Deworming Procedure & Doses for Different Species.pdf

Deworming Procedure and Doses for different Animals

1. Deworming Procedure &
Doses for Different Species

Medicine Clinic | (MEDI-302), 1(0-1)
Dr. Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta

Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences,
Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan

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2. What is Deworming?

* Deworming is the giving of
an anthelmintic drug to animal
to rid them of helminths
parasites such as round worms,
flukes and tapeworms.

+ Importance
* to reduce internal parasites.

3. Deworming in Large Animals

4. Horses

* current recommendation
+ only be treated if they show signs of a heavy parasite load.

+ Most adult horses develop immunity to parasites
* Horses with a high level of immunity don’t shed many eggs

* horses less than three years old are more susceptible to parasite
infection and are at greater risk of developing parasite-related
disease

5. METHODS

* Horses are most often dewormed with a paste or gel placed on the
back of the animal's mouth via a dosing syringe.

* Feed dewormers are also used
* Injectable

7. Adult Horse Schedule

* Low Shedders (<200 EPG — eggs per gram of manure)
+ Fecal Egg Count performed prior to deworming in spring (ideally spring and
fall)
+ Spring (March) — ivermectin (Equell®, Zimectrin®, Rotectin®, lverCare®),
moxidectin (Quest®)
+ Fall (October) — ivermectin w/praziquantel (Equimax®, Zimectrin Gold®) or
moxidectin with praziquantel (Quest Plus®)

8. Adult Horse Schedule

* Moderate Shedders (200 - 500 EPG)

+ Fecal Egg Count performed prior to deworming in spring (ideally spring and
fall)

+ Spring (March) — Ivermectin (Equell®, Zimectrin®, Rotectin®, IverCare, etc),
moxidectin (Quest®) or double-dose fenbendazole for 5 days (Panacur®
PowerPak)

+ Late Summer (July) — pyrantel pamoate (Strongid paste®, TapeCare Plus®, etc),
fenbendazole (Panacur®, Safe-Guard®)

+ Early Winter (November) — ivermectin w/ praziquantel (Equimax®, Zimectrin
Gold®) or moxidectin with praziquantel (Quest Plus®)

9. Adult Horse Schedule

+ High Shedders (>500 EPG)

+ Fecal Egg Count performed prior to deworming in spring and fall to monitor
for signs of resistance

+ Spring (March) — ivermectin (Equell®, Zimectrin®, Rotectin®, IverCare®),
moxidectin (Quest®) or double-dose of fenbendazole for 5 days (Panacur®
PowerPak)

+ Summer (June) — pyrantel pamoate (Strongid paste”, TapeCare Plus®),
fenbendazole (Panacur, SafeGuard®) or Oxibendazole (Anthelcide®)

+ Fall (September) — ivermectin w/ praziquantel (Equimax®, Zimectrin Gold®) or
moxidectin with praziquantel (Quest Plus®)

+ Winter (December) — pyrantel pamoate (Strongid paste®, TapeCare Plus®),
fenbendazole (Panacur®, SafeGuard®) or Oxibendazole (Anthelcide®)

10. Pregnant Mares

* Deworm as usual, but when you administer vaccinations 4-6 prior to
foaling, deworm with ivermectin w/praziquantel (Equimax®,Zimectrin
Gold®) or moxidectin with praziquantel (Quest Plus®)

11. Foal Schedule

+ 2 months of age — ivermectin (Equell®, Zimectrin®, Rotectin®,
IverCare®)

* 4 months — oxibendazole (Anthelcide EQ®)
* Optimally treat with pyrantel pamoate (Strongid®) at 5 months

* 6 months — moxidectin with praziquantel (Quest Plus®)

* 8 months — pyrantel pamoate (Strongid®)
* Optimally treat with fenbendazole (Panacur®, SafeGuard®) at 9 months

+ 10 months — ivermectin (Equell®, Zimectrin®, Rotectin®, IverCare®)
+ 12 months — fenbendazole (Panacur®, SafeGuard®)

12. Deworming Protocol Guidelines

+ Non-chemical parasite management:
+ Rotate pastures
* Cross graze pastures with ruminants if possible
+ Remove manure frequently
+ Harrow/drag pastures in hot/dry weather and keep horses out for 2 months
+ Avoid overstocking pastures

* Deworming schedules (in general):

+ Deworm foals every two months, starting at 2 months of age, for the first year
of their life.

+ Individual horses will often require different deworming programs, even if
living in the same or similar environments.

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13. Deworming Protocol Guidelines

+ Measure the success of parasite control by doing fecal analysis at
least once a year.
+ Fecal floatation—an estimate of the parasite eggs in the horse
+ Fecal egg count reduction test—worm egg count should decrease 90% when
measured 14 days after deworming, depending on the product used.
* Eliminate tapeworms from horses once a year with use of a
dewormer containing praziquantel (Zimectrin Gold.or Quest Plus.).

* Don’t use the same pasture or paddocks year after year for mares and
foals.

14. Cattle

* Calves under one year of age are more susceptible than older cattle.
* The pregnant cows can be dewormed in the fall.

15. Dairy Cows

* Mature cows should be wormed at the end of lactation to avoid
discarding milk

+ Or wormed at any time with Morantel tartrate, because this product
does not require discarding of milk.

+ Replacement heifers should be wormed as yearlings and again prior
to entering the milking herd.

* Dairy Calves

* Dairy calves confined to small lots frequently carry heavy loads of
worm parasites.

* It may be necessary to worm them twice or more during warm
weather to maintain desired growth rates.

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16. General Use Dewormers

+ Fenbendazole (Panacur)
+ available as a stable suspension or granules.
+ effective against
* roundworms in the gut,
+ larval forms in the tissues, and
+ lungworms.
+ Withdrawal time to slaughter is 8 days.

* Ivermectin (Ivomec)

+ effective medication against the internal worm parasites including lungworms as well
as cattle grubs and sucking lice.

+ available in injectable or pour-on formulations.
+ Withdrawal time to slaughter is 35 days.

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17. General Use Dewormers

* Levamisole (Levisol, Tramisol)
+ Available in
+ boluses,
* a paste for oral administration,
* asa pour-on
* an injectable form.
+ effective against roundworms and lungworms.
+ Withdrawal time is (orally) 2 days and (injected) 7 days.
+ Morantel tartrate (Rumatel)
* comes in boluses or crumbles for oral use.
+ It is effective against roundworms,
+ 14-day withdrawal time to slaughter.

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18. General Use Dewormers

* Thiabendazole (Omnizole)
* paste, boluses, suspension, or crumbles.
+ effective against roundworms.
+ Thiabendazole is approved for use in lactating cows and has a 96-hour milk discard
time
+ Withdrawal time to slaughter is 3 days.
+ Albendazole (Valbazen)
* paste or suspension.
+ effective against all intestinal worms including tapeworms, and lungworms as well as
liver flukes.
+ 27-day withdrawal for slaughter.
+ should not be used in animals during the first 45 days of pregnancy

19. General Use Dewormers

* Oxfendazole (Synonthic)
+ effective against intestinal parasites including tapeworms.
+ available in the drench form.

20. Methods for Administration

* Orally

+ drenching, with a dose syringe or with multiple dose equipment with a
backpack reservoir.

+ Avoid getting any of the wormer into the lungs where it could initiate
pneumonia.

* Pour-on formulations
+ direct application to the skin.

21. Cont.

* Injections
+ The injections should be under the skin of the neck, not into the muscle.
+ Do not inject more than 10 ml of drug in a single site
* Feed-Incorporated Materials
+ Crumbles or granules that can be incorporated into the feed
* Boluses
« should be given with a balling gun to get them past the base of the tongue

22. Sheep and Goats

* Sheep and goats are susceptible to worms due to their close grazing
behavior.

+ Lambs should be wormed at 8 weeks of age and again every 4-8
weeks until a year of age

* Ewes should be wormed 2-4 weeks before lambing.
* Does in early pregnancy should not be dewormed to avoid abortion.

« At least once a year, deworming should be performed in sheep and
goats

23. Dogs and Cats

* Worming schedules will vary depending on age.

* Deworm puppies and kittens at two, four, six and eight weeks of age,
then again at 12 and 16 weeks of age.

* Deworm again at six months and one year. Then deworm as an adult.

» Adults - Worming Dogs and Cats

* General Dog or Cat Worming: Twice a year for life.
* Newly Acquired Animals

* Deworm immediately and repeat in two weeks.

24. Birds

* It is recommended that all birds, whether they are breeders or pets,
inside or outside birds, are wormed four times a year.

25. Dose Rate of Dewormer for Birds

* Wazine 17 (Piperazine)
o Dosage: 1 oz/gallon drinking water
o Duration: Give medicated water for 24 hours, Use as sole source of
drinking water. Retreat 30 days later
o Withdrawal Time: 17 days (eggs), 14 days (meat)
o Affective against: Roundworms

26. * Valbazen (Albendazole 113.6mg/mL)

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Dosage: 20 mg/kg
Duration: One time dose, orally
Withdrawal Time: 20 days (eggs)

) Affective against: Roundworms, cecal worms, capillary worms,

tapeworms, and gapeworms
Do not give during molt. It can interfere with feather regrowth.

* Strike III (Hygromycin B) VFD Drug: Requires Rx, inspection in the last 6
months, must be used in 6 months, keep paperwork on file for 2 years.

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Dosage: 12g/ton : 1 scoop per lb feed/ 1 bag Strike III per 50 lbs feed.
Duration: Keep in feed for 2 months

Withdrawal Time: 0 days (eggs), 3 days (meat)

Affective against: Roundworms, cecal worms, and capillary worms

) Additional info: This is an antibiotic.

27. Dose Rates for Different Animals

Benzimidazole Form/Route Spectrum Animals Dose
Gl worms, lung worms (sheep),
Thiabendazole | Oral preparation; oral paste | fungicidal (crop), cestode, trematodes, | Horse, Cattle, sheep and 66-110mg/kg
goat
Ascaris suum and Trichuris (pigs)
kobimi j Tapeworm (head and segments), 7.5m8/kg Liver fluke
Nitobimin (Pro- | Formulated as suspension : ae
ia x aspen Moniezia expansa, Haemonchus spp. Cattle and sheep require a higher dose of
Benzimidazole) | for oral administration as =
7.5m8/kg for cattle: 5mg/
kg for sheep: 10 & 75mg/
Tapeworms, abomasal and :
Albendazole pension for oral | intestinal nematodes, liver fluke and Cattle and sheep Kg! rs ——
(rench) | jungworms, ovicidal and antigiardial se
treat giardial for 3 days
Suspension for oral
se administration; injectable | The same as albendazole except that in (ande) 75m
bale tk solutions (15%) for itis not recommended for the control Cattle and sheep aS sl
dt) | Fubeutaneous administration ofliver fluke ks (sheep)

in cattle

28. 10mg/kg (Rumnt) 6 mg/

It comes as paste, s
Febantl london tables etek mas Ruminants horses, dogs, | kg (Horse) 10mg/ke (Dog
) nn nu cats and pigs and cat for 3 days) 20mg/
kg (Pig)
Tapeworms (head and segments),
; abomasal and intestinal nematodes, 10mg/kg (cattle) Smg/kg
Fenbendazole nn lungworms, hookworms in dogs, | “te: ag _ horse, | (sheep goat and horse) 50
strongyle spp in horses. It has ovicidal Pig 8 mg/kg (hookworms in dog)
activities

dolar LN Onlyin cattle, sheepand | 45mg/kg(cattle) 5mg/kg
Oxfendazole Oral administration Type 1 and type 2 ostertegiasis | (coop) Male (ae)
, 10mg/kg sheep and cattle

Oxibendazole | Oral suspension and paste | Adult and larva stage of GInemstodes | IE" e shorp and while 10-15mg/kg in

ve horses
Strongyles, large round worms,
: mature and immature larval stages
7 Available as paste tablets, | Morse Treatment | Horse sheep.gost game | go 14 (Horse) 15mg/
jebendazole granules, drench and as : birds, pigs, deer, dog and
red for medicated feed | _ of hookworms, whipworms and pere kg (sheep and goat)
Pi tapeworms in dogs at 22 mg/kg for 3
consecutive days
Sma/ks (single oral

Flubendazole

Oral medication in the form
of tablets, pastes, pellets and
‘premise

Lungworms, round worms, nedular
Worms and whip worme

Pigs, chickens. turkeys.
game birds

medication) 30mg/kg in
feed for 10 days in pigs:
60mg /kg in feed for 7
days in poultry: 22m8/
kg in dogs and cats for
‘treating GI parasites and
apeworme

29. Drug Animal Dose
P

|
kg SC
Nitroxynil Cattle and sheep 10mg/kg SC
Oxyclozanide Cattle and sheep 10-15mg/kg PO
7.5mg/kg PO or

Diamphenethide 100mg /kg PO

7.5mg/kg PO or 4mg/
kg SC

Niclofolan Cattle and sheep 3mg/kg PO

Clorsulon Cattle and sheep

30. Any Question?