DIETETICS-FINAL.pptx777777777777777777777777777777

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1. DIETETIAN DEFINITION OF DIETETIAN

2. DIETETICS A dietitian is an expert/specialist in dietetics; that is, human nutrition and the regulation of diet in order to promote good health. A dietitian alters their patient's nutrition based upon their medical conditions and individual needs. Dietitians are regulated healthcare professionals licensed to assess, diagnose, and treat nutritional problems. Public interest in nutrition for maintaining good health throughout life is what is paramount about dietetics Dietetics- Is the study of human Nutrition and the regulation of diet based on medical condition and individual needs in order to promote good health .

3. DIETETIAN Public interest in nutrition for maintaining good health throughout life has never been stronger. Completing a degree in Dietetics and Nutrition is your first step to becoming a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN; also known as an RD). RDNs work with people of all ages, cultures, and economic means. RDNs are credentialed health professionals who apply nutritional science to individuals, families, communities and beyond to help their clients address nutritional needs

4. DIETETICS ROLES Dietitians are uniquely qualified to manage the nutritional care of people with special dietary needs and to promote health. Dietitians work in clinical situations such as hospitals, private practice, Public Health Organizations, and community settings. Diet Food Service Managers Government and non-Governmental Organization advisors influence nutrition in their roles as: Industry Managers Educators Researchers

5. DIETETIAN Dietetics and Nutrition is a challenging curriculum that prepares students to become RDNs and to practice in diverse settings such as hospitals, clinical practices, other healthcare facilities, universities, government agencies, research facilities, food and pharmaceutical companies, public health organizations, public wellness programs, school food-service, commercial foodservice, journalism, marketing, sports nutrition, and corporate wellness programs.  

6. Common warnings signs of diabetes include: Increased  thirst . Increased  hunger  (especially after eating) Dry mouth . Frequent  urination or urine infections. Unexplained  weight loss  (even though you are eating and feel hungry) Fatigue  (weak,  tired  feeling) Blurred vision. Headaches.

7. Diabetes diet: Create your healthy-eating plan A diabetes diet is simply a healthy-eating plan that will help you control your blood sugar. Here's help getting started, from meal planning to exchange lists and counting carbohydrates

8. Definition of a Diabetic Diet A diabetes diet simply means eating the healthiest foods in moderate amounts and sticking to regular mealtimes A diabetes diet is a healthy-eating plan that's naturally rich in nutrients and low in fat and starchy foods/calories . Key elements are fruits, vegetables and whole grains( Parboiled rice/ pusawa rice, bulgur, millet, couscous). In fact, a diabetes diet is the best eating plan for most everyone.

9. Purpose of a Dietetics Diet If you have diabetes or prediabetes, your doctor will likely recommend that you see a dietitian to help you develop a healthy eating plan. The plan helps you control your blood sugar (glucose), manage your weight and control risk factors for heart disease, such as high blood pressure and high blood fats. When you eat excess calories and fat, your body responds by creating an undesirable rise in blood glucose. If blood glucose isn't kept in check, it can lead to serious problems, such as a dangerously high blood glucose level (hyperglycemia) and long-term complications, such as nerve, kidney and heart damage. You can help keep your blood glucose level in a safe range by making healthy food choices and tracking your eating habits.

10. Purpose of a Diabetic Diet For most people with type 2 diabetes, weight loss also can make it easier to control blood glucose and offers a host of other health benefits. If you need to lose weight, a diabetes diet provides a well-organized, nutritious way to reach your goal safely.

11. Diet details A diabetes diet is based on eating three meals a day at regular times. This helps your body better use the insulin it produces or gets through a medication. A registered dietitian can help you put together a diet based on your health goals, tastes and lifestyle. He or she can also talk with you about how to improve your eating habits, for example, by choosing portion sizes that suit the needs for your size and level of activity.

12. Recommended foods Make your calories count with these nutritious foods Healthy carbohydrates.  During digestion, sugars (simple carbohydrates) and starches (complex carbohydrates) break down into blood glucose. Focus on the healthiest carbohydrates, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes (beans, peas and lentils) and low-fat dairy products. Fiber-rich foods.  Dietary fiber includes all parts of plant foods that your body can't digest or absorb. Fiber moderates how your body digests and helps control blood sugar levels. Foods high in fiber include vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes (beans, peas and lentils), whole-wheat flour and wheat bran

13. Recommended foods Heart-healthy fish.   Eat heart-healthy fish at least twice a week.  Fish can be a good alternative to high-fat meats. For example, cod, tuna and halibut have less total fat, saturated fat and cholesterol than do meat and poultry. Fish such as salmon, mackerel, tuna, sardines and bluefish are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which promote heart health by lowering blood fats called triglycerides. Avoid fried fish and fish with high levels of mercury, such as tilefish, swordfish and king mackerel.

14. Recommended foods "Good" fats.  Foods containing monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats can help lower your cholesterol levels. These include avocados, almonds, pecans, walnuts, olives, and canola, olive and peanut oils. But don't overdo it, as all fats are high in calories.

15. Foods to avoid Diabetes increases your risk of heart disease and stroke by accelerating the development of clogged and hardened arteries. Foods containing the following can work against your goal of a heart-healthy diet. Saturated fats.  High-fat dairy products and animal proteins such as beef, hot dogs, sausage and bacon contain saturated fats.

16. Foods to avoid Trans fats.  These types of fats are found in processed snacks, baked goods, shortening and stick margarines. Avoid these items. Cholesterol.  Sources of cholesterol include high-fat dairy products and high-fat animal proteins, egg yolks, liver, and other organ meats. Aim for no more than 200 milligrams (mg) of cholesterol a day. Sodium.  Aim for less than 2,300 mg of sodium a day. However, if you also have hypertension, you should aim for less than 1,500 mg of sodium a day.

17. Creating a plan A few different approaches to creating a diabetes diet are available to help you keep your blood glucose level within a normal range. With a dietitian's help, you may find one or a combination of the following methods works for you:

18. The plate method.  The American Diabetes Association offers a simple seven-step method of meal planning. In essence, it focuses on eating more vegetables. When preparing your plate, fill one-half of it with non- starchy vegetables, such as spinach, carrots and tomatoes. Fill one-quarter with a protein, such as tuna or lean pork. Fill the last quarter with a whole-grain item or starchy food. Add a serving of fruit or dairy and a drink of water or unsweetened tea or coffee.

19. Counting carbohydrates.  Because carbohydrates break down into glucose, they have the greatest impact on your blood glucose level. To help control your blood sugar, eat about the same amount of carbohydrates each day, at regular intervals, especially if you take diabetes medications or insulin.

20. A dietitian can teach you how to measure food portions and become an educated reader of food labels, paying special attention to serving size and carbohydrate content. If you're taking insulin, he or she can teach you how to count the amount of carbohydrates in each meal or snack and adjust your insulin dose accordingly.

21. The exchange lists system.  A dietitian may recommend using food exchange lists to help you plan meals and snacks. The lists are organized by categories, such as carbohydrates, protein sources and fats One serving in a category is called a "choice." A food choice has about the same amount of carbohydrates, protein, fat and calories — and the same effect on your blood glucose — as a serving of every other food in that same category. So, for example, you could choose to eat half of a large ear of corn or 1/3 cup of cooked pasta for one starch cho

22. Glycemic index.  Some people who have diabetes use the glycemic index to select foods, especially carbohydrates. This method ranks carbohydrate-containing foods based on their effect on blood glucose levels. Talk with your dietitian about whether this method might work for you

23. A sample menu When planning meals, take into account your size and activity level. The following menu is tailored for someone who needs 1,200 to 1,600 calories a day. Breakfast.  Whole-wheat bread (1 medium slice) with 2 teaspoons jelly, 1/2 cup shredded wheat cereal with a cup of 1 percent low-fat milk, a piece of fruit, coffee Lunch.  Cheese and veggie pita, medium apple with 2 tablespoons almond butter, water Dinner.  Salmon, 1 1/2 teaspoons vegetable oil, small baked potato, 1/2 cup carrots, side salad (1 1/2 cups spinach, 1/2 of a tomato, 1/4 cup chopped bell pepper, 2 teaspoons olive oil, 1 1/2 teaspoons red wine vinegar), unsweetened iced tea Snack.  2 1/2 cups popcorn or an orange with 1/2 cup 1 percent low-fat cottage cheese

24. Results Embracing your healthy-eating plan is the best way to keep your blood glucose level under control and prevent diabetes complications. And if you need to lose weight, you can tailor it to your specific goals. Aside from managing your diabetes, a diabetes diet offers other benefits, too. Because a diabetes diet recommends generous amounts of fruits, vegetables and fiber, following it is likely to reduce your risk of cardiovascular diseases and certain types of cancer. And consuming low-fat dairy products can reduce your risk of low bone mass in the future.

25. Risks If you have diabetes, it's important that you partner with your doctor and dietitian to create an eating plan that works for you. Use healthy foods, portion control and scheduling to manage your blood glucose level. If you stray from your prescribed diet, you run the risk of fluctuating blood sugar levels and more-serious complications.

26. HYPERTENSION Hypertension is another term used for high blood pressure and is common in older people. The physical force that blood exerts while pushing artery walls is the blood pressure. In simple words, it is the pressure of blood in the circulatory system. Blood pressure readings are the two numbers separated by a line. The top number refers to the systolic blood pressure, whereas the other number represents the diastolic pressure. The pressure in the arteries, when the heart contracts, determine the systolic blood pressure and pressure in the arteries when the heart relaxes, is the diastolic pressure . Blood pressure measurements of human beings fall into the following categories: Normal : 90-140 mmHg for systolic and 60 -90 mmHg for diastolic

27. HYPERTENSION Elevated : 140mmHg and above for systolic and above 90 mmHg for diastolic Stage 1 hypertension : Between 140and 159 mmHg for systolic and between 90 and 99 mmHg for diastolic Stage 2 hypertension : 160-179 mmHg for systolic and 100-109 mmHg for diastolic Stage 3: ( Hypertensive emergency)-180 mmHg and above for Systolic and 110mmHg and above for Diastolic Due to high blood pressure, the workload of heart and blood vessels increases. The extra pressure, force, and friction eventually damage delicate tissues of the arteries

28. What Is The Keto Diet Exactly? “ ketogenic diet,” this eating plan is all about minimizing your carbs and upping your fats to get your body to use of fat as a form of energy, says Scott Keatley , R.D., of Keatley Medical Nutrition Therapy. While everyone’s body and needs are slightly different, that typically translates to: 60-75% of your calories from fat, 15-30% of your calories from protein, and 5-10% of your calories from carbs .

29. Elevated blood pressure can be a result of various factors including the following: Medications including birth control pills, decongestants, cold remedies, pain relievers, and some prescription drugs Fat buildup in the arteries Kidney disease Obstructive sleep apnea Thyroid disease Adrenal disease Smoking Obesity Excessive salt intake Excessive consumption of alcohol Stress Age Genetics

30. Hypertension – Symptoms   For a prompt treatment, you need to watch for early symptoms of hypertension. However, keeping track of hypertension symptoms is not that easy, as there may be no early signs. This is why hypertension is also referred to as the silent killer that provokes a major cardiovascular event, such as stroke or heart attack. Usually, people accidentally discover that they suffer from hypertension. For example, when they go for a medical check up, followed by persistent back pain or cold and cough, and find they have high blood pressure Therefore, knowing the symptoms associated with high blood pressure can help. Abnormal heartbeat, nosebleeds, fatigue, blurred vision, chest pain, confusion, and other neurological symptoms are some of the common symptoms of severely high blood pressure. If hypertension symptoms are not dealt with immediately, these can be fatal

31. Steps to manage hypertension Once you know you have high blood pressure, you need to find ways to get rid of hypertension symptoms and keep heart problems at bay. Following are some effective steps you can consider for reducing your high blood pressure Eat low sodium diet For managing blood pressure, you need to monitor your salt intake. Have a diet that has a low salt content and restrict the consumption of packaged and processed food items, as they contain a high amount of salt . Opt for potassium-rich foods Potassium works wonders for lowering blood pressure levels. So choose foods rich in potassium. You can count on fruits and vegetables, including bananas, apricots, muskmelon, mushrooms, and dark green vegetables. They will help restore the lost sodium-potassium balance in your body, which is a prerequisite for normal blood pressure.

32. Steps to manage hypertension(Con’t) Opt for potassium-rich foods Potassium works wonders for lowering blood pressure levels. So choose foods rich in potassium. You can count on fruits and vegetables, including bananas, apricots, muskmelon, mushrooms, and dark green vegetables. They will help restore the lost sodium-potassium balance in your body, which is a prerequisite for normal blood pressure . Exercise You need to develop an exercise routine that reduces the risk of high blood pressure. Exercising regularly, say doing 30 minutes of workout at least five times a week, helps in getting rid of hypertension symptoms. Running, climbing stairs, jogging, walking, cycling, and swimming is all that you can include in your exercise regimen.

33. Steps to manage hypertension(Con’t) Practice deep breathing The easiest yet extremely effective way to lower blood pressure levels is to practice deep breathing techniques on a regular basis. When you inhale and exhale properly, your nervous system calms down. Deep breathing relieves stress and brings blood pressure down to its normal level. Therefore, practice deep breathing for at least 10 to 15 minutes every day for positive results. Manage stress Managing stress is important for reducing high blood pressure and treating hypertension symptoms. You should relax your mind now and then by being in the company of people who you like or doing things that you enjoy doing. Another way to manage stress is to change the way you respond to difficult situations. People get stressed out when they focus more on the negatives. Start focusing more on the positive and see how easy dealing with problems becomes . .

34. Steps to manage hypertension(Con’t) Quit smoking Smoking plays a major role in increasing your blood pressure. Nicotine present in cigarettes raises blood pressure, and heart rate makes the arteries narrow and hardens their walls. Therefore, quitting smoking is an effective step you can take to manage hypertension

35. DIET FOR HYPERTENSION We all know that lifestyles play an important role in treating high blood pressure. By adopting better food habits, including low calories and watching portion sizes, you may be able to lower your blood pressure and reduce the medications you need to control high blood pressure It is a well-known fact, the more you restrict your sodium intake, better will be your blood pressure levels. On the other hand, Potassium, magnesium, and fiber, may help   control blood pressure . As, fruits and vegetables are high in potassium, magnesium, and fiber and have low sodium levels, it is advisable to include whole fruits and veggies in your diet. Juices are less helpful, because their fiber content is removed. Also, nuts, seeds, legumes and poultry are good sources of magnesium.

36. RECOMMENDED FOODS Choose your fruits and vegetables wisely, they should offer nutritional values as well as eliminate excess fluid from our body. Several vegetables and fruits have diuretic properties, so try these as much as possible. Fruits- Watermelon, Musk melon/cantaloupe, Blueberries, Lemon Vegetables – Asparagus, Artichokes, Beets, Brussels Sprouts, Cabbage, Celery, carrots, Cucumber, Dandelion, Drumsticks( Moringa leaf/seed pods), Eggplant, Lettuce, Tomatoes, Watercress etc… Certain herbs, such as garlic, ginger, fennel, onion, hawthorn, horse radish and parsley are beneficial in managing high blood pressure.

37. RECOMMENDED FOODS (Con’t) Include natural Potassium, Magnesium & Fibers like: apples, apricots, bananas, beet greens, broccoli, carrots, collards, green beans, dates, grapes, green peas, kale, mangoes, melons, oranges, peaches, pineapples, potatoes, raisins, spinach, squash, strawberries, sweet potatoes, tangerines, tomatoes, tuna & yogurt (fat-free)

38. Foods to Avoid Avoid highly salted foods, such as chips, nuts, pretzels, corned meat, processed meats, sausages and takeaway food items. Avoid salty condiments such as packet sauces, soy sauce and mayonnaise. Restrict the intake of processed and canned foods, as they contain high concentrations of sodium. Avoid alcoholic and caffeinated beverages. Avoid diets rich in saturated fats, trans fats and high glycemic index foods

39.   The safe remedy that is in the kitchen How chronic insomnia affects your blood pressure—and how to conquer it Why “low sodium” labels aren’t the only answer—and the one dietary change that can make a difference How to decrease your risk of a heart attack 5 natural nutrients to help control your blood pressure