Degradation of Bio polymer

This PPt is about bio degradation of bio polymers.
its a very nice ppt.

1. Degradation Of Bio Polymers Presented By- Rahul Dev

2. What is Biopolymers ? Introduction Biopolymers  are polymers produced by living organisms. T hey are p olymeric  biomolecules .

3. DEGRADATION Degradation is a process by which the polymer is fragmented by means of small molecules. In this the large polymer divided into smaller molecules.When degradation starts there is shown a change in colour .

4. Cont … Generally polymer degrades by following process Thermal Degradation Photo Degradation • Mechanical Degradation • Chemical Degradation Oxidative Degradation

5. Bi o Degradation Bio Degradation is a natural process by which organic chemicals in the enviornment are converted into simpler componds .

6. Cont... All Bio Polymers are not bio Degradable Due to the presence of Hydroxil group most of the bio polymer are hydrophilic in nature after absorbing water they degrade easily.

7. Mechanism Of Bio Dergadation The most important organism to biodegradation are fungi,bacteria and algae. Natural polymers are degraded in biological systems by the oxidation and hydrolysis. Temp. is one of the most important factors affecting micro-organism growth.

8. Mechanism Of Bio Dergadation Fungi active in biogeradation process. E.g. sporotricum Talaromyces ganoderme Etc.

9. Types of Bio Degradation Aerobic Biodegradation Polymers+O2 CO2+H2O+biomass+residucess If oxygen is present aerobic biodegration occurred and carbon dioxide is produced .

10. Types of Bio Degradation Anaerobic Biodegradation Polymer CO2+CH4+H2O+biomass+residucess If there is no oxygen an anaerobic degradation occurs and methane is produced with CO2

11. Degradation Mechanism Via Hydolysis Polyesters, polyanhydrides , polycarbonates and polyamides are mainly degraded by hydrolysis into low-molecular-weight oligomers.

12. Examples Degradation Of Starch- Starch is a polymer which occurs widely in plants. The principal crops used for its production include potatoes, corn and rice.

13. Enzymatic hydrolysis of Starch

14. Examples Degradation Of Cellulose Most of the cellulolytic microorganisms belong to eubacteria and fungi, even though some anaerobic protozoa and slime molds able to degrade cellulose have also been described. Cellulolytic microorganisms can establish synergistic relationships with non-cellulolytic species in cellulosic wastes.

15. Enzymatic hydrolysis of C ellulose

16. Poly ( caprolactone ) Degradation mechanism is started by the hydrolysis of the polymer chain 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid an intermediate of w-oxidation than β -oxidation to acetyl-CoA ( Acetyl coenzyme A), which can then undergo further degradation in TCA (   tricarboxylic acid) cycle as illustrated. The molecular weight readily decreases during bio degradation, and is accompanied by a broadening of the molecular weight distribution. The cystallinity of PCL increases with the degradation, indicating preferential degradation in amorphus regions.

17. PCL Degradation Mechanism

18. Poly (lactic acid)

19. N on-enzymatic Hydrolysis R eadily degraded in compost . Several enzymes can degrade the polymer which include proteinase K, pronase and bromelain . Actinomycete , a PLA degrading strain, reduced 100 mg of PLA film by 60% in the first 14 days in liquid culture at 303 K.

20. Degradation Of Biopolyesters Component monomers are bonded via ester linkages. Many kinds of esters occur in nature and the esterase enzyme. Ester linkages are generally easy to hydrolyze. Ester on hydrolysis gives acid and alcohol. Biopolyester upon hydrolysis divided into small fragments. Hence a number of synthetic polyesters are biodegradable

21. Advantages Of Biopolymer 1-Takes less time to break down . 2-Renewable . 3-Good for enviromental . 4- Easior to recycle . 5-Less energy to produce.

22. References Biodegradable polymers for industrial application By Ray Smith. Biodegradation of polymers By Premraj and Mukesh Doble

23. Thank You