CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)

This Lecture is presented by our volunteer Talha Saleem, he is from Karachi Pakistan, and he is covering CRISPR topic.
For video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lSp1j0dRfjQ&t=88s

1. CRISPR Presented by: Talha Saleem

2. Introduction 1 Genome Editing and CRISPR

3. Genome editing Also called gene editing Allow genetic material to be added, removed, or altered at particular locations in the genome A well-known one is called CRISPR-Cas9

4. Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats What is CRISPR?

5. Hallmark of a bacterial defense system that forms the basis for CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology i.e. CRISPR-Cas9 and -CPF1 Other systems are now available, such as CRISPR-Cas13’s i.e. SHERLOCK

6. History 2 Discovery of CRISPR

7. First discovered in archaea by Francisco Mojica Bacterial immune system Repeating sequences of genetic code, interrupted by “spacer” sequences

8. Pros of CRISPR Cas-9 3 Why CRISPR?

9. Why CRISPR Cas-9 Faster Cheaper More Accurate More Efficient than other genome editing methods

10. CRISPR Working 4 Explanation of how CRISPR works

11. CRISPR Working CRISPR “spacer” sequences are transcribed into short RNA sequences Detection of target DNA Cas9 – one of the enzymes produced by the CRISPR system Binds to the DNA and cuts it

12. Comparison of CRISPR 5 Comparison of CRISPR with other genomic tools and with its system

13. Comparison of CRISPR Cas-9 with other genomic tools CRISPR Cas-9 Other genomic tools Capable of cutting DNA strands Can also easily be matched with tailor-made “guide” RNA (gRNA) sequences Used to target multiple genes simultaneously

14. Uses of CRISPR 6 Uses

15. A rapid diagnostic Quickly create cell and animal models Enhance metabolic pathways Resistance to herbicides

16. Cons of CRISPR Cas-9 7 Disadvantages

17. Unwanted genetic changes Gene site selection Ethical Issues Genomic Instability

18. Future Perspectives 8

19. FUTURE PERSPECTIVE Cancer biology Genetic disorders ranging from sickle cell disease to blindness Experiment with gene-edited mosquitos To withstand climate change

20. References https://www.broadinstitute.org/what-broad/areas-focus/project-spotlight/questions-and-answers-about-crispr#:~:text=A%3A%20CRISPR%20genome%20editing%20allows,developed%20as%20a%20rapid%20diagnostic https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/understanding/genomicresearch/genomeediting/ https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2020.00056/full https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8178582/ https://www.aamc.org/news-insights/future-crispr-now

21. THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME AND ATTENTION! ANY QUESTIONS?