DALES-CONE-OF-EXPERIENCE- Professional Education

Cone of Experience

1. Edgar Dale’s Cone of Experience

2. Dale’s Cone of Experience The Cone of experience is a learning model that illustrates the concreteness levels of learning experiences based on the medium. It takes a shape of an inverted cone, which shows the abstract learning experience at the peak and progresses into the most concrete experience down to the base.

3. Dale’s Cone of Experience The cone of experience is a pictorial deviced used to explain the interrelationship of the various types of a audio-visual media, as well as their individual “positions” in the learning process. The cone’s utility in selecting instructional resources and activities is as practical today as when Dale created it.

4. Edgar Dale (April 27, 1900 in Benson, Minnesota, – March 8, 1985 in Columbus, Ohio) He was an American educator who developed the Cone of Experience , also known as the Learning Pyramid . He made several contributions to audio and visual instruction , including a methodology for analyzing the content of motion pictures.

5. 1. Verbal Symbols Does not give any visual repressentation of a subject Written words for a concrete object (book), an idea (freedom of speech), a scientific principle, or formula.

6. 2. Visual Symbols Representations o direct reality, which comes in the forms of signs and symbols (drawing, sketches, diagram, charts etc.

7. 3. Recordings, Radio and still Pictures Concretized verbal abstraction Attracts students’ attention

8. 4. Motion Pictures and 5. Educational Televisions Enable learners to process real-life processes/events through on-screen recordings Provides “windows to the world”

9. 6. Exhibits This experience allows student to see the meaning and relevance of things based on the different pictures and representations presented.

10. 7. Study Trips Learning experience through excursions and visits on the different places that are not available inside the classroom.

11. 8. Demonstrations It is a visualize explanation of important fact, idea, or process through the use of pictures, drawings, film and other types of media in order to facilitate clear and effective learning.

12. 9. Dramatized Experiences Learners can participate in a reconstructed experiences that could give them better understanding of the event or of a concept. Learners become more familiar with the concept as they emerge themselves to the “as-if” situation.

13. 10. Contrived Experiences Representative models and mock-ups of reality are being used in order to provide an experience that as close as reality. It provides more concrete experiences that allow visualization that fosters better understanding of the concept

14. 11. D irect Purposeful Experiences More senses are used in order to build up the knowledge. The learner learned by doing things by him/herself. Learning happens through actual hands-on experiences.

15. The Purpose of the Cone of Experience The main purpose of the Cone of Experience is to help identify and select the right audiovisual mediums and resources in teaching initiatives. It is not meant to roadmap for a lesson or convey least effective to most effective learning experience.

16. Dale’s Cone of Experience provides teaching and learning models that allows teachers to understand how to increase the retention rate of learners by involving the learner. It guides the instructors to adopt the right mode of learning practices.