Demographic trends in Bangladesh by Shraboni

Demography

1. Demographic Trends Shraboni Roy Teaching Assistant Department of Graduate Nursing, BSMMU

2. Demography The term demography is made up of two words: “ Demos ”, means “ population ”, and “ graphy ”, means “ describe .” Demography is the science that researches and describes a population. More concretely, demography researches the size, composition and (age) structure , as well as the geographic distribution of human populations. In addition, demographers look at how a population develops, changes and reproduces over a certain period of time .

3. Demographic Trends Demographic trends focuses on enumerations that take stock of a population at a moment in time, and also flows of vital events-births, deaths, marriages and migratory movements . Three fundamental aspects are - the birth rate(fertility), the death rate (mortality), and emigration and immigration (migration).

4. Life Expectancy The term " life expectancy " refers to the number of years a person can expect to live . It is a statistical measure of approximation of average remaining years of life at a given age. Male 73.0 , female 75.6 and total life expectancy is 74.3 that gives Bangladesh a World Life Expectancy ranking of 85 (WHO, 2022). The current life expectancy for Bangladesh in 2024 is 73.82 years.

5. Morbidity Morbidity refers to the state of being diseased or the incidence of illness in a particular population or group typically measured by rates of sickness or disability . The morbidity rate measures the portion of people in a specific geographical location who contracted a particular disease during a specific period of time . It indicates the frequency of the disease appearing in a population.

6. Mortality Mortality refers to the state of being mortal or destined to die . Mortality rate is estimated total number of deaths in a population of a given sex and/or age, divided by the total number of this population , expressed per 100,000 population, for a given year, in a given country, territory, or geographic area.

7. Mortality For example there are 20 breast cancer deaths in one year in a population of 40,000, then the mortality rate for that population is 50 per 100,000.

8. Characteristics of Demography Age and sex structures Migration patterns Labour force status Dependency ratio Population growth Population density Ethnicity and Fertility and mortality ratios

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10. Tasks Process and Sources of Demography