Diseases of mango

diseases of mango

1. Diseases of Mango Diseases of Mango

2. Diseases of MangoDiseases of Mango
1) Anthracnose1) Anthracnose: : Colletotrichum  gloeosporioidesColletotrichum  gloeosporioides
2) 2) Powdery mildewPowdery mildew: : Oidium mangiferae   (Acrosporium Oidium mangiferae   (Acrosporium
mangiferae)mangiferae)
3) 3) Mango malformationMango malformation :  : Fusarium moniliforme Fusarium moniliforme
vvar. ar. subglutinanssubglutinans
4) 4) Stem end rotStem end rot: : Botrydiplodia theobromaeBotrydiplodia theobromae  
5) 5) Red rustRed rust: : Cephaleurus mycoidesCephaleurus mycoides  
6) 6) Grey BlightGrey Blight:: Pestalotia mangiferae Pestalotia mangiferae  
7) 7) Sooty mouldSooty mould: : Capnodium mangiferaeCapnodium mangiferae

3. Anthracnose:Anthracnose: Colletotrichum   Colletotrichum 
gloeosporioidesgloeosporioides
SymptomsSymptoms
Produces leaf spots, blossom blight, wither tip, twigs Produces leaf spots, blossom blight, wither tip, twigs
blight and fruit rot.blight and fruit rot.
Small blister like spots develop on the leaves and Small blister like spots develop on the leaves and
twigs. Young leaves  wither  and dry  Tender twigs twigs. Young leaves  wither  and dry  Tender twigs
wither and die back  symptom appears.wither and die back  symptom appears.
Affected branches ultimately dry up. Black spots Affected branches ultimately dry up. Black spots
appear on fruits.appear on fruits.
The fruit pulp becomes hard, crack and decay at The fruit pulp becomes hard, crack and decay at
ripening. Infected fruits dropripening. Infected fruits drop

4. Mango;AnthracnoseMango;Anthracnose
Symptoms on Symptoms on Symptoms on Symptoms on Symptoms on Symptoms on
Fruits Leaves fruitsFruits Leaves fruits

5. ManagementManagement
Spray Spray P. fluorescensP. fluorescens (FP 7) at 3 weeks interval  (FP 7) at 3 weeks interval
commencing from October at 5g/like on flower commencing from October at 5g/like on flower
branches.branches.
5-7 sprays one to be given on flowers and 5-7 sprays one to be given on flowers and
bunches.bunches.
Before storage, treat with hot water, (50-55°C) Before storage, treat with hot water, (50-55°C)
for 15 minutes or dip in Benomyl solution for 15 minutes or dip in Benomyl solution
(500ppm) or Thiobendazole (1000ppm) for 5 (500ppm) or Thiobendazole (1000ppm) for 5
minutesminutes

6. Powdery mildewPowdery mildew
Oidium mangiferae (Acrosporum Oidium mangiferae (Acrosporum
mangiferae)mangiferae)
SymptomsSymptoms
It attacks the leaves, flowers, stalks of panicle and It attacks the leaves, flowers, stalks of panicle and
fruits.fruits.
Shedding of infected leaves occurs when the disease Shedding of infected leaves occurs when the disease
is severe.  is severe.  
The affected fruits do not grow in size and may drop The affected fruits do not grow in size and may drop
before attaining pea size. before attaining pea size.
Survives as dormant mycelium in affected leaves.Survives as dormant mycelium in affected leaves.
Secondary spread by air borne conidiaSecondary spread by air borne conidia

7. Mango;Powdery mildewMango;Powdery mildew
Infected leaf  Healthy leaf  Inflorescens Infected leaf  Healthy leaf  Inflorescens

8. ManagementManagement
Dusting the plants with fine sulphur (250-300 Dusting the plants with fine sulphur (250-300
mesh) at the rate of 0.5 kg/tree.mesh) at the rate of 0.5 kg/tree.
The first application may be soon after The first application may be soon after
flowering, second 15 days later    (or) spray with flowering, second 15 days later    (or) spray with
Wettable sulphur (0.2%), (or) Carbendazim Wettable sulphur (0.2%), (or) Carbendazim
(0.1%),(or) Tridemorph ( 0.1%),(or) Karathane (0.1%),(or) Tridemorph ( 0.1%),(or) Karathane
(0.1%).(0.1%).

9. Mango malformation : Mango malformation : Fusarium Fusarium
moliliforme vmoliliforme var. ar. subglutinanssubglutinans
SymptomsSymptoms
Three types of symptoms: bunchy top phase, floral malformation Three types of symptoms: bunchy top phase, floral malformation
and vegetative malformation.and vegetative malformation.
In bunchy top phase in nursery bunching of thickened small In bunchy top phase in nursery bunching of thickened small
shoots, bearing small rudimentally leaves. Shoots remain short shoots, bearing small rudimentally leaves. Shoots remain short
and stunted giving a bunchy top appearance.and stunted giving a bunchy top appearance.
In vegetative malformation, excessive vegetative branches of In vegetative malformation, excessive vegetative branches of
limited growth in seedlings. They are swollen with short limited growth in seedlings. They are swollen with short
internodes forming bunches of various size and the top of the internodes forming bunches of various size and the top of the
seedlings shows bunchy top appearance.seedlings shows bunchy top appearance.
In malformation of inflorescens, shows variation in the panicle. In malformation of inflorescens, shows variation in the panicle.
Malformed  head dries up in black mass and persist for long Malformed  head dries up in black mass and persist for long
time.time.
Secondary branches are transformed into number of small leaves Secondary branches are transformed into number of small leaves
giving a witches broome appearancegiving a witches broome appearance

10. Mango malformationMango malformation
Flower malformation  Flower malformation 
Mango malformation

11. ManagementManagement
Diseased plants should be destroyedDiseased plants should be destroyed
Use of disease free planting materialUse of disease free planting material
Incidence reduced by spraying 100-200ppm Incidence reduced by spraying 100-200ppm
NAA during October.NAA during October.
Pruning of diseased parts along the basal 15-20 Pruning of diseased parts along the basal 15-20
cm apparently healthy portions.cm apparently healthy portions.
This is followed by the spraying of Carbendazim This is followed by the spraying of Carbendazim
(0.1%) or Captafol (0.2%).(0.1%) or Captafol (0.2%).

12. Stem end rot: Stem end rot: Diplodia natalensisDiplodia natalensis
SymptomsSymptoms
The dark epicarp around the base of the pedicelThe dark epicarp around the base of the pedicel
In the initial stage  the affected area enlarges to In the initial stage  the affected area enlarges to
form a circular, black patchform a circular, black patch
Under humid atmosphere extends rapidly and Under humid atmosphere extends rapidly and
turns the whole fruit completely black within turns the whole fruit completely black within
two or three days.two or three days.
The pulp becomes brown and somewhat softer.The pulp becomes brown and somewhat softer.
Dead twigs and bark of the trees, spread by rainsDead twigs and bark of the trees, spread by rains

13. Stem end rotStem end rot
Infected fruits Infected fruits

14. ManagementManagement
Prune and destroy infected twigs and spray Prune and destroy infected twigs and spray
Carbendazim or Thiophanate Methyl(0.1%) orCarbendazim or Thiophanate Methyl(0.1%) or
Chlorathalonil (0.2%) as fortnightly interval Chlorathalonil (0.2%) as fortnightly interval
during rainy season.during rainy season.

15. Red-rust: Red-rust: Cephaleuros virescensCephaleuros virescens
SymptomsSymptoms
Algae attacks foliage and young twigs.Algae attacks foliage and young twigs.
Rusty spots appear on leaves, initially as circular, slightly Rusty spots appear on leaves, initially as circular, slightly
elevated, coalesce to form irregular spots.elevated, coalesce to form irregular spots.
  The spores mature fall off and leave cream to white The spores mature fall off and leave cream to white
valvet texture on the surface of the leavesvalvet texture on the surface of the leaves
  ManagementManagement
Bordeaux mixture (0.6%) or Copper oxychloride 0.25%Bordeaux mixture (0.6%) or Copper oxychloride 0.25%

16. Mango;Red-rustMango;Red-rust
Infected leaf Healthy leafInfected leaf Healthy leaf

17. Grey Blight : Grey Blight : Pestalotia mangiferaePestalotia mangiferae
SymptomsSymptoms
Brown spots develop on the margin and at the tip of Brown spots develop on the margin and at the tip of
the leaf lamina.  They increase in size and become the leaf lamina.  They increase in size and become
dark brown. Black dots appear on the spots which are dark brown. Black dots appear on the spots which are
acervuli of the fungus.acervuli of the fungus.
Survive on mango leaves for over a year. Spreads Survive on mango leaves for over a year. Spreads
through wind borne conidia.through wind borne conidia.
Heavy infection is noticed during the monsoon when Heavy infection is noticed during the monsoon when
the temperature is 20-25oC.and high humidity.the temperature is 20-25oC.and high humidity.

18. ManagementManagement
Remove and destroy infected plant parts.Remove and destroy infected plant parts.
Spraying copper oxychloride 0.25 Mancozeb Spraying copper oxychloride 0.25 Mancozeb
0.25% or Bordeaux mixture 1.0%.0.25% or Bordeaux mixture 1.0%.

19. Sooty mould : Sooty mould : Capnodium mangiferaeCapnodium mangiferae
  SymptomsSymptoms
The fungi produce mycelium which is superficial and The fungi produce mycelium which is superficial and
dark. They row on sugary secretions of the plant dark. They row on sugary secretions of the plant
hoppers.  Black encrustation is formed which affect hoppers.  Black encrustation is formed which affect
the photosynthetic activity.the photosynthetic activity.
The fungus grows on the leaf surface on the sugary The fungus grows on the leaf surface on the sugary
substances secreted by jassids, aphids and scale substances secreted by jassids, aphids and scale
insects.insects.

20. Sooty mouldSooty mould
Healthy leaf Infected leaf Healthy leaf Infected leaf

21. ManagementManagement
Management should be done for insects and sooty Management should be done for insects and sooty
moulds simultaneously. moulds simultaneously. 
Controlling of insect by spraying systemic insecticides Controlling of insect by spraying systemic insecticides
like Monocrotophos or methyl dematonlike Monocrotophos or methyl dematon
After that spray starch solution (1kg Starch/Maida in 5 After that spray starch solution (1kg Starch/Maida in 5
litres of water. Boiled and dilute to 20 liters)litres of water. Boiled and dilute to 20 liters)
Starch dries and forms flake which are removed along Starch dries and forms flake which are removed along
with the fungus.with the fungus.

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