Current trends in DBMS

1. Current trends in database GROUP 7 Swatanu Pankaj Rajeev Ramchand Nitin Vipender Dipakshi Nishant

2. Definition Data base management system is a system in which “related data” is stored in an “efficient” and “compact” manner. “ Efficient ”=data which is stored in the DBMS is accessed in very quick time “ compact ” =means that the data which is stored in DBMS covers very little space in the computer‘s memory “ related data “= the data which is stored in the DBMS is about some particular topic.

3. A DBMS is a set of software programs that controls the organization, storage, management, and retrieval of data in a database . The DBMS accepts requests for data from an application program and instructs the operating system to transfer the appropriate data . In large systems, a DBMS allows users and other software to store and retrieve data in a structured way . Many DBMS packages provide Fourth-generation programming language (4GLs) and other application development features.

4. Database servers are computers that hold the actual databases and run only the DBMS and related software. Database servers are usually multiprocessor computers, with generous memory and RAID disk arrays used for stable storage. Database Servers

5. History of DBMS 1960 – First DBMS by Charles Bachman at GE IBMs Information Management System (IMS) 1970 – E.F Codd introduced the RDBMS 1980 – Relational model became popular and accepted as the main database paradigm. SQL, ANSI SQL, etc. 1980 to 1990 – New data models like ODBMS, ORDBMS powerful query languages, etc. Popular vendors are Oracle, SQL Server, IBM DB2, Informix, etc.

6. Difficulties with RDBMS storage and usage Demand for data in forms other than just text Adoption of e-Business causes rise in online DBMS capacity demand. Growth in e-commerce and enterprise portals ….Creates market for open source DBMS. Demand for access through mobile devices ….Mobile database suites Why changing trends???

7. Multimedia Databases Distributed Database Document-oriented Databases Mobile & embedded Databases What are the current trends ??

8. Multimedia data typically means digital images audio video animation and graphics The acquisition, generation, storage and processing of multimedia data in computers and transmission over networks have grown tremendously in the recent past. Multimedia Databases

9. Contents of MMDB Media data - actual data representing images, audio, video that are captured, digitized, processed, compressed and stored. Media format data - Contains information pertaining to the format of the media data after it goes through the acquisition, processing, and encoding phases. E.g. sampling rate, resolution, frame rate, encoding scheme etc. Multimedia Databases

10. Contents of MMDB 3. Media keyword data ( content descriptive data ) Contains keyword descriptions, relating to the generation of the media data. E.g. , for a video, includes the date, time, place of recording , person who recorded, scene that is recorded etc. Multimedia Databases

11. Contents of MMDB Media feature data( content dependent data ) - Contains the features derived from the media data. A feature characterizes the media contents. E.g. , info about the distribution of colors, the kinds of textures and the different shapes present in an image. Multimedia Databases

12. Querying parameters The media keyword data and media feature data are used as indices for searching purpose. The media format data is used to present the retrieved information. Multimedia Databases

13. Multimedia Databases

14. Some Examples Multimedia Search Engine Multimedia.Lycos.com Search Engine for Sounds Findsounds.com Image Search Google.com e.g. filter image by color Multimedia Databases

15. Multimedia Databases Applications of Multimedia Database Streaming data Interactive video Digital Libraries Image retrieval

16. 1. Streaming data Data stream Data streaming Used generally in Electronics Telecommunications Computer architecture. they require bandwidth, time dependent, no time lag Source and sink Multimedia Databases

17. 1. Streaming Data modes of transmission asynchronous, synchronous, isochronous characteristics time strongly periodic, weakly periodic, aperiodic var. of consecutive packet amount strongly regular, weekly regular, irregular continuity connected data streams, unconnected data streams Multimedia Databases

18. 2. Interactive video The term interactive video usually refers to a technique used to blend interaction and linear film or video. Example Multimedia Databases

19. Interactive video in Multimedia Databases Added text with video

20. 3. Digital Libraries Collections are stored in digital formats ( not as print, or other media ) The digital content may be stored locally, or accessed remotely via computer networks. A digital library is a type of information retrieval system. Example Multimedia Databases

21. Multimedia Databases World Digital Library @ US Library of Congress, Washington D.C.

22. 4. Image Retrieval Multimedia Databases

23. A distributed database is a collection of multiple, logically interrelated databases of the same system distributed over various sites of a computer network. Sometimes "distributed database system" is used to refer jointly to the distributed database and the distributed DBMS. Distributed Databases

24. 2 aspects of a distributed database: 1.Distribution : Data are not resident at the same site, so that we can distinguish a distributed database from a single, centralized database. 2.Logical correlation : Data have some properties which tie them together, so that we can distinguish a distributed database from a set of local databases or files which are resident at different sites of a computer network. Distributed Databases

25. Distributed Databases

26. Examples Cloud computing services All major social and professional networking sites use distributed databases Distributed Databases

27. Each record (document) might have a different format (number and size of fields) Don’t store data in tables with uniform sized fields for each record. Instead, each record is stored as a document that has certain characteristics. Any number of fields of any length can be added to a document. Fields can also contain multiple pieces of data. Document-oriented database

28. A document: FirstName =“Anna“, Address=“Denver“ Hobby="singing" Another document : FirstName =“ Anurag ", Address=“Thane“ Hobby=“dancing” NickName =“ mishra ” Document-oriented database <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?> <Student>   < FirstName > Anna </ FirstName >   <Address> Denver </Address>   <Hobby> singing </Hobby>   </Student> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?> <Student>   < FirstName > Anurag </ FirstName >   <Address> Thane </Address>   <Hobby> dancing </Hobby> < NickName > mishra </Nickname>   </Student> How will the XML Look like How will the XML Look like

29. All XML databases are doc-oriented DBs Apache's CoucheDB is an example of a free & open source document-oriented database There are various other such providers Document-oriented database

30. Many daily-use devices contain databases TVs, washing machines, mobile phones e.g. Android phones with SQLite database Embedded databases in cars, airplanes etc. manage configurations & store sensor data e.g. db4o object database used in BMW Car IT system Mobile & embedded database

31. Data is highly valuable for every business organization. The trends just depict mere examples of what is in store for us in the future.