Curriculum Development Power point Presentation for.pptx

State College of Education Project State Trainging Academy Mirpur for the trainging of PSC and NTS candidates in AJ & K

1. CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT By Hussan Raza

2. Concept of curriculum The word curriculum originates from the Latin Word Currere referring to the oval track upon which Roman chariots raced. The track upon which Roman Chariots raced under Gaives Julius Caesar was the curriculum. If one thinks of a marathon with mile and direction markers, signposts, water stations, and officials and coaches along the route, this beginning definition is a metaphor for what the curriculum has become in the education of our children. The term curriculum was used in: Scotland 1603: carriage way, road United States 1906: course of study United States, 1940: Plan for learning (study) 21 centuries later, we educators will race upon this track, or to rebuild and change and modify this tract

3. Concept of curriculum The term first used in Scotland. Derived from Latin word ‘ currere ’ means ‘to run’ Course to be run for reaching the goal. Teacher is a guide the curriculum is a path. Viewed as a chase with rigidly fixed goals .

4. Concept of curriculum The curriculum field is by no means clear, as a discipline of study and as a field of practice, 'curriculum lacks clean boundaries. Curriculum is like the analogy of the blind men's elephant. It is something different to all who work with it, as they all view it differently. In order to understand the concept and nature of curriculum, let us study few definitions. Curriculum is; Content A set of subjects That which is taught A set of materials

5. Concept of curriculum Conti……. A sequence of courses Sequence of experiences A set of performance objectives A course of study A program of studies A plan for learning. Everything that is planned by school personnel Decisions about educational experiences outcomes and activities

6. DEFINITION Curriculum is a systematic arrangement of the sum total of selected experiences, which is planned by a school or a defined group of students , in order to attain the aim of a particular educational program. Florence Nightingale International Foundation , Basic Nursing Education

7. Prescriptive Definitions The prescriptive definitions, which are arranged chronologically, are as follows : "Curriculum is a continuous reconstruction, moving from the child's present experience out into that represented by the organized bodies of truth that we call studies the various studies are themselves experience. they are that of the race ." (Dewey). "The curriculum is all the learning experiences planned, and directed by the school to attain its educational goal." (Tyler). "By curriculum we mean the planned experiences offered to the leaner under the guidance of the school" (Wheeler):

8. Other concepts of curriculum The curriculum includes all the learners experiences in or outside school that are included in a program ; which has been devised to help him/her developmentally, emotionally, socially, spiritually and morally. Crow and Crow Curriculum include all those activities which are utilized by the school to attain the aims of education. Morroe

9. Cont …. J J GUILBERT viewed curriculum as coordination of different teaching / learning activities to ensure the harmonious functioning of the educational process for more effective training. 4 C’s of curriculum ; Cooperative Continuous Comprehensive Concrete

10. Old Concept of Curriculum How we conceive of the curriculum is important because our conceptions and ways of reasoning about curriculum reflect how we think and talk about, study and act on the education made available to students. In simple diagrams form, this change of emphasis might be represented as follows:

11. New Concept of Curriculum Newer approaches to the curriculum would see the relationship in a much more complicated context This diagram would encourage the view that consideration of curriculum must bear in mind the whole teaching context.

12. New Concept of Curriculum The teacher and how his role is defined By society By his particular school. By his own self-image. What should be taught and how this is influenced by Philosophical ideas of the structure and organization of knowledge The society of knowledge. Psychological factors such as child development and theories of instructions. The Pupil His social background. His ability etc. The concept of curriculum is as dynamic as the changes that occur in society.

13. Term Scope Description Example Subject Narrowest A specific area of knowledge or study within a broader field. Mathematics, History, Biology Course Broader than Subject A unit of teaching that covers a particular subject, usually lasting a semester or term. Algebra I, World History II, Introduction to Biology Syllabus Broader than Course A detailed outline of the topics, objectives, assessments, and materials for a specific course. Syllabus for Algebra I, detailing chapters, assignments, exams, etc. Curriculum Broader than Syllabus The overall content, learning experiences, and assessments designed for an educational program, often encompassing multiple courses. High school mathematics curriculum, including Algebra, Geometry, Calculus Program of Study Broadest A structured set of courses and learning experiences leading to a degree or certification in a specific field of study. Bachelor of Science in Biology, including core courses, electives, and lab work DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SUBJECT, COURSE, CURRICULUM, SYLLABUS & PROGRAME OF STUDY

14. Scope of the Curriculum "Scope can be defined as the level to which a topic can be taught." The scope of the curriculum includes; 1. Program of Studies It refers to various subjects like history, mathematics, Urdu and their teaching. 2. Program of Activities It includes various activities like assembly, drill, a co-curricular activities etc. 3. Program of Guidance It includes helping students to solve their educational, financial, vocational social and personal problems.

15. Characteristics of Curriculum A good curriculum is flexible. It helps in understanding local environment and tradition. It maintain balance between objectives. It helps to achieve all objectives. It maintain continuity of experience. Curriculum plays a part in intellectual development of pupils. It develops social understanding.

16. Components/Elements of Curriculum Components of the curriculum are: 1. Objectives 2 Contents 3 Teaching method 4. Evaluation

17. Components/Elements of Curriculum It is the interaction of there elements in the social, political, economic, technological and environmental context that constitutes a curriculum. Objectives The objectives of a curriculum: is based on the social aspirations of the society. out lines the goals and aims of the program is expressed as goals and objectives Contents They are divided into bodies of knowledge, age, mathematics, English, science. Outlines the desired attitudes and values. Include cherished skills. Is determined by prevailing theories of knowledge. Caters to ideological, vocational and technical considerations.

18. Components/Elements of Curriculum Teaching Methods It includes the teaching activities of the teacher as well as learning experiences of the pupil. It constitutes a significant part. All the contents cannot be taught effectively by one method. Evaluation It judges the value or worth of the curriculum or any components of the curriculum. Objective method can be evaluated in this process.