Delta_SmartMaterials & Its Applications.ppt

Metals that exhibit pseudo-elasticity and the “Shape Memory Effect”
The basic principle behind SMAs is that a solid state phase change occurs in these materials.
They switch between states of Austenite and Martensite.

1. Smart MaterialsSmart Materials
PREPARED BY:PREPARED BY:
DINAKARAN.RDINAKARAN.R
JANAKIRAMAN.EJANAKIRAMAN.E

2. What is a Smart Material?What is a Smart Material?
Basically it’s a material that reacts quickly Basically it’s a material that reacts quickly
to a stimulus in a specific manner.to a stimulus in a specific manner.
The change in the material can also be The change in the material can also be
reversible, as a change in stimulus can reversible, as a change in stimulus can
bring the material back to its previous bring the material back to its previous
state.state.

3. Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs)Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs)
Metals that exhibit pseudo-elasticity and Metals that exhibit pseudo-elasticity and
the “Shape Memory Effect”the “Shape Memory Effect”
The basic principle behind SMAs is that a The basic principle behind SMAs is that a
solid state phase change occurs in these solid state phase change occurs in these
materials.materials.
They switch between states of Austenite They switch between states of Austenite
and Martensite. and Martensite.

4. Example of SMAExample of SMA

5. Appplications of SMAsAppplications of SMAs
Popular SMAs are NiTi, CuZnAl, and Popular SMAs are NiTi, CuZnAl, and
CuAlNiCuAlNi
Applications include: Applications include:

AeronauticalAeronautical
Making flexible wings using shape memory wiresMaking flexible wings using shape memory wires

MedicineMedicine
Bone plates made of NiTiBone plates made of NiTi

BioengineeringBioengineering
Muscle wires that can mimic human movementMuscle wires that can mimic human movement

6. Smart GelsSmart Gels
A smart gel is a material that expands or contracts in A smart gel is a material that expands or contracts in
response to external stimuli. response to external stimuli.
A smart gel consists of fluid that exists in a matrix of A smart gel consists of fluid that exists in a matrix of
polymer(s).polymer(s).
Stimulus can includeStimulus can include

LightLight

MagneticMagnetic

pHpH

TemperatureTemperature

ElectricalElectrical

MechanicalMechanical
Stimulus will alter the polymer that makes it more or less Stimulus will alter the polymer that makes it more or less
hydrophillic. hydrophillic.

7. Tanaka experimentTanaka experiment
Modeled after T. Tanaka, Science 19 November 1999: Vol. 286. no. 5444, pp. 1543 - 1545

8. Applications of Smart GelsApplications of Smart Gels
MedicalMedical

Drug releaseDrug release

Organ replacementOrgan replacement

Muscle replicationMuscle replication
IndustrialIndustrial

Shake gelsShake gels
Shock absorbersShock absorbers

9. Rheological MaterialsRheological Materials
Material that can change its physical state Material that can change its physical state
very quickly in response to a stimulusvery quickly in response to a stimulus
Stimulus includeStimulus include

ElectricalElectrical

MagneticMagnetic
FerromagnetsFerromagnets

Magnetic field aligns ferromagnetic molecules in order to Magnetic field aligns ferromagnetic molecules in order to
achieve solid state structureachieve solid state structure
Nanoparticles reduce IUT effect (In Use Thickening)Nanoparticles reduce IUT effect (In Use Thickening)

10. Example of Magnetic Field on Example of Magnetic Field on
Rheological MaterialRheological Material

11. Applications of Rheological Applications of Rheological
MaterialsMaterials
MR materialsMR materials

Structural SupportStructural Support
Dampers to minimize vibrational shock from wind Dampers to minimize vibrational shock from wind
and seismic activity. and seismic activity.

IndustrialIndustrial
Break fluidsBreak fluids
Shock absorbersShock absorbers

12. Magnetostrictive materialsMagnetostrictive materials
Material that stretches or shrinks when a Material that stretches or shrinks when a
magnetic field is applied.magnetic field is applied.
Conversely, when a mechanical force is Conversely, when a mechanical force is
applied on the material, a magnetic field is applied on the material, a magnetic field is
induced.induced.
FerromagnetsFerromagnets
Magnetic field can be used to create an Magnetic field can be used to create an
electric currentelectric current

13. Applications of Magnetorestrictive Applications of Magnetorestrictive
MaterialsMaterials
More efficient fuel injection systemMore efficient fuel injection system

Specific amounts of fuelSpecific amounts of fuel

Higher frequencyHigher frequency

14. FullerenesFullerenes
A fullerene is any series of A fullerene is any series of
hollow carbon molecules that hollow carbon molecules that
form either a closed cage, as form either a closed cage, as
in a buckyball, or a cylinder, in a buckyball, or a cylinder,
like a carbon nanotube. like a carbon nanotube.
Most researched/utilized Most researched/utilized
fullerene is the carbon-60 fullerene is the carbon-60
molecule (truncated molecule (truncated
icosaheedron)icosaheedron)
Three nanotubes can be made Three nanotubes can be made
by varying the chiral angle. by varying the chiral angle.

Arm-chairArm-chair

Zig-zagZig-zag

ChiralChiral
Chiral angle determines Chiral angle determines
conductivity conductivity

15. Applications of fullerenesApplications of fullerenes
SuperconductorsSuperconductors

By doping fullerenes with three variable atoms, a By doping fullerenes with three variable atoms, a
superconducting state can be achieved.superconducting state can be achieved.
MedicalMedical

Atoms can be trapped in a buckyball, in order to Atoms can be trapped in a buckyball, in order to
create a biological sponge.create a biological sponge.
HIV protease inhibitorHIV protease inhibitor

A buckyball can be inserted in the HIV protease active A buckyball can be inserted in the HIV protease active
site in order to stop replication.site in order to stop replication.