Critical Reading as Reasoning By Violeta C. Nunez, Ph.DElang
Identifying Assertions Assertions are declarative sentences that claim something is true about something else. Simply put, it is a sentence that is either true or false.
Formulating Counterclaims To be an effective critical thinker it is not enough just to be able to identify claims and assertions.
Formulating Counterclaims The ability to analyze an argument is essential to understanding the text more deeply, but understanding the claim is not the only facet of the argument. You must also learn how to analyze the counterclaims and evidence provided by the text. Being able to recognize and formulate counterclaims in reaction to an argument is a characteristic of a good critical reader.
Formulating Counterclaims Counterclaims are claims made to rebut a previous claim.
Formulating Counterclaims They provide a contrasting perspective to the main argument. By being able to locate and provide counterclaims to an argument, you show a deep competence and familiarity with thewriter’s topic.
Formulating Counterclaims It shows that you are examining different perspectives and not just passively accepting the writer’s claim. It shows that you have thoroughly considered the topic, and are willing to engage different viewpoints from your own, thus remaining objective. It also helps you clarify what your personal position is on the topic.
D etermining Textual Evidence Evidence is defined as the details given by the author to support his/her claim. The evidence provided by the writer substantiates the text. It reveals and builds on the position of the writer and makes the reading more interesting. Evidence is crucial in swaying the reader to your side.