Design of combustion chamber of ic Engine

Combustion Chamber

1. A L L A H

3. 
FUEL INJECTED INTO COMBUSTION
CHAMBER MUST BE MIXED THOROUGHLY
WITH COMPRESSED AIR

DISTR EVENLY THROUGHOUT THE CHAMBER
COMBUSTION CHAMBER DESIGN COMBUSTION CHAMBER DESIGN
(Diesel Engines)(Diesel Engines)
ENGINE FUNCTION AT MAX EFFICIENCY AND EXHIBIT
MAX DRIVE ABILITY

4. 
OPEN CHAMBEROPEN CHAMBER

SIMPLEST FORM OF CHAMBER

SUITABLE ONLY FOR SLOW SPEED , FOUR
STROKE CYCLE ENGINES

USED WIDELY IN TWO STROKE CYCLE
DIESEL ENGINE

FUEL IS INJECTED DIRECTLY INTO THE
SPACE AT THE TOP OF CYLINDER
TYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERTYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER

5. 
OPEN CHAMBER OPEN CHAMBER (DESIGN ASPECT)(DESIGN ASPECT)

COMBUSTION SPACE, FORMED BY THE TOP
OF THE PISTON AND CYLINDER HEAD, IS
USUALLY SHAPED PROVIDE SWIRLING
ACTION OF THE AIR AS PISTON COMES UP
ON COMPRESSION STROKE

NO SPECIAL POCKETS, CELLS OR PASSAGES
TO AID THE MIXING OF FUEL & AIR

REQS HIGHER INJECTION PRESSURE AND
GREATER DEGREE OF FUEL ATOMIZATION
TYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERTYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER

6. TYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERTYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER

OPEN CHAMBER OPEN CHAMBER (DESIGN ASPECT)(DESIGN ASPECT)

SWIRLSWIRL MEANS ROTATIONAL MOTION OF
MIXTURE OR AIR INSIDE CYLINDER

CAN BE DONE BY SHAPING AND
CONTOURING THE INTAKE MANIFOLD,
VALVE PORTS & PISTON FACE

OPEN CHAMBER OPEN CHAMBER (DESIGN FLAW)(DESIGN FLAW)
DESIGN IS SUSCEPTIBLE TO IGNITION
LAG

7. 
PRE-COMBUSTION CHAMBERPRE-COMBUSTION CHAMBER

IT IS AUXILIARY CHAMBER
AT THE TOP OF CYLINDER

CONNECTED WITH MAIN
COMBUSTION CHAMBER BY
A RESTRICTED THROAT OF
PASSAGE

PRECOMBUSTION CHAMBER
CONDITIONSCONDITIONS THE FUEL FOR
FINAL COMBUSTION
TYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERTYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER

8. 
PRE-COMBUSTION PRE-COMBUSTION
CHAMBERCHAMBER

HOLLOWED OUT PORTION
OF THE PISTON TOP
CAUSES TURBULENCETURBULENCE IN
MAIN COMBUSTION
CHAMBER AS THE FUEL
ENTERS FROM PRE-
COMBUSTION CHAMBER
TO AID MIXING WITH AIR
TYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERTYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER

9. 
COMBUSTION PROCESS IN PRE-COMBUSTION COMBUSTION PROCESS IN PRE-COMBUSTION
CHAMBERCHAMBER

DURING COMPRESSION STROKE, AIR IS FORCED
INTO PRE-COMBUSTION CHAMBER

DUE TO COMPRESSED AIR, IT BECOMES HOT

AT START OF INJECTION, THE PRE-COMBUSTION
CHAMBER CONTAINS A DEFINITE VOLUME OF AIR

AS INJECTION BEGINS, COMBUSTION BEGINS IN
PRE-COMBUSTION CHAMBER

BURNING OF FUEL COMBINED WITH RESTD
PASSAGE CREATES TERMENDOUS AMOUNT OF TERMENDOUS AMOUNT OF
PRESSUREPRESSURE IN PRE-COMBUSTION CHAMBER
TYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERTYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER

10. 
COMBUSTION PROCESS IN PRE-COMBUSTION COMBUSTION PROCESS IN PRE-COMBUSTION
CHAMBERCHAMBER

THIS INITIAL COMBUSTION CAUSES
SUPERHEATED FUEL CHARGESUPERHEATED FUEL CHARGE TO ENTER MAIN
COMBUSTION CHAMBER WITH TERMENDOUS
VELOCITY

ENTERING MIXTURE HITS THE HOLLWED-OUT
PISTON TOP, CREATING TURBULENCE TO
ENSURE COMPLETE MIXING OF FUEL CHARGEFUEL CHARGE
WITH AIR TO ENSURE COMPLETE COMBUSTION
TYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERTYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER
RICH RICH
MIXTUREMIXTURE

11. TYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERTYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER

PRE-COMBUSTION CHAMBER PRE-COMBUSTION CHAMBER (ADV)(ADV)
NOT VERY VULN TO IGNITION LAG
THEREFORE SUITABLE FOR HIGH SPEED
APPLICATION

12. 
TURBULENCE CHAMBERTURBULENCE CHAMBER

SIMILAR IN APPEARANCE TO PRE-COMBUSTION
CHAMBER BUT DIFFER IN FUNCTION

IT HAS VERY LITTLE CLEARANCE B/W TOP VERY LITTLE CLEARANCE B/W TOP
PISTON AND HEADPISTON AND HEAD SO THAT HIGH PERCENTAGE
OF AIR BE DIRECTED TOWARDS TURBULENCE
CHAMBER (USUALLY SPHERICALUSUALLY SPHERICAL)

OPENING B/W TURBULENCE CHAMBER & MAIN
COMBUSTION CHAMBER IS MADE SMALLER TO
INC VELOCITY OF AIR
TYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERTYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER

13. 
TURBULENCE CHAMBERTURBULENCE CHAMBER

TURBULENCE SPEED IS APPROX 5050 TIMES OF
CRANKSHAFT SPEED

FUEL INJECTION IS TIMED TO OCCUR WHEN
TURBULENCE IN THE CHAMBER IS MAX

ENSURE MIXING OF FUEL & AIR TO HAVE
GREATER PART OF COMBUSTIONGREATER PART OF COMBUSTION TAKES PLACE
IN TURBULENCE CHAMBER ITSELF
TYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERTYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER

14. 
TURBULENCE CHAMBERTURBULENCE CHAMBER

PRESSURE CREATED BY EXPANSION OF BURNT
GASES IS THE FORCE THAT DRIVES PISTON
DOWNWARD ON POWER STROKE
TYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERTYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER

15. 
SPHERICAL COMBUSTION CHAMBERSPHERICAL COMBUSTION CHAMBER

HAVING BASIC OPEN-TYPE CHAMBER WITH SPHERICAL-SPHERICAL-
SHAPED RELIEF AT THE TOP OF PISTON HEADSHAPED RELIEF AT THE TOP OF PISTON HEAD

CHAMBER WORKS WITH INJECTORINJECTOR & INTAKE PORTINTAKE PORT THAT
PRODUCE SWIRLING EFFECT ON INTAKE AIR AS IT ENTERS THE
CHAMBER
TYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERTYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER
PISTONPISTON
SPHERICAL- SHAPED RELIEF/ SPHERICAL- SHAPED RELIEF/
CAVITYCAVITY

16. 
OP OF SPHERICAL COMBUSTION CHAMBEROP OF SPHERICAL COMBUSTION CHAMBER

A SWIRL EFFSWIRL EFF INTRO TO AIR AT ENTERANCE BY THE SHAPE OF INTAKE PORT
TYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERTYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER

17. 
OP OF SPHERICAL COMBUSTION CHAMBEROP OF SPHERICAL COMBUSTION CHAMBER

DURING COMPRESSION STROKE, THE SWIRLING MOTION OF THE
AIR CONT AS TEMP IN CHAMBER INC
TYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERTYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER

18. TYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERTYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER

OP OF SPHERICAL COMBUSTION CHAMBEROP OF SPHERICAL COMBUSTION CHAMBER

AS FUEL IS INJECTED, APPROX 95% OF IT IS DEPOSITED ON HEAD OF
PISTON AND REMAINING MIXES WITH THE AIR IN SPHERICAL
COMBUSTION CHAMBER

19. 
OP OF SPHERICAL COMBUSTION CHAMBEROP OF SPHERICAL COMBUSTION CHAMBER

AS COMBUSTION BEGINS THE MAIN PORTION OF FUEL IS SWEPT
OFF OF THE PISTON HEAD BY HIGH VELOCITY SWIRL, CREATED BY
INTAKE & COMPRESSION STROKES

AS FUEL IS SWEPT OFF THE HEAD, IT BURNS THROUGH POWER
STROKE
TYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERTYPES OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER