De broglie

De broglie wavelength

1. Bhor hypothesized that the electron moves only on the orbit having
discrete radii proportional to integral multiples of the minimum radius.
However, Bohr did not give any theoretical ground for the quantum
conditions. In other words, Bohr’s atomic model has a problem of what
is the theoretical foundation for electrons as particles to take discrete
orbits with discrete radius.
Then, Louis de Broglie solved this problem through the idea of material
wave. Let’s examine the material wave proposed by de Broglie. In order
to explain the behavior of electrons in an atom, de Broglie proposed
that, just as light regarded as wave has the characteristic of particle, so
electron regarded as particle has the characteristic of wave. It was
proposed in 1923, when the Compton Effect proved that light has dual
characteristic of wave and particle. The fact that electron has the
nature of wave means that electron revolve around the atomic nucleus,
shaking up and down like wave. Wavelength is often used to show the
characteristic of wave. Wavelength is the distance when the wave
proceeds in making up and down motion once.
By the way, the wave drawn by an electron can make a constant wave
only when the electron moves up and down integral times on a circular
orbit. Therefore, an electron can have only the wavelength with which
it can move up and down integral times in one circular motion. In other
words, according to Bohr, the orbit which electrons draw within an
atom can become quantum mechanically stable when able to explain
the quantization of electrons with his atomic model: Electrons inside an
atom can move only on the discrete orbits satisfying certain conditions.
De Broglie thought that, if an electron has characteristic of wave, all
other things considered to be particles could also have the

2. characteristic of wave. This is de Broglie’s proposal of the “material
wave”.
De Broglie assumed that particles would be related with the wave
having the wavelength that is inversely proportionate to the
momentum (mv) which the particle has. Together with this assumption
and the fact that wavelength is proportionate to the Planck constant h
(wavelength is equal to the Planck constant h divided by momentum),
and the above mentioned.
Through the combination of Einstein’s concept of photon with regard to
light and de Broglie’s discovery of material wave with regard to
particles, it can be concluded that all things have the dual characteristic
of wave and particle. This concept of the dual characteristic of wave
and particle which was born form quantization is truly a mysterious
concept for classical physics.
That which has both wave and particle characteristic is called a
quantum. This is a definition of quantum in terms of quality.
The wave function represents the wave nature of a particle. However,
the wave function showing the wave nature of a particle is the
intangible mathematical wave.
Then, we can think that the wave nature of an electron corresponds to
the human mind and that its particle nature corresponds to the human
body. Accordingly, we can think that, just as the body moves according
to the mind, the location of electron is statistically determined
according to what is indicated by the wave nature.
According to unification Thought, God has as His attributes the dual
characteristics of Sungsang and Hyungsang. And as explained God’s

3. sungsang is the cause of the internal, invisible aspects of created
beings, and God’s Hyungsang is the cause of the external, visible
aspects of created beings. Also, as the harmonious subject being of the
dual characteristics of Sungsang and hyungasang, God created all
things as His objects of love in accordance with the law of resemblance.
Therefore, all created being resemble God and have the dual
characteristics of Sungsang and hyungsang.
Therefore, we can conclude that the wave nature of an electron shows
the internal, intangible, qualitative aspect of an electron, while the
particle nature of an electron shows the external, tangible, and material
aspect of an electron. Thus, from the viewpoint of Unification thought,
the wave nature, which is internal, intangible qualitative aspect, is
sungsang of an electron, while the particle nature, which is external,
tangible material aspect, is hyungsang of an electron.