Data_Collection_and_Representand analyzing the results of Surveyon.pptx

This course introduces the fundamental concepts and methods of descriptive and inferential statistics. Topics include data collection, organization, and presentation; measures of central tendency and dispersion; probability and probability distributions; sampling techniques; estimation; hypothesis testing; correlation and regression analysis; and the use of statistical tools for decision-making. Emphasis is placed on interpreting data and applying statistical reasoning to real-world problems in science, business, and everyday life.

1. Data Collection and Representation Grade 9 Statistics

2. Methods of Data Collection 1. Observation – Collecting data through direct or indirect observation. 2. Survey – Using questionnaires or interviews to gather data. 3. Experiment – Conducting scientific procedures to collect data. 4. Registration – Using official records and documents. 5. Census – Collecting data from the entire population. 6. Sampling – Collecting data from a representative group.

3. Types of Graphs and Charts 1. Bar Graph – Used to show comparisons among categories. 2. Line Graph – Used to show trends over time. 3. Pie Chart – Shows proportions or percentages. 4. Pictograph – Uses pictures to represent data. 5. Histogram – Displays the frequency distribution of continuous data. 6. Stem-and-Leaf Plot – Displays quantitative data to show distribution.

4. Creating and Interpreting Graphs • Choose the right type of graph based on the data. • Label the axes and title the graph appropriately. • Ensure accuracy in plotting data points or bars. • Use colors or patterns to differentiate data clearly. • Interpret by identifying trends, patterns, and outliers. • Draw conclusions based on what the graph shows.