Digital Transformation - AI Agents Interface Layer in the Computational Infrastructure

Humanity is undertaking a new wave of projects unprecedented in size, scale, scope, and values-based outcomes. These projects, among other aspects, entail orders of magnitude more lines of software code which must be integrated, connected, tested, and analyzed. Innovation in project management is required, notably via AI agents, digital twins, blockchain data security, and quantum processing

1. Vaasa Finland, 23 Sep 2024 Slides: http://slideshare.net/LaBlogga Melanie Swan, PhD, MBA DIYgenomics.org (Research Lead) University College London (Research Associate) “Do not undertake a project unless it is manifestly important and nearly impossible” – Edwin Land, Co-Founder, Polaroid Camera Digital Transformation AI Project Management Agents

2. 1 Research Agenda 2015 2019 2020 Blockchain Blockchain Economics Quantum Computing Quantum Computing for the Brain 2022 Aim: Build long-term futures for humanity through smart network technologies and science frontiers Math Agents 2023 Health Agents 2024 “The App will see you now~!” Blockchain 1.0: Currency Blockchain 2.0: Contracts Blockchain 3.0: Beyond Smart Network Field Theory

3. Agenda Digital Transformation Project Management Methods Waterfall vs Agile (and Scrum) Planning and Scheduling Tools Information Design & Gantt Chart Work Breakdown Structure Critical Path Method Case Studies AI Project Management Advanced Topics Digital Twins, Web3-AI-Quantum 2 Cloud Software Hardware Project Management Math Agents 2024

4. AI Business Model Create not just content but form Agents Chatbot, customer/employee Math, health, PM agents Content Text, images, video, slides, sales proposal, analysis, code Form Apps with new functionality Internal systems integration Public-private data integration 3 2017 Life 1.0: cannot modify software or hardware Life 3.0: modify software & hardware Life 2.0 (human): modify software PM: Project Management Math Agents Health Agents “The App will see you now~!” Project Management Agents

5. The New Statistics 4 Source: Web3 Blockchains. https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/web3-blockchains-physics-of-prosperity/271065583 Static Legacy Data Analysis AI Data Analysis Content Form Dynamic Content Form Synthetic Data Generation Synthetic On-demand Program/App Generation Prompt Engineering: >>Make slides, video, image, text that [conditions] >>Generate data that meets these [conditions] [high-risk genomic profiles for Alzheimer’s disease] >>Draft code for a program to analyze project data, timelines, and budget >>Draft an app for [generative video, blocks game, Rubik’s cube] Form Content Statistics -> Insights

6. Thesis 5 Humanity is undertaking a new wave of projects unprecedented in size, scale, scope, and values-based outcomes These projects, among other aspects, entail orders of magnitude more lines of software code which must be integrated, connected, tested, and analyzed Innovation in project management is required, notably via AI agents, digital twins, blockchain data security, and quantum processing

7. Agenda Digital Transformation Project Management Methods Waterfall vs Agile (and Scrum) Planning and Scheduling Tools Information Design & Gantt Chart Work Breakdown Structure Critical Path Method Case Studies AI Project Management Advanced Topics Digital Twins, Web3-AI-Quantum 6 Cloud Software Hardware Project Management Math Agents 2024

8. Planetary-scale Problem Solving Society 7 The world is bigger AI Knowledge Society Large-scale problems Advance in project management Domain Space Health and Biology Energy Identity Space-faring civilization Health-faring civilization Energy-marshalling civilization Vision Exploration, settlement, mining, exoplanets: solved Obesity, cancer, disease, aging, death: solved High-availability clean global energy: solved European Extremely Large Telescope, Chile European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT) under construction in Chile. Size comparison of the E-ELT (left) with the four 8-meter telescopes of the European Very Large Telescope (center) and the Colosseum in Rome (right). E-ELT: 39-meter diameter mirror, p. 985.

9. Global Network Society 8 Digital Infrastructure Global comms networks Optical networking provider Ciena sent 1.6 terabits of data over a 470 km link (Sep 2024) Field trial on telecom operator Arelion’s live network Source: https://www.gazettabyte.com/home/2024/9/8/ciena-sends-a-16t-optical-lambda-over-a-470km-link.html Arelion (Stockholm SE): Tier 1 Network Provider connecting more than 58% of the global internet routing table on its IP backbone 1 terabit of data : 256 photographs shot on 12 MP camera; 250 movies or 500 hours of high-definition video; 6.5 million document pages (Office files, PDFs, presentations = 1,300 real file cabinets)

10. Computational Infrastructure Increased complexity Interlinked operations Hardware, software, cloud Thousands of processes Millions of lines of code Over the air updates 9 Source: Ebert, C. & Jones, C. (2009). Embedded Software: Facts, Figures, and Future. IEEE. Computer. 0018-9162/09. Embedded software size and deployment Complexity growth of embedded systems Cloud Software Hardware

11. Digital App Society Particle-many systems Millions->billions observer-actors & entities Industries as information technologies Measure big data with entropy, energy; operate with AI Quantum Supercomputers (JPL DSN space scheduling) Ridesharing Uber 2023: 149 mn customers, 7.1 mn drivers ~20 customers/driver Lodging Airbnb 2023: 5 mn hosts, 448 mn nights ~90 nights/host, ~=25% utilization Tesla: 4.97 mn vehicles sold worldwide 10 Source: https://backlinko.com/tesla-stats 3D Physics Metrics -> Information Science James Webb Space Telescope

12. 11 Blockchain Smart Network Stack Quantum genAI DL NNs Blockchain: a digital database (ledger & event history) distributed among the nodes of a peer-to-peer network; database for resource allocation (cryptocurrency: 1 app) Web3: community of actors creating a new decentralized internet; expectation of targeted participation in values-aligned (aesthetic) efforts; a blockchain-based governance model runs the node network GenAI: generative artificial intelligence capable of producing text, images, videos, or other data using generative deep learning neural network models, often in response to prompts Quantum: application of quantum mechanics and quantum field theory to perform computation in chip-based circuits controlling atoms, ions, and photons with lasers and electromagnetic fields, harnessing the unique behavior of quantum physics such as superposition, entanglement, and interference Convergence and integration

13. Data & AI-driven Society 12 Source: https://whatsthebigdata.com/data-generated-every-day/ https://www.techtarget.com/searchstorage/definition/Kilo-mega-giga-tera-peta-and-all-that Data Storage Measurements Real-world Data Storage Capacity 328.8 million terabytes of data created per day 181 zettabytes total data generation in 2025e 53.7% internet data traffic is video Year Day

14. Blockchain Project Management Integrating blockchain and PM Project planning, execution, monitoring Transparency, security, efficiency Decentralized structure Data security and integrity Transparent stakeholder interactions Traceable audit log Risk mitigation (fraud, error, loss) Complex multi-party automation Financial payments sector Open banking, embedded finance, superapps , sustainability 13 Source: https://stevenscenter.wharton.upenn.edu/accelerator/, https://www.visauniversity.com/en/certificate-programs/digital-payments-catalyst, https://www.pwc.ch/en/insights/risk/ai-will-transform-project-management-are-you-ready.html

15. internet transfer protocols. 14 information. email. voice. video. money. BCI, pacemaker. High Sensitivity Low Sensitivity Medium Sensitivity Each traffic type has its own instructions or protocol (webpages with http; email with smtp; voice with voip; blockchain for digital asset transfer); file header indicates traffic type, software version, routing, etc. Digital Network Society transfer of different kinds of online content each with a specific protocol Challenge: secure verifiable transfer of valuable and unique files (web3 quantum implicated) Source: Ebert, C. & Jones, C. (2009). Embedded Software: Facts, Figures, and Future. IEEE. Computer. 0018-9162/09.

16. Quantum Project Management 15 Quantum implications for project management Quantum compute Complex project planning and optimization Greater efficiency, higher workload Projects involving quantum-related technologies Leading quantum adoption industries: Chemical and biological engineering, AI, cybersecurity, financial services, complex manufacturing, logistics Source: https://projectmanagernews.com/news/quantum-computing-project-management/, https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/quantum-computing-use-cases-are-getting-real-what-you-need-to-know Cleveland Clinic Lobby McKinsey Study, 2021

17. 16 Opt-in sequencing goal: 500,000 (10% population) Personalized medicine: treat individual with condition Population-scale Health Source: Ralph & Coop. (2015) Convergent evolution during local adaptation to patchy 509 landscapes. PLOS Genet. 11, e1005630; https://www.finngen.fi/en

18. Neural Embedding Space 17 Source: Levin, M. (2024). Self-Improvising Memory. Entropy . 26, 481; Goldstein, A. et al. (2024). Alignment of brain embeddings and artificial contextual embeddings in natural language points to common geometric patterns. Nat Commun 15:2768. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46631-y Contextual embeddings provide a continuous vectorial representation of language Brain embedding space Vector-based neural code for natural language processing (vs psycholinguistics models) 2023

19. Large-scale Projects Energy: Tokamak Construction 500 megawatts of fusion power Initial: end 2025 Full operation: 2035 Magnetic field device confines the hot plasma of nuclei Deuterium atoms heated to 1 mn degrees in hot plasma of nuclei 18 Source : https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/tokamaks-stellarators-laser-based-and-alternative-concepts-report-offers-global-perspective-on-nuclear-fusion-device, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kuq1HU2gYEk Saint-Paul-lez-Durance France (near Marseilles)

20. Digital Twins 19 Digital Twin: virtual representation of physical system or entity Bioavatar: digital representation of physical self, including real-time biometric data update for longevity precision medicine Source: https://esrisingapore.com.sg/digital-twins, https://infra.global/singapores-digital-twin-from-science-fiction-to-hi-tech-reality/, https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestechcouncil/2023/08/18/bio-digital-twin-getting-the-heart-right/, Amofa et al. (2024). Blockchain-secure patient Digital Twin in healthcare using smart contracts. PLoS One. 19(2): e0286120. Singapore: first nation with a digital twin (2023) Health and longevity: digital twins of healthcare facilities, patients, bodies & organs, drugs

21. Digital Twins 20 Source: https://www.3ds.com/sites/default/files/2021-01/dassault-systemes-and-accenture-virtual-twin-and-sustainability.pdf Circular Economy: economic model of resource production and consumption that involves sharing, leasing, reusing, repairing, refurbishing, recycling, life-cycle management, and sustainability

22. Agenda Digital Transformation Project Management Methods Waterfall vs Agile (and Scrum) Planning and Scheduling Tools Information Design & Gantt Chart Work Breakdown Structure Critical Path Method Case Studies AI Project Management Advanced Topics Digital Twins, Web3-AI-Quantum 21 Cloud Software Hardware Project Management Math Agents 2024

23. Case Study: LUMI Data Center, Kajaani FI 22 Project: AI Supercomputer center serving EC 35-40% enterprise workloads are fully cloud instantiated Requirements: sustainable data center ecosystem Source: https://www.lumi-supercomputer.eu/lumi-consortium/ , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gZrw58_Cu4g

24. 23 Source: https://csc.fi/en/our-expertise/data-center-ecosystem/ Case Study: LUMI Data Center GOAL: sustainable data center ecosystem SOLUTION: Novel architectural design using 100% hydropower RESULT: Waste heat accounts for up to 20% of annual district heating needs for local partner city Kajaani FI ~12,400 tons of CO2 reduced annually

25. 24 Source: https://www.lumi-supercomputer.eu/lumi-consortium/ , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gZrw58_Cu4g Case Study: LUMI Data Center, Kajaani FI

26. 25 Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HB9JUH0mPqI Logging into an AI Supercomputer Remote login access credentials: Login Nodes Work processing/simulation: Compute Nodes

27. LUMI access to VTT Quantum Computer 26 Source: https://www.computerweekly.com/feature/Finland-shows-off-its-new-20-qubit-quantum-computer, https://www.lumi-supercomputer.eu/finlands-first-quantum-computer-opened-for-companies/ Quantum and high-performance computing are complementary technologies 20-qubit quantum computer

28. QMill raises €4m (Sep 2024) 27 Source: https://www.insidequantumtechnology.com/news-archive/quantum-news-briefs-september-17-qmill-raises-e4m-in-seed-funding-to-deliver-near-term-industrial-quantum-advantage-via-cutting-edge-algorithms-bluefors-opens-expanded-u-s-production/ Optimization algorithms Too large for supercomputers Exponentially difficult Customer segments Finance, telecommunications, real estate, energy, supply chain, logistics Executed on NISQ Funders Finland-based Maki.vc Singapore-based VC Antler Quantum algorithms: programs run as quantum circuits in a quantum computer Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ): available quantum devices operating with 10-100 qubits subject to noise and error

29. Quantum Plugs into Cloud/Compute Stack 28 Source : https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-q CPU -> GPU -> TPU -> QPU GPU (graphics processing unit) 3D graphics card: matrix multiplication TPU (tensor processing unit) Flow through matrix multiplications: no storing interim values in memory QPU (quantum processing unit) Quadratic & Polynomial speed-up with superposition, entanglement, interference Example: NVIDIA CUDA-Quantum (Compute Unified Device Architecture): parallel computing platform and application programming interface CUDA-Quantum

30. JPMorgan Chase Global Technology Applied Research 29 Quantum AI Algorithms, Blockchains, Cryptography Markets: derivative pricing, risk analysis, portfolio optimization Secure data transfer: quantum key distribution, blockchains Source: https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Pistoia,+Marco Smart Network Technology Stack: Blockchain genAI Quantum Is it a bank? World’s largest bank is a full-stack FinTech smart network technology company Smart contract automation

31. Moore’s Law 30 Source: Kurzweil , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xh2v5oC5Lx4 The number of transistors on a chip doubles every 2 years 2005 When Humans Transcend Biology 2024 When we merge with AI ?? The Singularity [is Here]

32. Doublings: Moore’s Law: 24, Proteins: 158 Nature: high rate of doubling compared to technology Moore’s law: number of transistors on a single chip doubles every two years at minimal costs (24 total doublings) June 2023: 134 billion transistors (Apple ARM-based dual-die M2 Ultra SoC fabricated using TSMC’s 5 nm process) 31 24 Source: CU 3-09-22 Physics Colloquium - Sadasivan Shankar, SLAC Stanford/Harvard.

33. Biology: Complex, Unknown Ruleset 32 Pathway Genome Protein Natural Language LLMs: LLaMa 65 billion parameters Protein Language Models: xTrimoPGLM : 100 billion parameters Genome Language Models Parameter: learnable weights between graph nodes (entities) Source : https://www.biomap.com/sota/ DeepSeekMath 7 billion parameters Mathematical Reasoning Agents

34. Quantum needed to “solve” Biology Complex domain of biology requires compute capability of quantum AI Quantum-enhanced generative AI models accelerate discovery of new molecules as viable cancer drug candidates RESULT: Discovered a new compound to inhibit KRAS active in the RAS/MAPK pathway Platform: Insilico’s genAI engine Chemistry42 33 Source: https://aibusiness.com/verticals/quantum-enhanced-generative-ai-creates-viable-cancer-drug-candidates, https://www.scientific-computing.com/article/quantum-enhanced-generative-ai-generates-viable-cancer-drug-candidates

35. Quantum AI Convergence Greener LLMs: 1-Bit LLM & 1.58 Bit LLM Quantization of LLMs From scalar network weights to binary (1-bit) or ternary (-1-0-1) Interpretation: over or under weight LLMs without matrix multiplication Ternary function replaces attention in transformer NNs BitNet (2023), MatMut (2024) 34 Sources: Wang et al. (2023). BitNet : Scaling 1-bit Transformers for Large Language Models. arXiv:2310.11453v1, Zhu et al. (2024). Scalable MatMul -free Language Modeling. arXiv:2406.02528v5.

36. Quantum AI Convergence Hyperbolic Data Compression 35 Source: Taback , J. (2008). On the Geometry of Cayley Automatic Groups. arXiv:2008.02381v4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WBY9EQJTew4 Phylogenetic tree: close in Euclidean distance, far in evolutionary distance ML representation in hyperbolic space: distant in hyperbolic space and genetic distance

37. Agenda Digital Transformation Project Management Methods Waterfall vs Agile (and Scrum) Planning and Scheduling Tools Information Design & Gantt Chart Work Breakdown Structure Critical Path Method Case Studies AI Project Management Advanced Topics Digital Twins, Web3-AI-Quantum 36 Cloud Software Hardware Project Management Math Agents 2024

38. Project Management Project: temporary endeavor (vs ongoing operations) Produce a product, service, result, change, value-add Defined beginning and end, resource constraints 37 Source: https://www.opb.org/article/2022/07/17/james-webb-telescope-had-344-single-point-failures-before-launch-then-success https://science.nasa.gov/people/webb-people-bill-ochs/ Project Management: the process of coordinating a team effort to achieve a project goal within constraints (scope, time, budget) Project: temporary endeavor to produce a result James Webb Space Telescope Project Manager Bill Ochs (11+ years) : 20,000 people, ~two decades, 344 single point failures (risk to whole mission), launch Dec 2021, first light Jul 2022, 155 motors to align mirrors: 100% survival; fuel for 20 years

39. History of Project Management Systematic approaches to complex projects (1950s) Construction, civil engineering, defense, aircraft Shift from contractor-managed projects to professionally trained project management teams (PM Officer) (1970s) 38 Haussmann Renovation of Paris (Pissarro, 1898) Guiana Space Center: Europe’s Spaceport (2024)

40. Project Management Methods and Tools 39 Source: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/charting-future-automation-your-roadmap-join-journey-peter-shafe-qf8kf/ Project Management Methods: Waterfall Agile Scheduling Tools: Work Breakdown Structure, Gantt Chart, Critical Path Method, Scrum Smart Network Technologies: Blockchain genAI Quantum Material Requirements Planning (MRP): Lean Manufacturing Continuous Improvement Kanban and Just-in-Time (JIT) Inventories Shop Floor Automation

41. Agenda Digital Transformation Project Management Methods Waterfall vs Agile (and Scrum) Planning and Scheduling Tools Information Design & Gantt Chart Work Breakdown Structure Critical Path Method Case Studies AI Project Management Advanced Topics Digital Twins, Web3-AI-Quantum 40 Cloud Software Hardware Project Management Math Agents 2024

42. CEO: There’s an App for that~! Real-time corporate dashboard apps Case study: CEO of a large telecom provider Status Use app to check on organization’s seven strategic initiatives Few-tap review of project status and percent complete Key performance indicators Team member morale and stakeholder buy-in metrics On-demand drill-down to project charters, supporting documents Decision-making App informs re: changes needing attention Prioritizes decisions and potential solutions On-demand risk assessment 41 Source: https://www.pmotto.ai/blog/how-ai-will-transform-project-management/

43. Real-time Dashboards 42 Source: https://www.juiceanalytics.com/writing/8-features-successful-real-time-dashboards What is new? Standard feature of all digitization platforms Organization-level roll-up French Government: All projects at-a-glance Juice Analytics Real-time Dashboard Real-time Dashboards: extending to all industries not just financial markets Secondary School Reform Percent complete transformation plan Modernization of Labor

44. AI Project Management Phases 43 Source: https://www.pwc.ch/en/insights/risk/ai-will-transform-project-management-are-you-ready.html

45. 44 Source : https://news.microsoft.com/m365-copilot-Sept-2024/ Mathematical reasoning benchmarks: GSM8k, MATH Math Agents Copilot Agents Copilot as one UI for AI Agent-based canvas with integrated public-private data Web + Work + Pages (public + private + digital artifact/agent canvas)

46. AI PM Agents 45 Source: https://www.pmotto.ai/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=akYU7KBR2Nc

47. Science Agent 46 Source: CORE-Bench Agents. https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.11363v1 Agent-based computational replicability Higher replicability error rates in Sociology v Machine Learning

48. Complementary Human-AI PM Agent Teams Role of AI Project Management Agents Repetitive and routine tasks Data analysis and prediction Early alerts re: missing schedule Risk management Summaries and continuous learning Communication and collaboration Role of Project Manager Coach and support the team Maintain regular conversations Scope review with key stakeholders Cultivate a high-performing culture 47 Source: https://thinkingportfolio.com/language/en/the-ai-revolution-when-will-it-replace-traditional-project-managers/ Project Management Math Agents 2024

49. Agenda Digital Transformation Project Management Methods Waterfall vs Agile (and Scrum) Planning and Scheduling Tools Information Design & Gantt Chart Work Breakdown Structure Critical Path Method Case Studies AI Project Management Advanced Topics Digital Twins, Web3-AI-Quantum 48 Cloud Software Hardware Project Management Math Agents 2024

50. Project Management Methods 49 Agile Waterfall Source: https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/agile-vs-waterfall-methodology/ Sequential order Iterative looping Waterfall is a rigid form of project management methodology with sequential linear processes Agile is a flexible form of project management methodology with iterative changeable processes Linear: steps must proceed in order Outcomes: fixed at outset Phases: fixed progression to next stage Work: Project-manager driven (centralized) Environment: high predictability Deliverable: one big outcome at end Industries: manufacturing, construction Nonlinear: steps can proceed simultaneously Outcomes: dynamic and possibly shifting Phases: can work on multiple phases together Work: Team-driven (decentralized), sprints Environment: high dynamism and unpredictability Deliverable: many smaller ongoing releases Industries: software, services Sprint 2 Sprint 1 Many releases per day, can rollback if any issue

51. 50 Waterfall Method

52. 51 Source: https://agilemanifesto.org/ Agile Manifesto (2001) Distill agile principles for software development Restore credibility Software projects non-dependable: bloat, delay, overbudget Support teams, reconnect with outcomes

53. 52 Source: https://agilemanifesto.org/ Agile Principles

54. 53 Source: https://agilemanifesto.org/ Agile Principles: People over Processes

55. Scrum Moving the scrum (tightly-knit cross-functional team) downfield towards a goal HBR: The New New Product Development Game (1986) Successful new product launch: Fuji-Xerox, Canon, Honda, NEC, Epson, Brother, 3M, Xerox, Hewlett-Packard Scrum Sprints – time-boxed Scrum Master – coach, x-blocks Daily Scrum – standup meetings 54 Source: Takeuchi & Nonaka. (1986). The New New Product Development Game. Harvard Business Rreview . https://hbr.org/1986/01/the-new-new-product-development-game Scrum: agile team collaboration framework; rugby-inspired approach to move a tightly-knit cross-functional team to a goal

56. 55 Daily Standup Scrum Meeting Source: https://agilescrumgroup.nl/daily-scrum/ Agile & Scrum: 2-week Sprints Agile (flexible iterative) is always Scrum (sprints), scrum is not always Agile Energy v inertia Focused bursts Plan Design Develop Test Deploy Review Launch

57. Agile Mindset “Silicon Valley mindset” : iterative and incremental High velocity flow, lean agile principle Short stand-up meetings What worked well this week? What didn't work well this week? What are we working on next week? 56 Agile Mindset: customer-driven work break big projects into small chunks, release early and often, continuous feedback in dynamic environments of change; energy contra inertia Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ljKX2-sgcOg; Bruce Feiler: Agile programming https://www.ted.com/talks/bruce_feiler_agile_programming_for_your_family?subtitle=en A350, A330 Bruce Feiler: Agile Programming

58. Case Study: EV AIM: EV infrastructure for major EC auto manufacturer 57 PROBLEM: Hardware and software teams on different design and release schedules Source: Rush, David. (2018). Accenture. Using agile processes and digital twin technology: Digital Twin Summit. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ETTlTq88oHU

59. SOLUTION: implement digital twin platform for greater synchronization between software and hardware teams Digital twin absorbs and shortens hardware cycles Engineering increasingly moved into software RESULT: software-hardware collaborating in 2-wk cycles 58 Source: Rush, David. (2018). Accenture. Using agile processes and digital twin technology: Digital Twin Summit. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ETTlTq88oHU Digital Twin: HW-SW Interface Layer

60. Case Study: Digital Twin AutoScrum 59 Source: Rush, David. (2018). Accenture. Using agile processes and digital twin technology: Digital Twin Summit. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ETTlTq88oHU

61. Agenda Digital Transformation Project Management Methods Waterfall vs Agile (and Scrum) Planning and Scheduling Tools Information Design & Gantt Chart Work Breakdown Structure Critical Path Method Case Studies AI Project Management Advanced Topics Digital Twins, Web3-AI-Quantum 60 Cloud Software Hardware Project Management Math Agents 2024

62. Information Design (Tufte) 61 Source: https://www.edwardtufte.com/ 1997

63. Data Visualization 62 Source: https://www.edwardtufte.com/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=000076 Energy

64. Infographics 63 Source: https://www.edwardtufte.com/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=000076

65. Gantt Chart Sequential task management Left side: task list by area Right side: timeline with shaded bars to visualize completion 64 Source: https://www.atlassian.com/agile/project-management/gantt-chart Gantt Chart: project management tool for tracking tasks and their planned and realized execution time

66. 65 Gantt Chart

67. Agenda Digital Transformation Project Management Methods Waterfall vs Agile (and Scrum) Planning and Scheduling Tools Information Design & Gantt Chart Work Breakdown Structure Critical Path Method Case Studies AI Project Management Advanced Topics Digital Twins, Web3-AI-Quantum 66 Cloud Software Hardware Project Management Math Agents 2024

68. Work Breakdown Structure Aim: How can I make this project more manageable? Every project is different, every project manager is different, every WBS is different How to make a Work Breakdown Structure 67 Source: https://www.workbreakdownstructure.com/ Work Breakdown Structure: a deliverable-oriented hierarchical decomposition of the work to be executed in key steps

69. Work Breakdown Structure What structure makes this project more manageable? 68 Source: https://www.workbreakdownstructure.com/

70. Case Study: Work Breakdown Structure Bite-size roadmap Phases, deliverables, milestones, budget, completion 69 Source: https://www.workbreakdownstructure.com/

71. Case Study: Work Breakdown Structure 70 Source: https://www.workbreakdownstructure.com/

72. Case Study: Work Breakdown Structure 71 Source: https://www.workbreakdownstructure.com/

73. Case Study: NASA Scheduling Upgrade 72 NASA’s Deep Space Network (DSN) Managed by Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) Pasadena CA USA Support a wide range of missions Communicate with interplanetary spacecraft for timely action-taking Conduct radio and radar astronomy Plant footprint 14 terrestrial antennas located at 3 complexes: US, Spain, Australia Day-to-day operations Manage 40+ space missions concurrently Suzanne Dodd, Interplanetary Network Director and Project Manager for the Voyager Interstellar Mission, NASA Source: https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/blog/quantum/2022/01/27/nasas-jpl-uses-microsofts-azure-quantum-to-manage-communication-with-space-missions/

74. Project Requirements 73 Critical communications Several hundred weekly scheduling requests when spacecrafts are antenna-visible Increased network load Contemporary missions require higher-fidelity data operations that significantly increase the load on the Deep Space Net Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover James Webb Space Telescope Future-ready upgrade of aging network (60-yrs old) Source: https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasas-deep-space-network-turns-60-and-prepares-for-the-future/ Time Arbitrage: asynchronous communications to Drone-Rover team cuts 4-24 min Mars delay in half

75. Project GOAL: Scheduling system with improved response Identify problem as one of job-shop scheduling Complex scheduling: common challenge in many industries Manufacturing supply chains, health care, transportation, logistics Document runtimes of two+ hours at the start of the project SOLUTION: assign incoming jobs to resources immediately Design a new schedule and workflow with Azure Quantum Use quantum-inspired optimization methods RESULT: scheduling time reduced from 2-hours to 16-min 74 Source: https://quantumzeitgeist.com/nasa-now-manages-its-space-missions-through-quantum-computing

76. NASA Deep Space Network 75 Source: https://eyes.nasa.gov/dsn/dsn.html 14 terrestrial antennas in 3 complexes US, Spain, Australia

77. Agenda Digital Transformation Project Management Methods Waterfall vs Agile (and Scrum) Planning and Scheduling Tools Information Design & Gantt Chart Work Breakdown Structure Critical Path Method Case Studies AI Project Management Advanced Topics Digital Twins, Web3-AI-Quantum 76 Cloud Software Hardware Project Management Math Agents 2024

78. Critical Path Method 77 Critical Path Method: network diagram-based project management tool to manage core and peripheral tasks and to identify the longest sequence of activities that must be finished on time to complete the project Source: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/critical-path-method-project-management-amanda-athuraliya/ Project planning: how long will each segment take? Establish the start date of sequential activities (those which cannot start until the one(s) preceding it have been completed) Determine the latest date that the activity needs to be completed by for the next part to begin Network diagram ties dependencies together at a glance Without a diagram, easy for everyone to lose sight of their goals Individuals see downstream effects of not sticking to the plan at hand

79. How to find the Critical Path 78 Source: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/critical-path-method-project-management-amanda-athuraliya/ Work forwards or backwards with earliest and latest start dates for project phases Create a table indicating the activity, preceding task, and time duration Draw the network diagram based on the chart of activities and dependencies Identify float, contingency

80. 79 Critical Path Method Example #1 Critical Path Method Example #2

81. Case Study: Critical Path Method ( Creately ) 80 Source: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/critical-path-method-project-management-amanda-athuraliya/

82. Critical Path Method 81 Source: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/critical-path-method-project-management-amanda-athuraliya/ Project: Design and Install Eco-Friendly Storage Tanks Implication: Graph-based format readily implementable in AI systems

83. Agenda Digital Transformation Project Management Methods Waterfall vs Agile (and Scrum) Planning and Scheduling Tools Information Design & Gantt Chart Work Breakdown Structure Critical Path Method Case Studies AI Project Management Advanced Topics Digital Twins, Web3-AI-Quantum 82 Cloud Software Hardware Project Management Math Agents 2024

84. Case Studies by Topic 83 Source: https://www.pmsolutions.com/case-studies

85. Merck: Innovation Center Darmstadt 84 Source: Resolving agency issues in client-contractor relationships: The Merck Innovation Center. https://www.pmi.org/-/media/pmi/documents/public/pdf/academics/call-for-proposal/merck-agency-theory-instructional-case.pdf?v=88ca6b10-9d26-4907-9cd9-ed37bc01d330 Construct Innovation Center in Darmstadt Germany for strategic meetings and communications for company’s 350-year anniversary (Merck founded 1668) Construction Industry One of biggest sectors in the economy, low productivity, fragmented, mismatch in risk allocation and rewards Project: mitigate risk in client-contractor relationship Goal conflict, information asymmetry, opportunistic behavior High-risk can lead to project failures Low labor productivity Poor project management 1668 Pharmacist Friedrich Jacob Merck

86. Merck: Innovation Center Darmstadt 85 Source: Resolving agency issues in client-contractor relationships: The Merck Innovation Center. https://www.pmi.org/-/media/pmi/documents/public/pdf/academics/call-for-proposal/merck-agency-theory-instructional-case.pdf?v=88ca6b10-9d26-4907-9cd9-ed37bc01d330 Concrete & Steel Works project phases Structural design Procurement process Execution DECISION POINT: procurement method Traditional procurement through competitive tendering Sets up adversarial environment Innovative forms of procurement such as open book contracts Less familiar to industry and difficult for corporate governance to accommodate

87. Merck: Innovation Center Darmstadt 86 Source: Resolving agency issues in client-contractor relationships: The Merck Innovation Center. https://www.pmi.org/-/media/pmi/documents/public/pdf/academics/call-for-proposal/merck-agency-theory-instructional-case.pdf?v=88ca6b10-9d26-4907-9cd9-ed37bc01d330 PROJECT GOAL: Invest all parties in shared outcome INNOVATIVE RESOLUTION: Build project knowledge and trust through ongoing workshops with all bidders during pre-contract phase (vs closed bid) Build up project knowledge on behalf of the bidders during the pre-contract phase to reduce information asymmetry

88. Merck: Innovation Center 87 Source: Resolving agency issues in client-contractor relationships: The Merck Innovation Center. https://www.pmi.org/-/media/pmi/documents/public/pdf/academics/call-for-proposal/merck-agency-theory-instructional-case.pdf?v=88ca6b10-9d26-4907-9cd9-ed37bc01d330 CHALLENGE: Additional requirements introduced by building authorities mid-bidding

89. Merck: Innovation Center Darmstadt 88 Source: Resolving agency issues in client-contractor relationships: The Merck Innovation Center. https://www.pmi.org/-/media/pmi/documents/public/pdf/academics/call-for-proposal/merck-agency-theory-instructional-case.pdf?v=88ca6b10-9d26-4907-9cd9-ed37bc01d330 Two final bidders

90. Merck: Innovation Center Darmstadt 89 Source: Resolving agency issues in client-contractor relationships: The Merck Innovation Center. https://www.pmi.org/-/media/pmi/documents/public/pdf/academics/call-for-proposal/merck-agency-theory-instructional-case.pdf?v=88ca6b10-9d26-4907-9cd9-ed37bc01d330 RESULT: Foundation work started on time Concrete and steel works completed in timely high-quality fashion Construction motivated through incentives and actively engaged in resolving day-to-day problems on site to meet intermediate milestones

91. Agenda Digital Transformation Project Management Methods Waterfall vs Agile (and Scrum) Planning and Scheduling Tools Information Design & Gantt Chart Work Breakdown Structure Critical Path Method Case Studies AI Project Management Advanced Topics Digital Twins, Web3-AI-Quantum 90 Cloud Software Hardware Project Management Math Agents 2024

92. Service NOW AI Project Management Case Study French Ministry of Armed Forces 91 Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QA_-tM97crY Aim: military operations maintaining territory and sovereignty 75,000 people, property, equipment HR, finance, inventory procurement, QA More than 3,000 IT systems Goal: deliver superior service in a highly rapid and responsive manner

93. Service NOW AI Project Management Case Study Project Requirements 92 Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QA_-tM97crY Diverse internal customer audiences Accelerate time to deliver new apps Cannot develop a new app for each request Need streamlined platform for new apps Ex: Track young person careers over time Streamline legacy base of 3,000 IT systems Cloud Software Hardware

94. Service NOW AI Project Management Case Study Platform as a Service, Private Cloud 93 Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QA_-tM97crY Select Service Now cloud, platform, and packages Advanced Impact, Strategic Portfolio Management, App Portfolio Management, App Engine, Customer Svc Mgt Tech stack: cloud, platform, workflow apps 1 2 3 Quantum

95. Service NOW AI Project Management Case Study Platform as a Service, Private Cloud 94 Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QA_-tM97crY Tech stack: cloud, platform, workflow apps 1 2 3

96. Service NOW AI Project Management Case Study Platform as a Service, Private Cloud 95 Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QA_-tM97crY Project manager AI-commanded code modification

97. France: Real-Time Government Initiatives RESULT: Government at-a-glance Real-time dashboard Defense/military services All public-sector projects 96 Source: https://www.europe1.fr/politique/information-europe-1-lapplication-smartphone-secrete-de-lelysee-qui-fait-trembler-les-ministres-3919812?trk=article-ssr-frontend-pulse_little-text-block

98. Agenda Digital Transformation Project Management Methods Waterfall vs Agile (and Scrum) Planning and Scheduling Tools Information Design & Gantt Chart Work Breakdown Structure Critical Path Method Case Studies AI Project Management Advanced Topics Digital Twins, Web3-AI-Quantum 97 Cloud Software Hardware Project Management Math Agents 2024

99. Digital Transformation Society 98 Digital Transformation Continues to accelerate All industries and sectors Much larger projects Terrestrial and beyond All sectors Public Corporate Scientific Start-ups 2020 2021 2023 2024 Source :

100. Risks and Limitations Decarbonization: slow adoption Energy: AI energy demand The explosive growth of artificial intelligence comes with soaring demand for electricity to power data centers As much as 5% per year in the next few years Utilities (developed world): no electricity demand growth for more than a decade Shuttering coal-powered plants to meet decarbonization goals Meeting data center demand poses a quandary for utilities and technology firm Expected to grow 10-30% over the next five years Social reaction to technology: overwhelm, alienation Mechanistic aspect is unpalatable, detracts from qualitative 99 Source: https://www.bain.com/insights/how-to-feed-ais-hunger-for-power/

101. Project Management is Complicated 100

102. Many Opportunities for the Future 101 Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland

103. Thesis 102 Humanity is undertaking a new wave of projects which are unprecedented in size, scale, scope, and values-based outcomes These projects, among other aspects, entail orders of magnitude more lines of software code which must be written, integrated, tested, and analyzed Innovation in project management is required, notably via AI agents, digital twins, blockchain data security, and quantum processing

104. Vaasa Finland, 23 Sep 2024 Slides: http://slideshare.net/LaBlogga Melanie Swan, PhD, MBA DIYgenomics.org (Research Lead) University College London (Research Associate) “Do not undertake a project unless it is manifestly important and nearly impossible” – Edwin Land, Co-Founder, Polaroid Camera Digital Transformation AI Project Management Agents Thank you~! Questions?

105. Abstract 104 Digital Transformation and AI Project Management This lecture describes the foundations of project planning and scheduling including waterfall vs. agile methods and tools such as Gantt charts (information visualization), the Work Breakdown Structure, the Critical Path Method, and Scrum (short sprints by cross-functional teams). Project management case studies (Merck and the French Military) are presented to highlight decision processes in real-life settings. Innovative project management skills will be crucial to realizing the next generation of large-scale digital transformation projects in the contemporary smart network stack of web3 blockchains, AI, and quantum. The AI Project Management Agent joins humans as a symbiotic and complementary team-member. Enterprise AI means not only LLM-chat enabled content generation, but a rich AI backbone of integrated systems within and across organizations for the dynamic genesis of new systems and apps on demand.

106. Appendix: AI PM Tools IRL Trello boards with AI integration Claude Artifacts: draft me an app, slides 105

107. 106 Lightweight Web-based Project Management Trello Integrated AI Source : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bmEeIbzPNQo

108. 107 Trello Board Integrated AI Source : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bmEeIbzPNQo text Math Agents

109. 108 Trello Board Integrated AI text Math Agents

110. 109 Claude Artifacts (Programs, Apps, Files) Source : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GegAvpiWd_Q text

111. 110 Project Management Slides Source : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GegAvpiWd_Q Toggle between modes: Preview and Code, copy-paste-save

112. 111 Slides and Code Source : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vUdNaAAc4FY UX: Preview Mode Code Mode

113. 112 Source : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vUdNaAAc4FY

114. 113 Draft a Website that … Source : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GegAvpiWd_Q

115. 114 Immediate On-screen Rendering Source : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GegAvpiWd_Q

116. 115 Usual Prompt Engineering, Write me a … Source : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GegAvpiWd_Q text

117. Auto-renders Html Code and UX 116 Source : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GegAvpiWd_Q

118. Example Claude Artifacts: Apps with Code 117 Source : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GegAvpiWd_Q