Developmental Psychology//Developmental Age Groups// Psychological Needs of Different Age Groups

Developmental Psychology is a branch of Psychology which focuses on how individuals grow and develop throughout their lives and examines the psychological processes of development from Infancy through childhood, adolescence, and adulthood, and into old age.

1. LONG ESSAY 1 x 10 = 10 Marks 1. SHORT ESSAYS 3 x 5 = 15 Marks 2. 3. 4. SHORT ANSWERS 3 x 2 = 6 Marks 5. 6. 7. Multiple Choice Questions 7 x 1 = 7 Marks 8. …………………………….. 9. ……………………………... 10. ……………………………. 11. …………………………….. 12. …………………………..... 13. ……………………………. 14. …………………………….. ********** APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY SECTION – B (RS-6) QUESTIONS PATTERN Max. Marks: 38

2. Mr. WASIM

3. 10 MARKS 5 MARKS 2 MARKS

4. Developmental psychology

5. CONTENTS WHAT IS DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY? DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES/GROUPS PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS / PSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF VARIOUS AGE GROUPS - Infancy, Childhood, Adolescence, Adulthood and Old age. CHILD PSYCHOLOGY ROLE OF NURSE IN MEETING PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS OF CHILDREN PSYCHOLOGY OF VULNERABLE INDIVIDUALS - CHALLANGED, WOMEN, SICK ROLE OF NURSE WITH VULNERABLE GROUP. 16-Jun-2023 16-Jan-2024 Focus

6. DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES/GROUPS DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES AGES New Born 0-1 month Infants 1-12 months Toddlers 1-3 years Early Childhood or Preschoolers 3-5 years Middle Childhood or School-Age Children 6-12 years Adolescents 13-18 years Young Adults 18-30 years Middle Adulthood 30-50 years Late Adulthood 50-60 years Old Age 60+ years

7. PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS OF INFANCY

8. PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS OF CHILDHOOD

9. PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS OF ADOLESCENCE

10. PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS OF ADULTHOOD

11. PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS OF OLD AGE

12. CHILD PSYCHOLOGY

13. Developmental Milestones: Child psychologists study the typical milestones of development across various domains, including physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development. Understanding these milestones helps in assessing children's progress and identifying potential delays or concerns. Attachment Theory: Attachment theory explores the bond between children and their caregivers, emphasizing the importance of secure attachments for healthy emotional development. Child psychologists study how attachment styles influence children's relationships and behavior later in life. Cognitive Development: Child psychologists investigate how children acquire knowledge, problem-solving skills, language, and abstract thinking abilities. Key theories in cognitive development include Piaget's stages of cognitive development and Vygotsky's sociocultural theory. Social and Emotional Development: Child psychologists examine how children develop social skills, empathy, self-awareness, and emotional regulation. They explore factors such as peer relationships, family dynamics, temperament, and cultural influences on social-emotional development.

14. Behavioral Psychology: Behavioral approaches focus on understanding and modifying children's behavior through principles of reinforcement, punishment, and modeling. Techniques such as behavior therapy and applied behavior analysis (ABA) are commonly used to address behavioral issues in children. Parenting and Family Dynamics: Child psychologists study the impact of parenting styles, family structure, and dynamics on children's development and well-being. They provide guidance and support to parents in fostering positive parent-child relationships and creating nurturing environments. Educational Psychology: Child psychologists collaborate with educators to understand how children learn and develop academic skills. They may assess learning disabilities, provide educational interventions, and design strategies to promote academic success. Psychopathology and Intervention: Child psychologists assess and treat various mental health issues affecting children, such as anxiety disorders, depression, ADHD, autism spectrum disorders, and trauma-related disorders. They use evidence-based interventions tailored to the child's needs and developmental stage.

15. Assessment: Nurses conduct comprehensive assessments of children's psychological needs, including emotional well-being, behavior, and coping mechanisms. Through observation and communication, nurses identify signs of distress, anxiety, or other psychological concerns. Emotional Support: Nurses provide emotional support and comfort to children during medical procedures, hospitalizations, and stressful situations. They offer reassurance, empathy, and active listening to help children express their feelings and cope with fear or anxiety. Therapeutic Communication: Nurses utilize therapeutic communication techniques to build rapport with children and establish trust. They communicate in age-appropriate language, using empathy and active listening to validate children's emotions and concerns. Play Therapy: Nurses incorporate play therapy techniques to engage children in therapeutic activities that promote emotional expression, problem-solving, and coping skills. Play provides a safe outlet for children to explore their feelings, process experiences, and develop resilience.

16. Behavioral Support: Nurses collaborate with multidisciplinary teams to develop behavior management plans for children with behavioral challenges or mental health disorders. They implement positive reinforcement strategies, behavior modification techniques, and coping interventions to support children's emotional regulation and self-control. Family-Centered Care: Nurses involve families in the care of their children, recognizing the importance of family support in meeting psychological needs. They provide education and guidance to parents on how to support their child's emotional well-being and cope with stressors. Crisis Intervention: Nurses are trained to respond to crises and emergencies involving children, such as accidents, trauma, or acute psychiatric episodes. They provide immediate support, assess safety concerns, and initiate appropriate interventions to stabilize the child's emotional state. Advocacy: Nurses advocate for the psychological needs of children within healthcare settings, ensuring access to mental health services, psychosocial support, and resources. They collaborate with healthcare providers, educators, and community organizations to address systemic barriers and promote holistic care for children.

17. PSYCHOLOGY OF VULNERABLE INDIVIDUALS - CHALLANGED, WOMEN, SICK

18. PSYCHOLOGY OF CHALLENGED INDIVIDUALS

19. PSYCHOLOGY OF WOMEN

20. PSYCHOLOGY OF SICK INDIVIDUALS

21. ROLE OF NURSE WITH VULNERABLE GROUP Nurses play a crucial role in providing care and support to vulnerable groups in society. Vulnerable groups can include individuals who are elderly, homeless, mentally ill, physically disabled, or suffering from chronic illnesses.

22. Advocacy: Nurses advocate for the rights and needs of vulnerable individuals, ensuring they receive appropriate care and support. Advocacy involves securing access to healthcare services, social services, and resources promoting well-being. Assessment: Nurses conduct comprehensive assessments to determine the physical, mental, emotional, and social needs of vulnerable individuals. Assessments identify potential risks and inform the development of personalized care plans. Health Promotion and Education: Nurses educate vulnerable individuals on healthy lifestyle choices, disease prevention, and self-care techniques. Empowering individuals with knowledge and skills enables them to take control of their health and improve their quality of life. Care Coordination: Nurses collaborate with healthcare professionals, social workers, and community organizations to coordinate comprehensive care. Coordination includes arranging medical appointments, transportation, and linking individuals with social support services.

23. Medication Management: Nurses manage medications for vulnerable individuals with complex health needs. Responsibilities include administering medications, monitoring for adverse reactions, and educating patients on proper medication use. Emotional Support: Nurses provide emotional support and comfort to vulnerable individuals experiencing stress, anxiety, or depression. Through active listening and compassionate care, nurses help individuals cope with difficult emotions and build resilience. Crisis Intervention: Nurses are often the first responders in medical emergencies or mental health crises involving vulnerable individuals. They provide immediate care, stabilize the situation, and initiate appropriate interventions to ensure safety and well-being. Health Equity: Nurses advocate for health equity and social justice for vulnerable populations. They work to address disparities in healthcare access, treatment, and outcomes by promoting policies and practices prioritizing the needs of vulnerable individuals.