Democracy

full explanation with case studies

1. democracy class 9

2. introduction the word demoracy originated from two greek words ‘demos’ meaning people and ‘kratia’ meaning rule so democracy means rule by people Abram lincoln defined democracy as: ‘democracy is government of the people,by the people,for the people

3. what is democracy? democracy is a system of governace where the citizens of a country choose representatives who form governing body

4. features of democracy In democracy , the final decision making power must rest with those elected by the people a democracy must be based on free and fair election where those currently in power have a fair chance of losing in democracy each adult citizen must have one vote and each vote must have one value a democratic government rules within limits set by constitutional law and citizen rights

5. summary (for features) rulers elected by the people take all major decisions elections often a choice and fair oppotunity to the people too change the currebt rulers this choice and opportunity is available to all people on an equal basis; and the exercise of this choice leads to a government limited by basic rules of the constitution and citizen’s rights

6. Arguments against democracy Unstable: Different leaders are elected after a certain time interval. Lack of morality: Democracy involves political competition and power play Delay: Due to many people involved Bad decisions: Elected leaders are unaware of the best interests of people Corruption: Due to electoral competition Decision: Ordinary people should not decide for themselves because they do not know what is good for them

7. Arguments for democracy More accountable: Leaders need to respond to the needs of the people. Due to this, an independent and democratic country, like India has responded better to food scarcity than China. Provides method to deal with differences and conflicts: In a socially diverse country like India, difference and conflicts are likely to occur. Only when one knows that no one is a permanent winner or loser, we can peacefully resolve clashes. Improved quality of decision making: Due to consultation and discussion in a democracy and involvement of many people it is easier to point out mistakes in any decision. Enhancement of dignity of citizens: Since everyone is treated equally and each person in a democracy is a ruler himself, people are responsible for their own conduct. Correction of mistakes: In a democracy, mistakes cannot be hidden for wrong but are publically discussed and corrected.

8. Direct democracy in direct democracy the decision are not taken by th representative all decisions are voted by the people when a budget or a law needs to be passed, then the ide goes to the people and they take decision switerzerland ( still)

9. representative/indirect democracy in which the people elect representative to create laws and policies on their behalf in this power lies in the hands of the people’s represntative ex: India,UK,France reasons is-: it is physically impossible for them to sit together and take a collective decision

10. Broader meanings of democracy Representative democracy is the commonest form of democracy in the modern world. This system involves common people electing officials to represent them. Democracy may be used to describe an ideal standard that all democracies must aim to become. Unlike in monarchy or dictatorships, all citizens must show active political participation to make a country more democratic

11. pakistan

12. china

13. mexico

14. one person,one vote one value saudi arabia fiji estonia

15. zimbabwe(rule of law)

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