Description of Cesarean section as a surgical procedure including preoperative, intraoperative and post operative instructions.pptx

Description of CS including relevant images.

1. Cesarean S ection (Student’s Name)

2. Introduction Definition Surgical procedure in which a baby is delivered through an incision in the mother's abdomen and uterus Reason Saves the life of the mother or fetus Indications : Previous C -section Fetal distress, presentation, size Breech presentation Placenta previa Maternal health conditions e.g. hypertension Pelvic abnormalities Contraindications: Compromised maternal status e.g. severe pulmonary disease Known fetal karyotypic abnormality   or congenital anomaly

3. Preoperative Preparation IV line Foley catheter Preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis Laboratory studies e.g. CBC Allergies Note any allergies to avoid complications during anesthesia or medication administration Position Supine position with arms extended Surgical site prep: Cleaned with an antiseptic solution Sterile drapes are used to create a sterile field

4. Preoperative Preparation Anesthesia R egional anesthesia ( epidural or spinal block) Instruments and equipment: Trays with surgical instruments for C-section Supplies and equipment e.g. suction devices and monitors Preoperative Count: S urgical instruments Sponges Sharps

5. Intraoperative Phase Procedure: Incisions through the abdominal wall Vertical Horizontal Accessing the uterus Delivering the baby Closing the incisions Specimens: Placental tissue for further examination

6. Intraoperative Phase Suture: Absorbable sutures or staples Dressings: Sterile dressings to the incision sites To promote healing and prevent infection Medications : A ntibiotics Analgesics

7. Postoperative Phase PACU: Close monitoring of vital signs Recovery from anesthesia Hospital stay Depends on the patient's condition Follow-up Visits T o monitor the patient's recovery

8. Postoperative Phase Post-op Care: Pain management Monitoring for signs of infection or complications, and Assistance with breastfeeding and newborn care Complications: Infection Excessive bleeding Impaired wound healing

9. Additional Considerations Recovery: Adequate rest and support Ambulation on postoperative day 1 Breastfeeding: Encouragement and support for breastfeeding Emotional support: C-sections may have emotional implications

10. References Singh, N., Pradeep, Y., & Jauhari , S. (2020). Indications and determinants of cesarean section: A cross-sectional study.  International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research ,  10 (4), 280-285 . Häger , R. M., Daltveit , A. K., Hofoss , D., Nilsen, S. T., Kolaas , T., Øian , P., & Henriksen , T. (2004). Complications of cesarean deliveries: rates and risk factors.  American journal of obstetrics and gynecology ,  190 (2), 428-434 . Dresang , L. T., & Leeman , L. (2012). Cesarean delivery.  Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice ,  39 (1), 145-165.