Delimitation commission of india

Important for all Competitive Exams

1. Delimitation Commission of India

2. Delimitation literally means the act or process of fixing limits or boundaries of territorial constituencies in a country or a province having a legislative body . The job of delimitation is assigned to a high power body. Such a body is known as Delimitation Commission or a Boundary Commission .   It have the force of law and cannot be called in question before any court . The copies of its orders are laid before the House of the People ( Lok Sabha ) and the State Legislative Assembly concerned, but no modifications are permissible therein by them.

3. In India, such Delimitation Commissions have been constituted 4 times – 1952 under the Delimitation Commission Act, 1952 1963 under Delimitation Commission Act, 1962 1973 under Delimitation Act, 1972 2002 under Delimitation Act, 2002 . These orders come into force on a date to be specified by the President of India in this behalf.

4. Under  Article 82,  the Parliament enacts a Delimitation Act after every Census. Under  Article 170,  States also get divided into territorial constituencies as per Delimitation Act after every Census. Once the Act is in force, the  Union government  sets up a Delimitation Commission. The Delimitation Commission is  appointed by the President  of India and works in  collaboration  with the Election Commission of India.

5. Composition: Retired Supreme Court judge Chief Election Commissioner Respective State Election Commissioners Functions: To determine the number and boundaries of constituencies to make population of all constituencies nearly equal . To identify seats reserved for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes,  wherever their population is relatively large . In case of difference of opinion among members of the Commission, the  opinion of the majority prevails .

6. In 2008, Delimitation was done based on the 2001 census, but the total number of seats in the Assemblies and Parliament decided as per the  1971 Census  was not changed . The constitution has also capped the number of Lok Shaba & Rajya Sabha seats to a maximum of 550 & 250 respectively and  increasing populations are being represented by a single representative . Although the freeze on the number of seats in Lok Sabha and Assemblies should have been lifted after the 2001 Census, another amendment  has postponed this until 2026.

7. Thank you Sources- https://eci.gov.in / https://www.drishtiias.com/