Difference between a pandemic, an epidemic, endemic, and an outbreak

The distinction between the concepts “pandemic,” “epidemic,” and “endemic” is typically dimmed, also by medical specialists. Because the definition of each term is liquid, and it varies as diseases become more or less prevalent over time. In conversation, maybe this is less important to know the exact definitions but to understand the overall condition of public health news and responses you should know the concepts.

1. Difference Between a
Pandemic, an Epidemic,
Endemic, and an Outbreak
These days it is must know about the Epidemic andPandemic diseases, isn’t it?
The world is getting sick with unknown threats, dayby day, it happens frequently. As a result, the
related terms are getting confusing, so if you wantto understand the potent power of a virus-like

2. Corona, you have to know the definition of an epidemic and a pandemic. As the world has changed,
everyone should know about the term very clearly sothat they can understand the level of the situation
of the warnings.
It is true that defining epidemic, endemic, pandemic,an outbreak is somewhat complicated. Assuming
this as your confusion too, here I am going to makeyou clear about the terms and the difference
between them.
The distinction between the concepts “pandemic,” “epidemic,”and “endemic” is typically dimmed, also
by medical specialists. Because the definition ofeach term is liquid, and it varies as diseases become
more or less prevalent over time. In conversation,maybe this is less important to know the exact
definitions but to understand the overall conditionof public health news and responses you should
know the concepts.
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What is Endemic?
Endemic defines as a disease that is something thatpermanently belongs to a particular people or
country. Such as, in some parts of Africa,Malariais everlasting upset for them.Dengueis common in
the Caribbean, Central, and South America, SoutheastAsia.

3. So you can call it Endemic when it affects within a particular society, population, or region constantly.
What is an Epidemic?
You can define an Epidemic as an outbreak of infectionthat affects a large number of people within a
community, population, or region. It may spread toothers at almost the same time.
For Example, theZika virusoccurred in the UnitedStates in 2016 and 2017. Ebola occurred from2014
to 2016in West Africa.
What is Pandemic?
Pandemic defines as “an epidemic transpiring overa vast area, multiple countries or several continents
and impacting a large proportion of the populationor community.
Here is a very recent example we have. The Corona-virushas affected almost 6 million people and killed
approximately370,000across the world. Another Exampleis TheSpanish Fluof 1918, it was roughly
killed 50 million people worldwide.
You can say this as a bigger stage of any disease.Now you know the term Epidemic, then When an
epidemic spreads throughout the world, you can callit a pandemic. So between Epidemic and Pandemic
diseases, what kind of disease corona-virus is?

4. What is an Outbreak?
An outbreak is a greater-than-expected jump in thenumber of endemic crises. It can be a single casein
a particular region, but if it is not controlled quickly,an outbreak can become an epidemic. So you can
say that outbreak takes the same definition of anepidemic. But it is usually used for a more confined
geographical area.
According to theWorld Health Organization, separateoutbreaks of the Zika virus have been recorded in
Africa, the Americas, Asia, and the Pacific.The largestoutbreak of Ebolaoccurred from 2014-2016 in
West Africa, and a separate outbreak occurred from2018-2019 in theeastern region of the democratic
republic of congo.
Epidemic vs. Pandemic

5. A simple way to know the difference between an epidemic and a pandemic is to remember that
pandemic can not occur without epidemic. The thingis a pandemic is an epidemic that travels
throughout multiple countries or continents.
Epidemic vs. Endemic
Okay now, what’s the difference between an epidemicand endemic? An epidemic is actively growing;
new cases of the disease widely surpass what is suspected.It is used to describe when any problem is
out of control. It is often localised to a certainarea like when Corona-virus limited to Wuhan, China,it is
an epidemic.
Besides, endemic is a disease that continuously presentsin a specific location like Malaria in Africa is
endemic to parts of Africa.
Endemic vs. Outbreak
Going one step more, an endemic can lead to an outbreak,and an outbreak can occur anywhere in the
world. Suppose Last summer’s dengue feveroutbreakin Hawaii, Dengue fever is endemic to some
areas of Africa, and the Caribbean. Mosquitoes inthese states transmit dengue fever and carry it from
person to person. But in 2019 there was an outbreakof dengue fever in Hawaii, where the disease is not
called endemic. It is said that a dengue affectedperson visited the Island and bitten by mosquitoes.
Then the mosquitoes bit the other individuals, whichcreated an outbreak.
Phases of Pandemic

6. Phase 1:no infections circulating among animals have been reported to cause diseases in humans.
Phase 2:an animal flu virus circulating among domesticatedor wild animals is recognised to have
caused infection in humans and is hence viewed asa possible pandemic warning.
Phase 3:an animal or human-animal disease reassortantvirus has caused sporadic cases or small
clusters of disease in people. Still, it has not resultedin human-to-human transmission sufficient to
sustain community-level outbreaks.
Phase 4:This stage of pandemic described by theverified human-to-human transmission of an
animal or human-animal flu reassortant virus ableto cause community-level outbreaks.
Phase 5:is defined by the human-to-human extent ofthe virus into at least two nations. While most
countries will not be affected at this stage, thedeclaration of Phase 5 is a strong signal indeed.
Phase 6:this pandemic phase, is marked by community-leveloutbreaks in a minimum of one other
country in another region in joining to the standardsdefined in Phase 5. Designation of this period
will symbolise that a global pandemic is begun.
So, that’s how the understanding of these terms arevery confusing. Because they are related to each
other internally. They depict the condition and thepower of the diseases. However, to stay safe and
healthy you need to know more about epidemic and pandemicdiseases.