cream-170204113026.pdf

creams

1. Mr.R.R.Patil
Dr.Shivajirao Kadam College of Pharmacy,
Kasabe digraj, Sangli.

2. Creamsaredefinesas“asemisoliddosage
formcontainingoneormoredrugsubstances
dissolvedordispersedinasuitablebase”
Creamsaresemi-solidemulsionsofoiland
water.
Theyareofasofterconsistency&lighter
bodythantrueointment.
semisolidemulsionsofeitherO/WorW/O
type.

3. Oil in Water (O/W) Cream
Water in Oil (W/O) Cream

4. oil-in-water(O/W)creamswhicharecomposedofsmall
dropletsofoildispersedinacontinuousphase.
Morecomfortableandcosmeticallyacceptableastheyare
lessgreasyandmoreeasilywashedoffusingwater.
Emulsifyingagentsofnaturalorigins(beeswax,wool
alcohols,woolfat).
Emollientandcreamy,whiteortranslucentandstiff.
E.g. Vanishing Cream

5. water-in-oil(W/O)creamswhicharecomposedof
smalldropletsofwaterdispersedinacontinuous
oilyphase.
Moredifficulttohandlebutmanydrugswhichare
incorporatedintocreamsarehydrophobicandwill
bereleasedmorereadilyfromaW/Ocreamthan
anO/Wcream.
Moremoisturizingastheyprovideanoilybarrier
whichreduceswaterlossfromthestratum
corneum,theoutermostlayeroftheskin.
e.g. Cold Cream

6. COSMETICCREAMS
Allpurposecream,babycream,barriercream,
bleachingcream,cleansingcream,coldcream,
haircream,handcream,vanishingcream.
MEDICATEDCREAMS
Medicated creams arecontains active
pharmaceuticalingredients.
e.g.Cetrimidecreamusedasantiseptic.
Zincoxidecreamusedasastringent.
Hydrocortisonecream-treatrasheslike
poisonoakorpoisonivy


7. Preparationoftheoilphase:Flake/powderingredients,
sometimesdryblendedinadvance,aredispersedinto
mineraloilorsiliconeoil.Heatingmayberequiredto
meltsomeingredients.
Hydrationofaqueousphaseingredients:Emulsifiers,
thickenersandstabilizersaredispersedintowaterina
separatevessel.Heatingmayberequiredtoaccelerate
hydration.
FormingtheEmulsion:Thetwophasesareblended
undervigorousagitationtoformtheemulsion.
DispersionoftheActiveIngredient:Theactiveingredient
oftenmakesuponlyasmallproportionofthe
formulation;thismustbeefficientlydispersedto
maximizeyieldandproducteffectiveness.

8. Theygivesprolongcontactintheirsiteof
applicationthananyotherpharmaceuticalsemi-
soliddosageforms.
Injuredareacanbedriedquicklybycreamsthan
othersemi-solidpreparations.
Non-irritatingwhenappliedtotheskin.
Easilywaterwashable.Easytowipeaway.
Lessgreasycomparedtoointment.
Easytospreadontheskin'ssurface(i.e.easyto
apply).

9. Stability is not as good as ointment.
They are less hydrophobic than other semi-
solid preparation, so risk of contamination is
high than the others.

10. Itshouldliquefyatbodytemperature.
Itshouldpenetratetheepidermis(vianatural
opening).
Itsviscosityshouldbelowenoughtopermiteasy
spreading.
Itshouldbenon-toxic.
Itshouldbenon-irritant.
Itshouldbenon-inflammatory.

11. pH of the cream
Viscosity
Rheological behavioral of the cream
Determination of type of emulsion
i. Dilution test
ii. Dye solubility test

12. ThepHofvariousformulationswasdetermined
byusingdigitalpHmeter.
About1gmofthecreamwasweighedand
dissolvedin100mlofdistilledwaterandstored
fortwohours.
ThemeasurementofpHofeachformulationwas
doneintriplicateandaveragevalueswere
calculated.

13. Viscosityoftheformulationwasdeterminedby
BrookfieldViscometer.
At20rpmatatemperatureof25
o
Candthe
determinationswerecarriedoutintriplicateand
theaverageofthreereadingswasrecorded.

14. Therheologicalpropertywasdeterminedto
knowtheflowbehaviorofformulation.
Theviscosityatdifferentrpmswasmeasured
usingBrookfieldviscometer.
Therheologicalbehavioroftheformulationwas
studiedbytaking100gofthecreaminthe
beaker.

15. Therateofshearwasincreasedgradually
from minimum tomaximum and
correspondingdialreadingwasnoted;then,
therateofshearwasdecreasedgraduallyto
thelowestvalueandthedialreadingwas
recorded.
Thegraphwasplottedbetweenpercent
torqueandviscositytodeterminetypeof
flow.

16. Globule size
Phase separation
Moisture absorption studies
Shelf life
Spreadability

17. 1mlofcreamwasdilutedto10mlwith
glycerin.
Afewdropsofthisweretransferredontoa
glassslideandwasfocusedinamicroscope.
Byusingeyepiecemicrometer,thediameters
of200particlesweredeterminedrandomly.

18. The formulated cream was kept intact in a
closed container at 25 -30
0
C not exposed to
light.
Phase separation was observed carefully every
24 hrs for 30 days.
Any change in phase separation was checked.

19. About 50 mg of cream was taken on a watch
glass.
Abeakerwastakenwithfullofwaterandwas
keptinadesiccatorwithoutadsorbents.
Watch glass with cream was
introduced into the desiccator.
It was left for 24 hrs.

20. Theformulatedproductwasstoredindifferent
temperatureconditionslikeroomtemperature,
45
0
Cand55
0
Ctoacceleratedegradationfor
1month.
Sampleswerewithdrawnperiodicallyeveryweek
andobservedfordrugdecompositionbytaking
theabsorbanceunderUVspectrophotometer.
Fromtheconcentrations,andthetemperatures,
theshelflifeoftheproductcanbeestimated.

21. TheSpreadabilitywasexpressedintermsof
timeinseconds.
Taketwoslidestoslipofffromthecream,
placedinbetweentheslides,undercertainload.
Lesserthetimetakenforseparationofthetwo
slides,bettertheSpreadability.