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1. COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS POSTING 2023-BATCH A PROJECT PRESENTATION GROUP 8: HISHAM JEEVANATHAN HARISH JENNA JAYASRI JIVIKA JAYAVEL AMRUTHA PG INCHARGE: DR. SURAIYA FATHIMA

2. FAMILY ADOPTION PROGRAM

3. INDEX Introduction to Family Adoption Program Aims, Objectives and Goals of the Program Methodology Village Mapping Other Programs

4. INTRODUCTION The National Medical Commission (NMC) envisages the Family Adoption Program (FAP) as an opportunity for the Institute to discharge its social responsibility and as a critical platform to facilitate authentic learning of the under-graduate students to sensitize them with the real-life challenges of working for the Universal Health Coverage (UHC). From: CBME curriculum 2024: Annexure 12

5. AIM The Family Adoption Program aims to provide an experiential learning opportunity to Indian Medical Graduates towards community bases health care and thereby enhance equity in health. From: Family Adoption Program Log Book

6. OBJECTIVES Orient the learner towards primary health care. Create health-related awareness within the community Function as the first point of contact for any health issues within the community Act as a conduit between the population and relevant health care facility Generate and analyze related data for improving health outcomes and Evidence-based clinical practices From: Family Adoption Program Log Book

7. GOALS OF THE PROGRAM Goal of Phase 1: 1. Build rapport and connect with the families. 2. Learn communication skills and inspire trust building amongst families. 3. Understand the dynamics of community set-up of that region. 4. Mobilize families for participation in Screening programs. 5. Undertake detailed family study and prepare the family diagnosis to identify diseases / ill-health / malnutrition of allotted families / risk factors / scope for health promotion. 6. Formulate objectives to be achieved for each family. From: CBME curriculum 2024: Annexure 12

8. Goals for Phase 2: 1. Continue active involvement to become the first doctor / reference point of the family by continued active interaction. 2. Ensure follow-up of members from adopted families for vaccination, growth monitoring and promotion, menstrual hygiene, IFA prophylaxis, health lifestyle adoption, nutrition, vector control measures, compliance to medications, etc. 3. Work collaboratively with adopted families to achieve the formulated objectives. 4. Inform families about ongoing government sponsored health related programs. 5. Ensure appropriate referral of family members considering their choice for additional or annual screening at higher health facilities. From: CBME curriculum 2024: Annexure 12

9. Future Goals: 1. Work collaboratively with adopted families to achieve the formulated objectives. 2. Observation of services delivered at the community level during Village Health Nutrition Days (VHND), Community-based events (CBEs), Health and Wellness Centers (HWC) camps under the different national health program . 3. Build understanding regarding work of frontline workers (ANM, ASHA / USHA, AWW, MPW) through interaction. 4. Build understanding around intersectoral action for health through Local self-governing bodies, NGOs, SHGs, etc. for health promotion. 5. Undertake short term action projects for improving health in the adopted families or community. 6. Analysis of their own involvement and impact on improving the health conditions in the adopted families. From: CBME curriculum 2024: Annexure 12

10. METHODOLOGY

11. METHODOLOGY Data was collected in Shanmugapuram area, under the guidance of PG and faculties who were in charge of various groups of students. Students were divided into 2 groups (A and B), with 90 people in each group. Students were further divided into groups with 2 students each. 3-5 houses were assigned per group, students went door to door to collect details of each member of the family. When one group went for data collection, the other group was briefed about the other sections.

12. Participating households included families that consented to data collection and would be available during the course of the program. People unwilling to participate in the program and houses which were found locked for more than two consecutive visits are excluded from the data. All participating households were assigned unique household numbers for identification and data was collected from them. A village map was also prepared where the geographical distribution of various streets were identified.

13. DATA COLLECTION Students introduced themselves to the family members present at the time of the visit . Purpose of the program and the collected data was explained to t he members. Informed oral consent was rec ei ved from t he Head of Family or any other reliable adult present.

14. BATCH A

15. Following are the dates when batch A went for visits: Visit 1: 27/01/2024 – Section 1 Details: Identification Data, Basic Demographic Data Visit 2: 30/03/2024 – Section 2 Details: Environmental Sanitation, Healthcare Utilization and Nutrition, Vulnerability Scoring Visit 3: 21/06/2024 – Section 3 Details: Survey of Individual Household Members 26/10/2024: Epicollect Data Entry

16. VISIT 1: Identification & Basic demographic data Details of members and the family Ration card Socioeconomic status according to Modified Kuppuswamy’s Scale Details of eligible couple, children aged 0-5, births and deaths in last one year

17. VISIT 2: Environmental Sanitation, Healthcare Utilization and Nutrition, Vulnerability Scoring Housing Water sources and storage Sanitation Domestic hazards Details related to pets Immediate surroundings Healthcare utilization Nutrition

18. Types of Houses Lighting and Ventilation Water Source and Storage

19. Nutrition Health Care Utilization Pests Collection and Disposal of Waste

20. VISIT 3: Survey of Individual Household Members Details of each family member Assessment of Children aged 0-5 Assessment of Children aged 6-10 Assessment of Adolescents aged 11-18 Assessment of Adults aged 19-59 Assessment of Adults aged 60 and above Assessment of Antenatal / Postnatal Women

21. EPICOLLECT APP

22. VILLAGE MAPPING

23. VILLAGE MAPPING Village mapping is a method used for understanding the geographical, social, and economic characteristics of rural or small communities. It could involve using various tools like geographic information systems (GIS), surveys, and community participation to create a comprehensive map that captures details about land use, infrastructure, resources, and population distribution.

24. STEPS INVOLVED IN MAPPING 1.Preparation and Planning 2.Community Engagement and Data Gathering 3.Field Mapping and Surveying 4.Data Analysis and Visualization 5.Community Validation and Feedback 6.Planning and Decision-making 7.Monitoring and Updates

25. VILLAGE MAPPING

26. MAP KEY

27. AREA UNDER CONSIDERATION

28. COUNT OF VARIOUS INFRASTRUCTURES No. of pucca house: 65 No. of semi pucca house: 27 No. of quarters: 0 No. of shops: 4 No. of temple: 1 No. of school: 2 No. of kutcha house: 1 No. of apartment: 1 No. of houses under construction: 8 Waste land: 8 patches

29. OTHER PROGRAMMES DONE DURING FAP

30. CAMPUS CLEANING DRIVE 20-06-2024

31. SCHOOL HEALTH TALK 19-06-2024

32. THANK YOU REFERENCES CBME curriculum 2024 ( https://medicaldialogues.in/pdf_upload/cbme-guidelines-2024-250434.pdf ). FAP record.

33. Section 1a SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC DETAILS Group 7 - Harini S -Hari Pranav M N -Hariram G B -Harish Ragavendar L -Harish V -Hari Vignesh S -Hema Chandhar M 43 44 45 46 47 48 49

34. SURVEYED POPULATION: Surveyed area - Shanmugapuram Total no of households surveyed = 143 Total no of individuals surveyed = 501 No of males = 243 No of females = 258

35. AGE DISTRIBUTION OF THE SURVEYED POPULATION OF SHANMUGAPURAM (N = 501) AGE GROUP MALE FEMALE TOTAL(n=501) PERCENTAGE 0 to 5   11   12   23   4.5% 6 to 10 16 11 27 5.3% 11 to 18 27 27 54 10.7% 19-60 147 166 313 62.8% Above 60 41 43 84 16.7% Reproductive age group (15 to 45 female) 126 TOTAL 2 43 2 58 5 01 100%

36. GENDER DISTRIBUTION OF THE SURVEYED POPULATION OF SHANMUGAPURAM (N = 501) SEX COUNT PERCENTAGE MALE 243 49% FEMALE 258 51%

37. AGE PYRAMID OF THE SURVEYED POPULATION OF SHANMUGAPURAM(N=501)

38. COMPARISON OF AGE PYRAMID OF THE SURVEYED POPULATION OF SHANMUGAPURAM (N=501) WITH PUDUCHERRY AND INDIA SHANMUGAPURAM INDIA PUDUCHERRY

39. INTERPRETATION Age pyramid of surveyed area is spindle in shape, while that of India is bell shaped A spindle-shaped age pyramid represents a population with a low birth rate and low death rate, compared to India’s with high birth rate, and high/moderate death rate It is a symmetrical pyramid and hence the sex ratio is good

40. DEPENDENCY RATIO Dependency rate = children[0 to 14 years]+ population more than and equal to 65 years of age) / population of 15 to 64 years *100 Dependency ratio= 133/368*100 = 36.14%

41. COMPARISON OF THE TOTAL DEPENDENCY RATIO OF SURVEYED POPULATION TO INDIA INFERENCE : the total dependency ratio of the surveyed area is 36.14% which is lower than that of the national average which is 47.50%

42. INTERPRETATION Dependency ratio of the surveyed population of Shanmugapuram is lower than that of India indicating – 1. Working age population is higher. 2. Less demographic burden on working age population 3. Lesser general fertility rate in the surveyed area compared to that of India 4. Increased migration of the working age group to urban areas, increasing proportion of working age group(15- 64), while decreasing proportion of dependent age group. Other reasons for lower dependency ratio in the surveyed population compared to that of India are More localized results, which may not reflect broader trends. Urban areas have lower dependency ratio due to lesser General fertility rate compared to that of rural areas

43. Young age dependency ratio = Children [0 to 14 years]/population of 15 to 64 years *100 Young age dependency ratio = 73/368*100 = 19.83% YOUNG AGE DEPENDENCY RATIO

44. COMPARISON OF THE YOUNG AGE DEPENDENCY RATIO OF SURVEYED POPULATION TO INDIA Source : World Bank staff estimates based on age distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2024 Revision. RESULT : the young dependency ratio of the surveyed are is 19.83% which is lower than that of the national average which is 38.30%

45. INTERPRETATION Young age dependency ratio is lower than that of India due to smaller young age population in the surveyed area compared to that of India’s Indicating: 1. Declining birth rate/ fertility rate due to urbanization and access to family planning. 2. Migration of Working-Age Population – Many young adults migrate to urban areas for work, increasing the proportion of the working-age population (15-64 years), while decreasing proportion of young age group(0-14 years).

46. Old age dependency ratio = population more than and equal to 65 years of age) / population of 15 to 64 years *100 Old age dependency ratio = 60/368*100 = 16.3% OLD AGE DEPENDENCY RATIO

47. COMPARISON OF THE OLD AGE DEPENDENCY RATIO OF SURVEYED POPULATION TO INDIA Source : World Bank staff estimates based on age distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2024 Revision. RESULT : the old age dependency ratio of the surveyed are is 16.30% which is greater than that of the national average which is 9.8%

48. INTERPRETATION Old age dependency ratio in the surveyed population is higher than that of India’s due to larger proportion of old age population in the surveyed population compared to that of India’s Indicating: Increased life expectancy and decreased mortality rate in the surveyed population due to improved health care services Declining Fertility Rates: Urban areas have lesser fertility rate, reducing the proportion of the younger population(0-14 years), while increasing the proportion of the elderly(65+ years). Higher “ demographic burden “- smaller working population providing for large retired population, increased pressure on pensions and healthcare

49. SEX RATIO Sex ratio =No of females/ no of males *1000 =258/243 * 1000 = 1062 females per 1000 males

50. COMPARISON OF SEX RATIO OF THE SURVEYED POPULATION OF SHANMUGAPURAM TO PUDUCHERRY AND INDIA INFERENCE : the sex ratio of the surveyed area is 1062 females per 1000 males which is greater than state(1037 females per 1000 males) and national average(940 females per 1000 males) SOURCE: CENCUS OF INDIA 2011

51. INTERPRETATION Higher sex ratio in the surveyed population of shanmugapuram compared to that of India’s indicates 1. Higher life expectancy for women. 2. Improved maternal healthcare 3. reduced female foeticide and infanticide 4. Govt policies promoting women health Implication of high female population: 1. Gender balanced society with equal opportunities 2. Increased women’s participation in workforce .

52. POPULATION COMPARISON ( N=478) S.NO GENDER NO OF PEOPLE PUDUCHERRY INDIA 1 MALE 243 6,12,511(49%) 62,31,21,823(51.4%) 2 FEMALE 258 6,35,442(50.9%) 58,74,47,730(48.6%) 3 TOTAL 501 12,47,953(100%) 1,21,05,69,573(100%) SOURCE: CENCUS OF INDIA 2011

53. PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF FAMILY BASED ON RELIGION IN THE SURVEYED POPULATION OF SHANMUGAPURAM(N=143) RELIGION COUNT PERCENTAGE HINDU 137 96% CHRISTIAN 4 3% MUSLIM 2 1% TOTAL 143 100%

54. PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF FAMILIES BASED ON MIGRATION IN THE SURVEYED POPULATION OF SHANMUGAPURAM(N=143) ORIGIN COUNT PERCENTAGE NON - MIGRANTS 116 81% MIGRANTS 27 19%

55. INTERPRETATION Higher non migrant population in the surveyed population indicates Stable population in that area Lower Immigration/Outmigration Rates – The region may not attract many migrants due to factors like economic conditions, job availability, or social policies, or the local population may have strong ties that discourage movement. Availability of healthcare, affordable housing and education services reducing need to migrate

56. Mean duration of stay in the area DURATION OF STAY NO OF HOUSEHOLDS PERCENTAGE <1 YEAR 3 2.1% 1-5 YEARS 22 15.3% 6-10 YEARS 12 8.3% >10 YEARS 106 74.1% TOTAL 143 100%

57. DURATION OF STAY OF THE POPULATION IN THE SURVEYED AREA (N= 143) DURATION OF STAY NO OF HOUSEHOLDS PERCENTAGE <1 YEAR 3 2.1% 1-5 YEARS 22 15.3% 6-10 YEARS 12 8.3% >10 YEARS 106 74.1% TOTAL 143 100%

58. INTERPRETATION Larger proportion of people in the surveyed area staying more than 10 years of stay indicating, Stable population Lower Immigration/Outmigration Rates Good housing, healthcare and living conditions

59. MARITAL AGE OF THE SURVEYED POPULATION ABOVE 18 YEARS OF AGE (N=405) MARITAL STATUS FREQUENCY % MARRIED 289 71% SINGLE 87 22% WIDOW 29 7% TOTAL 405 100%

60. LITERACY RATE OF THE PEOPLE SURVEYED IN SHANUGAPURAM Education No of persons Percentage Literate 434 92.7% Illiterate 34 7.3% Total (>7 years) 468 100 %

61. EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION OF LITERATES S.NO EDUCATION(GRADE) NO OF PERSON PERCENTAGE 1 PRIMARY 47 11% 2 MIDDLE SCHOOL 62 14% 3 HIGH SCHOOL 70 16% 4 HIGHER SECONDARY 97 22% 5 UNDER GRADUATE 113 26% 6 POST GRADUATE 45 10% TOTAL 434 100%

62. CRUDE LITERACY RATE Crude literacy rate = (no of literate people/total population) *100 = 434/501 *100 = 86.62%

63. COMPARISON OF CRUDE LITERACY RATE OF SURVEYED POPULATION WITH INDIA AND PUDUCHERRY SOURCE: CENCUS OF INDIA 2011 INFERENCE : the crude literacy rate of the surveyed area is 86.62%, which is greater than that of the state (85.85%) and the national average (72.99%)

64. Effective literacy rate = (no. of literate people aged 7 and above/ (population aged 7 and above)*100 = 434/468*100 = 92.7% EFFECTIVE LITERACY RATE

65. COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVE LITERACY RATE OF THE SURVEYED POPULATION OF SHANMUGAPURAM WITH INDIA AND PUDUCHERRY INFERENCE : the effective literacy rate of the surveyed area is 92.70%, which is greater than that of the state (86.55%) and the national average (74.04%) SOURCE: CENCUS OF INDIA 2011

66. INTERPRETATION Higher literacy rate in the surveyed population compared to that of India’s indicates Strong Educational Infrastructure: presence of numerous amounts of gov and pvt schools and higher educational institutes Government Initiatives & Policies like free education, mid day meal scheme etc., Urbanization & Awareness Small Population, Easier Implementation: Being a small Union Territory, implementing educational policies is more effective than in larger states.

67. PERCENTAGE OF PEOPLE ABOVE 18 YEARS OF AGE WITH CHRONIC ILLNESS IN THE SURVEYED POPULATION OF SHANMUGAPURAM COUNT % CHRONIC ILLNESS 129 32% NO CHRONIC ILLNESS 276 68% TOTAL 405 100%

68. DISTRIBUTION OF CHRONIC ILLNESS IN POPULATION ABOVE 18 YEARS CHRONIC ILLNESS NO OF INDIVIDUALS PERCENTAGE DIABETES 72 40.9% HYPERTENSION 56 31.8% THYROID 24 13.6% OTHERS 24 13.6% TOTAL 176 100%

69. REPORT The dependency ratio of the surveyed area of Shanmugapuram is 36.14% The young age dependency ratio of the surveyed area of Shanmugapuram is 19.83 % The old age dependency ratio of the surveyed area of Shanmugapuram is 16.3% The sex ratio of the surveyed area of Shanmugapuram is 1062 females per 1000 males. The crude literacy rate of the surveyed area of Shanmugapuram is 86.62% The effective literacy rate of the surveyed area of Shanmugapuram is 92.7%

70. THANK YOU

71. FAP PROJECT SECTION 1B GROUP 6 : LAVANYA G - 36 GIDLA JOHNY - 37 GOPIKASREE - 38 GUGAN G - 39 GUGAN M – 40 HAREPRIYA V – 41 HARIKRISHNAN -42

72. Fig.1:Percentage distribution of family based on type of family (n=143)

73. Fig 2:Percentage distribution of families based on colour of ration card(n=143)

74. Fig 3:Socioeconomic status of families based on Kuppuswamy socoeconomic scale(n=143)

75. Eligible couple

76. Total no of eligible couple of the families surveyed Total no of Eligible Couple-75 Total no of couples using contraceptives (current users)- 31 Total no of males using Contraceptives-8 Total no of Females using contraceptives-23

77. Couple Protection rate Couple protection rate = ( No of current users/ No of eligible couple) x100 = 31/75 x100 = 41.3%

78. Fig4: Comparison of couple protection rate of shanmugapuram with India& puducherry Source : NFHS-5

79. INFERENCE Shanmugapuram has lesser couple protection rate as compared to Puducherry and India

80. Fig5: Distribution of various contraceptive practices among the current users

81. Table1:Comparison of various contraceptive practices of shanmugapuram with india and puducherry CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS Shanmugapuram Puducherry India Tubectomy 70.96% 53.80% 37.90% Barrier 25.80% 5% 9.50% I UD 3.22% 1.9% 2.1% Source : NFHS-5

82. BIRTH RATE

83. Fig6: Percentage Distribution of births in last 1 year based on gender

84. distribution of births in last 1 year based on birth registration status Total no. of births in last 1 year =7 No. of births registered =7 No. of births unregistered =0

85. Crude birth rate Number of births : 7 Mid year population : 337 Crude Birth rate = (Number of Births/Mid year population) x1000 = 7/337 x1000 =21 live births per 1000 population

86. Fig7: Comparison of crude birth rate between Shanmugapuram , Puducherry and India (N=7) Source : SRS Survey 2020 (censusindia.gov.in)

87. INFERENCE : Shanmugapuram has higher crude birth rate as compared to puducherry and higher crude birth rate as compared to India

88. DEATH RATE

89. fig8: Percentage Distribution of deaths in last 1 year based on gender(n=8)

90. distribution of deaths in last 1 year based on registration status No. of deaths in last 1 year=8 No of deaths registered=8 Unregistered deaths =0

91. Table2: Percentage Distribution of deaths in last 1 year based on age Age No.of deaths Percentage 40-49 1 12.5 % 50-59 1 12.5 % 70-79 1 12.5 % 80-90 5 62.5 % Grand total 8 100 %

92. Table3: Percentage Distribution of deaths in last 1 year based on gender DEATHS COUNT PERCENTAGE Mortality rate for males 3 37.5% Mortality rate for females 5 62.5% Total mortality rate 8 100%

93. Table4: Distribution based on Reason for death(n=8) Reason for death Frequency Percentage Natural death 6 75 % Renal failure 1 12.5 % liver failure 1 12.5 % Total 8 100 %

94. Crude death rate Number of deaths : 8 Mid year population : 337 Crude death rate = (Number of Deaths/ Mid year population) x 1000 = 8/337 x1000 = 24 deaths per 1000 population

95. Fig9: Comparison of crude death rate between Shanmugapuram , Puducherry and India:(N-8) Source : SRS Survey 2020 (censusindia.gov.in) PLACE PERCENTAGE COUNT SHANMUGAPURAM 67.52% INDIA 17.09% PONDICHERRY 15.38% Grand Total 100.00%

96. INFERENCE : Shanmugapuram has higher crude death rate when compared to Puducherry and India .

97. Immunisation status

98. Fig10: Percentage distribution of U-5 children based on immunisation status ( immunised till date/missed) (n=22)

99. INTERPRETATION: 91 % of under 5 children immunized till date irrespective of their gender 9 % of under 5 children missed their doses of (pentavalent, rota virus vaccine and MR vaccine).

100. Gender Distribution of U-5 children based on immunisation status (missed dose) Total no. of children who missed immnunisation doses=2 No. of males missed immunisation dose = 2 No. of females missed immunisation dose=0

101. Gender Distribution of U-5 children based on immunisation status(IMMUNIZED TILL DATE) Total no. of U5 children=22 No. of children immunized till date=20 No. of female children immunized till date=10 No. of male children immunized till date=10

102. Fig11: Gender Distribution of children who are fully vaccinated(n=12)

103. Fig12: Gender Distribution of children who are completely vaccinated (n=8)

104. Table no. 5:IMMUNISATION STATUS(n=8) AGE GROUP STATUS No OF CHILDREN PRESENT No OF CHILDREN IMMUNIZED TILL AGE PERCENTAGE (N =22) >28 months Complete 9 8 36% 12 to 24 months Full 1 3 1 2 54%

105. fig13: Comparison of full immunisation status with India & Puducherry Source : NFHS-5

106. Thank you

107. FAMILY ADOPTION PROGRAMME PROJECT PRESENTATION (SECTION 2A) PRESENTATION BY GROUP 5 DHROOV CHIKARA(29) DIKSHAYA(30) DIVYA DHARSHINI(31) DONISHA(32) YUVASHRI(33) ESHA GOPIKA(34) EUGENE SEBASTIAN(35)

108. HOUSING

109. TYPE OF HOUSE TYPE OF HOUSE NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE PUCCA 138 97% MIXED 5 3% (n = 143) Fig 1 .Percentage distribution of houses based on housing type

110. OWNERSHIP OWNERSHIP NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE OWN 89 62% RENTED 54 38% (n = 143) Fig no 2 : Percentage distribution of houses based on Ownership

111. OVERCROWDING (Person per room) OVERCROWDING NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE PRESENT 26 18% ABSENT 117 82% (n = 143) Fig no 3a : Percentage distribution of houses based on overcrowding (persons per room criteria)

112. OVERCROWDING (Sex separation) OVERCROWDING NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE PRESENT 36 19% ABSENT 107 81% (n = 143) Fig no 3b : Percentage distribution of houses based on overcrowding (sex separation criteria)

113. OVERCROWDING (Floor space criteria) OVERCRODING NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE PRESENT 45 17% ABSENT 98 83% (n = 143) Fig no 3c : Percentage distribution of houses based on overcrowding (floor space criteria)

114. PLACE OF COOKING PLACE OF COOKING NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE INSIDE HOUSE 142 99% OUTSIDE HOUSE 1 1% (n = 143) Fig no 4 : Percentage distribution of houses based on place of cooking

115. FUEL USED FOR COOKING FUEL NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE LPG 142 99% BIOMASS 1 1% (n = 143) Fig no 5 : Percentage distribution of houses based on type of fuel used

116. INDOOR POLLUTION INDOOR POLLUTION NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE PRESENT 38 27% ABSENT 105 73% (n = 143) Fig no 6 : Percentage distribution of houses based on indoor air pollution

117. NATURAL LIGHTNING NATURAL LIGHTNING NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE ADEQUATE 87 61% INADEQUATE 56 39% (n = 143) Fig no 7 : Percentage distribution of houses based on adequacy of natural lighting

118. NATURAL VENTILATION NATURAL VENTILATION NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE ADEQUATE 86 78% INADEQUATE 57 22% (n = 143) Fig no : 8 Percentage distribution of houses based on adequacy of natural ventilation

119. WATER SOURCE AND STORAGE

120. SOURCE OF DRINKING WATER SOURCE OF WATER NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE DEEP TUBE WELL 33 23% SURFACE WATER 10 7% OTHERS 100 70% (n = 143) Fig no 9 : Percentage distribution of houses based on Source of drinking water supply

121. SOURCE OF DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY SOURCE OF DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCETAGE DEEP TUBE WELL 37 26% SURFACE WATER 11 8% OTHERS 95 66% (n = 143) Fig no 10 : Percentage distribution of houses based on Source of domestic water supply

122. MODE OF COLLECTION OF WATER MODE OF COLLECTION OF WATER NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE PRIVATE TAP 135 94% PUBLIC TAP 5 4% OTHERS 3 2% (n = 143) Fig no 11 : Percentage distribution of houses based on mode of collection of water

123. DISTANCE BETWEEN HOUSE AND WATER SUPPLY (in mts ) DISTANCE NO OF INDUVIDUAL PERCENTAGE LESS THAN 100 mts 140 97% MORE THAN 100 mts 3 3% (n = 143) Fig no 12 : Percentage distribution of houses based on distance (in meters) between house and water source

124. SUPPLY OF WATER SUPPLY OF WATER NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE INTERMITTENT 134 94% CONTINUOUS 9 6% (n = 143) Fig no 13 : Percentage distribution of houses based on supply of water

125. FREQUENCY OF WATER SUPPLY PER DAY FREQUENCY OF WATER SUPPLY NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE THRICE 132 96% TWICE 7 3% ONCE 1 1% (n = 143) Fig no 14 : Percentage distribution of houses based on frequency of supply per day

126. RETRIVAL OF WATER RETRIVAL OF WATER NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE DIPPING GLASS HELD IN HAND 88 61% WATER POURED OUT 48 34% USE LADDLE 7 5% (n = 143) Fig no 15 : Percentage distribution of houses based on retrieval of water

127. S.NO ACTIONS TO IMPROVE WATER QUALITY NUMBER PERCENTAGE 1 NIL 78 54.5% 2 BOILING WATER 51 35.66% 3 FILTER WATER BY RO SYSTEM 14 9.8% ACTION TO IMPROVE WATER QUALITY (n = 143) Fig no 16 : Percentage distribution of houses based on action to improve water quality

128. SANITATION

129. COLLECTION OF DOMESTIC REFUSE COLLECTION OF DOMESTIC REFUSE NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE INSIDE HOUSE 82 57% OUTSIDE HOUSE 61 43% (n = 143) Fig no 17 : Percentage distribution of houses based on collection of domestic refuse

130. COLLECTING CONTAINER COLLECTING CONTAINER NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE COVERED 96 67% OPENED 47 33% (n = 143) Fig no 18 : Percentage distribution of houses based on collecting Container (dust bin)

131. ACCESS OF GARBAGE TO FLIES & RODENTS ACCESS O FGARBAGE TO FLIES AND RODENTS NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE PRESENT 48 34% ABSENT 95 66% (n = 143) Fig no 19 : Percentage distribution of houses based on access of garbage to flies and rodents

132. DISPOSAL OF DOMESTIC REFUSE DISPOSAL OF DOMESTIC REFUSE NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE COLLECTED BY SWEEPER 137 96% INDISCRIMINATE 6 4% (n = 143) Fig no 20 : Percentage distribution of houses based on domestic refuse disposal

133. SULLAGE DISPOSAL SULLAGE DISPOSAL NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE DRAIN 138 97% BACKYARD 5 3% (n = 143) Fig no 21 : Percentage distribution of houses based on Sullage disposal

134. SEWAGE DISPOSAL SEWAGE DISPOSAL NO OF INDUVIDUALS PERCENTAGE HOUSEHOLD SANITARY LATRINE 128 89% COMMUNITY LATRINE 14 10% OPEN 1 1% (n = 143) Fig no 22 : Percentage distribution of houses based on Sewage disposal

135. In the surveyed area, it is inferred that 97% live in pucca house, out of which 38% live in rented house. Majority have a kitchen inside their house, mostly separate from the living room. LPG is the main source of fuel. 61% and 78% of the houses have adequate natural lighting and ventilation respectively. In 23% the source of drinking water supply is from deep tube well, 7% from surface water. In 26% the source of domestic water supply is from deep tube well, 8% from surface water. In 94% the mode of collection of water is from private tap. In most of the houses the frequency of water supply is 3 times per day. OVERALL INFERENCE

136. The storage utensils are clean in all the houses. In 61% of the houses, water is retrieved by dipping glass held in hand. In almost 54% of the houses there are no actions taken to improve the quality of water. In 57% of the houses, domestic refuse is collected inside the house. 33%of the houses have a open dustbin. In 96% of the cases, waste is disposed by sweepers daily. Disposal of sullage is by drain in 97% of houses. Disposal of sewage is by household sanitary latrine in 89% of houses. OVERALL INFERENCE

137. THANK YOU

138. DOMESTIC HAZARDS Section II(D)

139. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON ANY CHEMICAL HAZARDS ( N=143) Types of chemical hazards Number of households Percentage Nil 142 99.3% Paints 1 0.699% Grand Total 143 100% Interpretation: what we infer from the data is majority of households are not vulnerable to chemical hazards however only 1 household is prone to chemical hazards(paints). TABLE NO: 1

140. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON ANY ELECTRICAL HAZARDS ( N=143) Types of electrical hazards Number of households Percentage Nil 141 98.6 % Open wires 2 1.39 % Grand Total 143 100 % Interpretation: what we infer from the data is that majority of the houses are not vulnerable to any electrical hazards only however 2 households are presented with open wires . TABLE NO: 2

141. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON ANY PHYSICAL HAZARDS Types of physical hazards Number of households Percentage Nil 135 94.40% Slippery floor* 6 4.19% Sharp edges* 4 2.79% Interpretation: what we infer from the data is that majority of the households are not vulnerable to any physical hazards while some are prone to physical hazards like sharp edges and slippery floors. *multiple responses TABLE NO: 3 BAR CHART NO: 1

142. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON REARING OF ANIMALS IN HOUSE ( N=143) Rearing of animal in house Number of households Percentage No 128 89.5 % Yes 15 10.48 % Grand Total 143 100 % Interpretation: what we infer from the data is that almost 90 percentage of the households do not rear any sort of animals while 10 percent of households rear animals. TABLE NO: 4 PIE CHART NO: 1

143. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON DOMESTIC ANIMALS PRESENT ( N=143) Types of domestic animals Number of households Percentage Birds 4 2.79% Dog 10 6.99% Nil 127 88.81% Others 2 1.39% Grand Total 143 100% Interpretation: what we infer from the data is that majority of the households are not rearing any animals however few houses rear dogs and birds. TABLE NO: 5

144. SAME LIVING SPACE USED FOR HUMANS AND ANIMALS? Number of households percentage No 24 16.78% Not Applicable 110 76.92% Yes 9 6.29% Grand Total 143 100% DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON SAME LIVING SPACE USED FOR HUMANS AND ANIMALS ( N=143) Interpretation: From the surveyed data it is interpreted that ¾ th of the households do not have animals . Humans and animals does not share same living space in ¾ th of the households which has animals . TABLE NO: 6 BAR CHART NO: 2

145. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON PROBLEMS OF PEST Pests Number of households percentage Cockroaches* 29 13.94% Flies* 15 7.21% Mosquitoes* 109 52.40% Nil* 31 14.90% Rats* 24 11.54% Interpretation: From the surveyed data it is interpreted that mosquitos are the predominant pest variety causing problem to the households in the community. *multiple responses TABLE NO: 7 BAR CHART NO: 3

146. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON PEST CONTROL MEASURES Interpretation: From the surveyed data it is interpreted that mosquitoes control are the predominant pest control measure that is been used. *multiple responses P est control measures Number of households Percentage cockroach- hit, repellents* 9 5.96% mosquitoe repellent, nets, coils bats* 91 60.26% Nil* 42 27.81% rat mat, trap, repellents* 9 5.96% TABLE NO: 8 BAR CHART NO: 4

147. RISK OF BURNS Number of households percentage COOKING PLACE ACCESS TO CHILDREN 3 2.10% NIL 140 97.90% GRAND TOTAL 143 100% Interpretation: Almost all the surveyed households has no risk of burns except 3 households in which the cooking place acess to children. All the surveyed households has no risk of drowning. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON RISK OF BURNS AND DROWNING ( N=143) TABLE NO: 9

148. IMMEDIATE SURROUNDINGS Section II(E)

149. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON ACCESS TO STRAY ANIMALS ( N=143) ACCESS TO STRAY ANIMALS Number of households PERCENTAGE NO 63 44.1 YES 80 55.9 TOTAL 143 100 Interpretation: Data from the survey shows that Almost more than half of the surveyed households has been access able to stray animals . TABLE NO: 10 PIE CHART NO: 2

150. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON DRAINS ( N=143) DRAINS Number of households PERCENTAGE NO 69 48.3 YES 74 51.7 TOTAL 143 100 Interpretation: By the surveyed data, it is found that a significant portion of households have direct exposure to open drains, which may contribute to hygiene and health concerns . TABLE NO: 11 PIE CHART NO: 3

151. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON GARBAGE DUMPING ( N=143) GARBAGE DUMPING Number of households PERCENTAGE NO 107 74.8 YES 36 25.2 TOTAL 143 100 Interpretation: By the surveyed data, it is found that a significant number(25%) of households dispose of garbage in open spaces or improper locations, which may contribute to environmental pollution and public health hazards. TABLE NO: 12 PIE CHART NO: 4

152. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON BREEDING PLACE OF MOSQUITOES ( N=143) BREEDING PLACE FOR MOSQUITOES Number of households PERCENTAGE NO 63 44.1 YES 80 55.9 TOTAL 143 100 Interpretation: By the surveyed data, it is found that a considerable number of households have potential breeding sites for mosquitoes, increasing the risk of vector-borne diseases . TABLE NO: 13 PIE CHART NO: 5

153. HEALTHCARE UTILIZATION Section II(F)

154. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON HEALTH INSURANCE COVERED ( N=143) HEALTH INSURANCE Number of households PERCENTAGE NO 116 81.1 YES 27 18.9 TOTAL 143 100 Interpretation: Data from the survey shows that more than 3/4th of the population are not covered under any sort of health insurance however only 28 percent of households is benefitted by health insurance . TABLE NO: 14 PIE CHART NO: 6

155. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON NAME OF THE INSURANCE C0VERED (N=143) INSURANCE Number of households percentage GOVERNMENT INSURANCE 8 AB-PMJAY 6% PRIVATE INSURANCE 11 8% NIL 124 87% TOTAL 143 100%  Interpretation: Low Enrollment : The 6% coverage in the dataset is much lower than the national 40%, indicating a gap in access or awareness High Uninsured Population: 87% of families have no insurance, highlighting a need for better health coverage outreach TABLE NO: 15 PIE CHART NO: 7

156. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON BEING PART OF ICDS SERVICES (N=143) RECEVING ICDS SERVICES NO OF FAMILY PERCENTAGE No 134 94% Yes 9 6% Grand Total 143 100%  Interpretation: Data from the survey shows that A large number of households are not receiving ICDS benefits, despite the program's aim to support child nutrition, healthcare, and education TABLE NO: 16 PIE CHART NO: 8

157. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON BEING PART OF SELF HELP GROUP (N=143) PART OF SELF HEALTH GROUP Number of households PERCENTAGE NO 136 95% YES 7 5% TOTAL 143 100%  Interpretation: From the surveyed data it is interpreted that majority of households do not engage in self-help groups TABLE NO: 17 PIE CHART NO: 9

158. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON UTILIZATION OF SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS ( N=143) SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS Number of households PECENTAGE NO 85 59% YES 58 41% TOTAL 143 100% Interpretation: In the surveyed population a significant portion of the general population benefits from social security programs TABLE NO: 18 PIE CHART NO: 10

159. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON HEALTH FACILITY UTILIZED FOR MINOR ILLNESS (N =143) INTERPRETATION –Tertiary health care centre is the most preferred health care centre for minor illness BAR CHART NO: 5

160. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON HEALTH CARE FACILITY UTILISED FOR MAJOR ILLNESS ( N=143) Health care facility Number of households Percentage GH 56 39.16% Medical College 60 41.96% PHC 5 3.50% Private Clinic 12 8.39% Private Hospital 10 6.99% Grand Total 143 100%  Interpretation: Data from the survey shows that Almost 80% of the surveyed households use GH (39%) and Medical college (41%) for the treatment of major illness. TABLE NO: 19 BAR CHART NO: 6

161. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON HEALTH CARE FACILITY UTILISED FOR IMMUNIZATION ( N=143) Health care facility Number of households Percentage GH 46 32.17% Medical College 32 22.38% Others 3 2.10% PHC 53 37.06% Private Clinic 4 2.80% Private Hospital 5 3.50% Grand Total 143   100% Interpretation: Data from the survey shows that 2\3 rd of the surveyed households uses GH and PHC for Immunization TABLE NO: 20 BAR CHART NO: 7

162. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON HEALTH CARE FACILITY UTILISED FOR DELIVERY ( N=143) Health care faciltity Number of households Percentage Medical College 63 44.06% GH 37 25.87% Others 17 11.89% PHC 1 0.70% Private Hospital 25 17.48% Grand Total 143 100%  Interpretation: Data from the survey shows that Almost half of the surveyed households utilize medical college for delivery. A good amount of surveyed households utilize GH and private hospital also. TABLE NO: 21 BAR CHART NO: 8

163. NUTRITION Section II(G)

164. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON WASHING VEGETABLES BEFORE COOKING ( N=143) Interpretation: Data from the survey shows that All the surveyed households are washing vegetables before cooking.

165. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON VEGETABLES ARE WASHED BEFORE OR AFTER CUTTING ( N=143) vegetables are washed Number of households Percentage after Cutting 3 2.10% Before cutting 140 97.90% Grand Total 143 100%   Interpretation: Data from the survey shows that Almost all of the surveyed households wash vegetables before cutting but only 3 households wash vegetables after cutting. TABLE NO: 22 PIE CHART NO: 11

166. Type of oil used Number of house holds Percentage Coconut oil 1 0.70% Groundnut oil 58 40.56% Palm oil 5 3.49% Sunflower oil 74 51.74% Vegetable oil 5 3.49% Grand total 143 100% Interpretation: By the survey , it is found that majority of the households use sunflower oil(52%) followed by ground nut oil(41%) This shows better awareness among people about the adverse effects of using palm oil DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON TYPE OF COOKING OIL USED ( N=143) TABLE NO: 23

167. Interpretation: Data from the survey shows that All the surveyed households are using iodized salt . DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON TYPE OF SALT USED ( N=143)

168. Comparison with NFHS-5 Data Interpretation: All the surveyed households use iodized salt. So on comparison with NFHS-5 data, consumption of iodized salt among the surveyed households is better than the national and state standards. The surveyed population's 100% iodized salt usage indicates better awareness and access, promoting iodine sufficiency and preventing deficiency disorders Region Iodised Salt consumption India 94.3% Puducherry 93.4% Among surveyed households 100% TABLE NO: 24

169. Frequency of fruit consumption Number of Households Percentage 1 to 6 days a week 55 38.47% Daily 37 25.88% Less than once a week 51 35.67% Grand total 143 100% Interpretation: Around 65% of households consume fruits regularly (either daily or 1 to 6 days a week), which is a positive dietary habit. However, 35% consume fruits less than once a week, indicating a need for awareness and encouragement to increase fruit intake for better nutrition DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON FREQUENCY OF FRUIT CONSUMPTION ( N=143) TABLE NO: 25 BAR CHART NO: 9

170. Frequency of Vegetable consumption Number of Households Percentage 1 to 6 days a week 20 13.99% Daily 123 86.01% Grand total 143 100% Interpretation: A majority (86%) of households consume vegetables daily, which is a healthy dietary practice.Only 14% consume vegetables 1 to 6 days a week, suggesting they might need guidance to incorporate vegetables into their daily diet. DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS BASED ON FREQUENCY OF VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION ( N=143) TABLE NO: 26 BAR CHART NO: 10

171. THANK YOU….