY DRUGS. INJECTION ATROPINE DILATED THE PUPILS INCREASES HEART AND REDUCE SALIVATION AND OTHER SECRETION 1. INJECTION ADRENALINE CARDIAC OUT PUT INCREASE. 2. RATE 3. INJECTION DIGOXINE. HELPS MAKE THE HEART BEAT STRONG AND WITH A MORE REGULAR RHYTHM

19. 4. INJECTION SODIUM BICARBONATE. 5. INJECTION DOPAMINE 7. INJECTION DECADRON. 8. INJECTION AVIV 9. INJECTION CALCIUM GLUCONATE. 10. INJECTION LASIX. 11. INJECTION AMINOPHYLINE 12. INJECTION ISOPTIN. 13. INJECTION COMPOSE.( DIAZEPAM- ANXIETY AND MUSCLES SPASM 14. INJECTION 20% DEXTROSE. 15. INJECTION DERIPHYDINE. 16. SYRINGES WITH NEEDLES. 17. CANNULAS ON COTTON PAD. 18. GLOVES IN COVER. 

20. ACCORDING TO METHOD OF ADMINISTRATION MOUTH TO MOUTH MOUTH TO STOMA MOUTH TO NOSE ACCORDING TO METHOD OF ADMI N I ST RA TION

21. MOUTH TO MOUTH RESUSCITATION

22. MOUTH TO MOUTH RESUSCITATION A FROM ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION IS ACT OF ASSISTING OR STIMULATING RESPIRATION A METABOLIC PROCESS REFERRING TO THE OVERALL EXCANGE OF GASES IN THE BODY WHERE A RESCUER PRESSES HIS & HER MOUTH AGAINST THAT OF THE VICTIM AND BLOWS AIR INTO THE PERSON LUNGS.

23. MOUTH TO NOSE THE VICTIM’S MOUTH OR NOSE OR INTO A MASK FITTED OVER THE VICTIM’S MOUTH

24. MOUTH TO MASK

25. Mouth to stoma TO PERFORM RESCURE BREATHS MAKE AN AIRTIGHT SEAL WITH ARIFICIAL AIRWAY AROUND THE STOMA OR TRACHEOSTOMY TUBE .

26. CLINICAL INDICATION FOR CPR DILATED PUPILS. ABSENCE OF CAROTID AND FEMORAL PULSE. ABSENCE OF HEART RATE. IMMEDIATE LOSS OF CONCIOUSNESS. APNOEA. Temporary cessation of breathing especially during sleep

27. STEPS IN CPR Approach safely Check response Shout for help Open airway Check breathing 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths Recovery Position

28. Shake shoulders gently Ask “Are you all right?” If he responds Leave as you find him. Find out what is wrong. Reassess regularly. CHECK RESPONSE

29. CHECK BREATHING Look, listen and feel for NORMAL breathing and carotid artery not more than 10 seconds. Look for chest movement. Listen at the victim's mouth for breath sounds. Feel for air on your check. Check carotid artery

30. CHEST COMPRESSIONS Lock e lb o w s, m a in t a in ar m s straight an d s h o u ld e rs di r ect l y o v er hand s o n t h e pa ti en t ’ s sternum. - compress chest 3-5 cms. (1½-2 inches)

31. RESCUE BREATHS

32. CONTINUE CPR 30 2

33. Check the victim for a response. Re c o v e ry position Shout for help 2 rescue breaths Open the airway, look, listen & feel R e c o v e ry position Assess circulation Chest co m p r ess ions 30:2 Continue breathing Responsive Not r e s p o ndin g No breathing Breathing normally No pulse Pulse present Lets revise