Cvs drugs

classification of cardiotonic agents

2. Cardiostimulatory drugs (also called
"cardiotonic drugs")
Enhance cardiac function by
◦increasing heart rate (chronotropy)
◦myocardial contractility (inotropy),
◦May increase electrical conduction (dromotropy)
within the heart and
◦augment relaxation (lusitropy).

3. The cardiac effects of these drugs make them
suitable for
◦Heart failure
◦Cardiogenic shock and
◦hypotension.

5. Beta-agonists
Digitalis compounds
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
PDEI
Calcium sensitizers

6. •Beta-agonists are sympathomimetic drugs
that bind to beta-adrenoceptors located in
cardiac nodal tissue, the conducting system,
and contracting myocytes.
β1 receptors induces
◦positive inotropic,
◦chronotropic output of the cardiac muscle, leading
to increased heart rate and blood pressure,
◦secretion of ghrelin from the stomach, and
◦renin release from the kidneys.

7. β2 receptors
◦induces smooth muscle relaxation in the lungs,
gastrointestinal tract, uterus, and various blood
vessels
◦increases heart rate and heart muscle contraction.
β3 receptors
◦are mainly located in adipose tissue.
◦It induces the metabolism of lipids.

8. β
1agonists: stimulates adenylyl cyclase
activity; opening of calcium channel.
Causing cardiac stimulation;
◦used to treat cardiogenic shock, acute heart
failure, bradyarrhythmias.
Selected examples are:
◦Dobutamine,
◦Dopamine
◦Isoproterenol (β
1and β
2)
◦Xamoterol
◦epinephrine (non-selective)

10. These drugs mimic sympathetic stimulation
and increase cardiac output.
are used clinically for short-term treatment of
cardiac failure
Examples
◦Amrinone
◦Milrinone
◦Enoximone.