Digestants and drugs by kinjal Panara gacj

Digestive drugs

1. DRAVYA – GUNA PHARMACOLOGY Guidance By : Dr. Hari Om Gupta Sir Vd . Arti Rupani Mam Presented By : Panara Kinjal C.

2. DIGESTANTS

3. INDEX DEFINITION CLASSIFICATION MODE OF ACTION EXAMPLES FORMULATIONS

4. DEFINITION : Any substances used to promote the digestion of food is known as DIGESTANT. A number of proteolytic , amylolytic and lipolytic enzymes are marketed in combination formulations and are promoted - as dyspeptic symptoms - as appetite stimulants - as health tonics. They are occasionally beneficial, only when their elaboration of enzymes in gastro intestinal tract is deficient. Their routine use in tonics and appetite improving mixtures is irrational.

5. CLASSIFICATION : ENZYMES HCL Pepsin Papain Rennin Pancreatin CHOLERETICS Bile salt Bile acids Caerulein Florantyrone Enzymes : Enzymes are proteins that help speed up metabolism, or the chemical reactions in our bodies. Choleretics : Choleretics are substances that increase the volume of secretion of bile from the liver.

6. MODE OF ACTION : Biomacromolecules in food cannot be utilised in their original form. They have to be broken down and converted into simple substances in the digestive system. This process of conversion of complex food substances to simple absorbable forms is called digestion…..which is carried out by various DIGESTANTS. Like – Amaylaze,Lipase etc…. Starch amylaze Maltose Fats lipase Diglycerides Monoglycerides

7. Hydrochloric Acid (HCI) : It may be used in achlorhydria . 5-10 ml of dilute HCI (10%) should be further diluted to 100-200 ml with water and sipped with a straw (to prevent contact with teeth) during meals. Pepsin : It is a proteolytic enzyme secreted by the stomach. It may be used along with HCI in gastric achylia due to atrophic gastritis, gastric carcinoma etc. - Achylia : absence of gastric juice or other secretions. - Side effects of Pepsin are relatively few also including in rash, urticaria and itchy rash on the body.

8. Papain : It is a proteolytic enzyme obtained from raw papaya. Side effect : nausea and vomiting. Pancreatin : It Mixture of pancreatic enzymes obtained from hog and pig pancreas. It contains amylase, trypsin and lipase. These enzymes are important for digesting fats, proteins and sugars. Uses : chronic pancreatitis and other exocrine pancreatic deficiency states. - Fat and nitrogen content of stools may be reduced. and diarrhoea / steatorrhoea may be prevented. - It has to be used as enteric coated tablets or capsules to protect the enzymes from being themselves digested in stomach by pepsin. S ide effects: Nausea, diarrhoea etc.

9. Diastase and Takadiastase : - It is amylolytic enzymes. Obtained from the fungus Aspergillus oryzae . Diastase is the common name for an enzyme called alpha amylase. The role of this enzyme is to break up complex carbohydrates like starch into smaller sugars that can be more easily metabolised . Takadiastase is a form of diastase which results from the growth, development, and nutrition of a distinct microscopic fungus known as Aspergillus oryzae . Use : in the treatment of indigestion and pancreatitis.

10. Rennin : Rennin is a protein digesting enzymes. Obtained from : glandular layer of calf stomach - Rennin is synthesised by chief cells in stomach. Use : That digest milk protein cassein . [converts caseinogen (milk protein) into insoluble casein in the presence of calcium ions]

11. NO. BRAND NAME PREPARATION DOSAGE FORM 1. Aristozyme Fungal diastase 50mg, Pepsin 10 mg, Simethicone 50 mg. Capsule Liquid 2. Digeplex Diastase 62.5mg, Pepsin 20mg Tablet 3. Entozyme Fungal diastase 50mg, Pepsin 10mg Syrup 4. Lupizyme Pepsin 125mg, Fungal diastase 18.75mg, Thiamine 2mg, Riboflavine 1mg, Pyridoxine 1.5mg, Vit . B12 1 microgram, Nicotinamide 15mg Capsule/Syrup 5. Unienzyme Fungal diastase 20mg, Papain 30mg, Simethicone 50mg, Nicotinamide 25mg, Activated charcoal 75mg Tablet FORMULATIONS :

12. AYURVED : Dipan : पचेन्नामं वह्निकृच्च दीपनं तद्यथा मिशि । (शा.प्र.४) Pachan : पचत्यामं न वहिनं च कुर्याद्रद्यतद्धि पाचनम् । नागकेशरवत्. . | (शा.प्र.४) Dipan-Pachan : चित्रो दीपन पाचनः । (शा. प्र. ४)

13. THANK YOU PANARA KINJAL C. ROLL NO : 41