Cucumber Mosiac Virus K R. pptx

Cucumber Mosiac Virus K R.pptx

1. CUCUMBER MOSAIC DISEASE K R MICRO NOTES 1

2. CUCUMBER MOSAIC VIRUS ( CMV ) HOST : Cucumber DISEASE: Mosaic PATHOGEN: Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) SYNONYMS : Cucumber yellow mosaic virus, Cucumis virus, and Marmor cucumeris . K R MICRO NOTES 2

3. Electron micrograph of purified CMV particles stained with uranyl acetate. (Photo courtesy of J. W. Randles). One centimeter equals 100 nm. K R MICRO NOTES 3

4. VIRUS CLASSIFICATION FAMILY: Bromoviridae GENUS: Cucumovirus SPECIES: Cucumber mosaic virus PATHOGEN CMV is a linear positive sense single stranded RNA virus. It consists of 3 spherical particle each approx. 28nm in diameter. Each RNA molecule is enclosed within a protective protein coat. K R MICRO NOTES 4

5. INTRODUCTION Cucumber mosaic disease is caused by  Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Most widespread & destructive pathogen of cucumbers, muskmelon and squash, Commonly known as cucurbits. Found worldwide and infects various plants including vegetables, flowers and weeds. Early infections through floral crops which harbour virus. https://gardenplannerwebsites.azureedge.net/diseases/cucumber-mosaic-virus.jpg https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/disandpath/viral/pdlessons/Article%20Images/CucumberMosaic01.jpg K R MICRO NOTES 5

6. OTHER HOST PLANTS : Cucurbits (summer squash, pumpkin, watermelon). Spinach Lettuce Chilli Celery Beans K R MICRO NOTES 6

7. REPORTED CMV was first described in detail in 1916 on cucumber by deolittle and jagger. Worldwide distribution Spread very easily and cause severe damage to the host. CMV infects 1200 species in over 100 families and can cause significant economic losses in many vegetables and ornamentals. K R MICRO NOTES 7

8. SYMPTOMS Plants can be infected at any stage –if seedling become infected they turn yellow and die. Infected plant shows cupping of leaves downwards. Yellow mottling and leaf distortion. Stunting of plants, shortened internodes and petioles. Gives bushy growth to plants. Fruits are covered with bumpy protrusion. Mottled yellowish green area can be seen in fruit. Severely affected cucumber fruit may be almost entirely white, which is called “white pickle”. https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/disandpath/viral/pdlessons/Pages/Cucumbermosaic.aspx https://www.growveg.com/plant-diseases/us-and-canada/cucumber-mosaic-virus/ K R MICRO NOTES 8

9. K R MICRO NOTES 9

10. VECTOR The virus is transmitted by more than 60 species of Aphids, by seeds and dodder. Aphids transmit the virus in non - persistent manner. Common species are : Aphis gossypii Aphis craccivora Myzus persicae http://aphid.aphidnet.org/images/Aphis_gossypii/life2_big.jpg K R MICRO NOTES 10

11. SPREAD AND SURVIVAL Perennation : The Virus can survive over winter in perennial weeds, flowers and often crop plant by surviving in roots. Primary infection : In the spring the virus grows with plants and emerges in top leaves, Where it is picked by aphids and Carried to their host and spread the disease. Secondary Infection : During the growing season, disease usually occurs by insects and man. The virus is transmitted from infected plant to healthy plants by aphids, Mechanical methods, sap, clothes and hands of workers. K R MICRO NOTES 11

12. INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGEMENT There is no perfect control for this virus. Removing weeds and diseased plants from fields can reduce the chance of infection. Early planting of crops reduce aphids infestation. Spray Dimetoate at 2ml/L or Monocrotophos at 1.5ml/L to control insect vectors. Spray of mineral oil on the plants to control Aphids. Most effective method of control of common mosaic on cucumber is planting resistant varieties. Marketmore 70. Gemini F1 Sweet Slice, and Pioneer, Spartan. Valor, and Sulty K R MICRO NOTES 12

13. REFERENCES Ainsworth GC. Mosaic diseases of the cucumber. Annals of Applied Biology. 1935 Feb;22(1):55-67. Palukaitis P, Roossinck MJ, Dietzgen RG, Francki RI. Cucumber mosaic virus. Advances in virus research. 1992 Jan 1;41:281-348. https://slideplayer.com/slide/6817344/cucumber mosaic disease. https://youtu.be/Tb2WUnYHJIk http://aphid.aphidnet.org/images/Aphis_gossypii/life2_big.jpg https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/disandpath/viral/pdlessons/Article%20Images/CucumberMosaic01.jpg https://www.growveg.com/plant-diseases/us-and-canada/cucumber-mosaic-virus/ K R MICRO NOTES 13

14. K R MICRO NOTES 14