DISPLAY, GRAPHIC CARD AND SMPS in CHS.pptx

CHS

1. DISPLAY, GRAPHIC CARD AND SMPS BY: MANAS POKHRIYAL BRANCH : C.S.E 3 RD YEAR

2. CONTENT WHAT IS A DISPLAY? TYPES OF DISPLAYS. WHAT IS GRAPHIC CARD? COMPONENT AND WORKING OF GRAPHICS CARD.

3. WHAT IS A DISPLAY? A display is a output device that shows visual information. It is one of most important component of computer system. When the input information is supplied as an electrical signal; the display is called an electronic display. A display has a screen that shows an electronic image made up of pixels. Pixels stand for picture element. It is a smallest item of information and it is arrange in grid(row and column). It is a smallest unit of display. There are mainly three components of pixel-RED,GREEN,BLUE. Each component is of 8 bit and a pixel=24 bit or 3 byte

4. TYPES OF DISPLAYS Cathode ray tube display (CRT ) Liquid crystal display (LCD ) Thin film transistors display(TFT) Light-emitting diode display (LED ) Electronic paper, E Ink. Plasma display panel (PDP) Organic light-emitting diode display ( OLED)

5. Cathode ray tube display (CRT) It is a type of display technology that uses an electron beam to create image in phosphorescent screen. The electron beam is generated by an electron gun at the back of the tube and is accelerated towards the screen by a high voltage. The image on CRT display is created by firing electrons from back of the tube of phosphorus located towards the front of the screen. Once the electron heat phosphorus , they light up, and they are projected on the screen. The color you view on the screen is produced by the blend of red, green and blue light.

6. COMPONENTS OF CRT Electron gun Deflection system. Fluorescent screen. Glass tube & Base.

7. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES ADVANTAGES: Less expensive than other display. Fast response time. Highest pixel resolution generally available. DISADVANTAGES: Bulky, heavy and consumes a lot of power. Emit heat and consume more energy. Require a vaccume tube with high voltage.

8. LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD) LCD is a flat-panel display that uses liquid crystals, which changes its properties when an electric current is applied. LCD work by manipulating liquid crystals to control the passage of light. LCD commonly used in devices such as computer moniters , television , smartphones etc.. It contain backlight LCD - Liquid crystal display screen works on the principle of blocking light rather than emitting light

9. WORKING: -

10. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES ADVANTAGES: Compact, thin and light. Reduce eye strain . No radiation emission. DISADVANTAGES: Limited refresh rate Fixed resolution and aspect ratio Consumes a lots of electricity which produces a lots of heat.

11. THIN FILM TRANSISTORS DISPLAY(TFT) A TFT is a type of liquid display(LCD) TFT display uses thin film transistors t control image formation The basic principle of a TFT display is to control each pixel to display is to control each pixel to display the corresponding color. It uses in a wide variety of devices, including smartphone, tablet, computer moniters etc…

12. WORKING:

13. LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE DISPLAY (LED) An LED display, or light emitting diode display, is a flat panel display that uses light emitting diodes as the video display LED display is type of LCD display that uses a set of light source ,rather than the backlights. Large LED displays use a large number of these diodes to light up the screen. These diodes are low power consumption devices that provide high brightness.

14. WORKING:

15. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES ADVANTAGES: Slim design No motion delay and lags. Wide viewing angles(typically 175 degree) DISADVANTAGES: Much higher cost than LCD. It can shift color due to age and temperature

16. PLASMA DISPLAY PANEL (PDP) A plasma display panel is a type of flat panel display. PDP uses the small cells of plasma : ionized gas that respond to electric field. PDP use a matrix of tiny cells which contains a mixture of noble gases(neon and xenone )

17. WORKING:

18. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAES ADVANTAGES : Superior picture quality. Wide viewing angles, Smooth motion, DISADVANTAGES : High power consumption. Heat generation. Shorter lifespan about 30,000 hours.

19. ELECTRONIC PAPER, E INK. Electronic paper(e-paper) is a display technology, it is also known as electronic ink(e-ink) or intelligent paper. It is made up of tiny capsule, each of which contains a black and a white pigment suspended in a fluid. When an electric current applied to a capsule the black pigment moves top of capsule and when the electric field is remove the black pigment move down and white pigment move to top and the color change into white.

20. WORKING:

21. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES ADVANTAGES: Low power consumption. High readability in direct sunlight. Durable, thin and flexible DISADVANTAGES: Slow refresh rate. Limited color. Expensive.

22. WHAT IS GRAPHICS CARD? A graphic card is computer component that convert data into an image that can be displayed on a moniter . It is responsible for rendering all graphics and images that you see on your screen, including the desktop interface, games and videos. It work by performing a series of complex mathematical operations on data sent them by CPU. The includes information about the shapes, color and textures. A graphics card is also known as a graphics adapter, graphics controller, and graphics accelerator card or graphics board

23. COMPONENTS OF GRAPHICS CARD GPU : It is a brain of graphics card. It is responsible for performing all the mathematical operations necessary to render graphics. VIDEO RAM(VRAM): It is type of high-speed memory that is used to store graphics data. COOLING SYSTEM: It is used to prevent overheating. OUTPUT PORTS: It typically have one or more output port, such as HDMI,VGA(Video graphics array),DVI(Digital video interface).

24. WORKING: The CPU sends the information about the shapes ,color and texture of the object needs to display. It perform series of mathematical operations on data to create raster image. The raster image store in VRAM. The graphics card sends the raster image to the moniter , which displays it on the screen.

25. WHAT IS SMPS: SMPS stands for switched-Mode Power Supply . It is a power convertor. It utilize switching devices such as MOSFTs that continuously turn on and off frequency. Switched-mode power supplies are classified according to the type of input and output voltages. The four major categories are: ( i ) AC to DC (ii) DC to DC (iii) DC to AC (iv ) AC to AC

26. COMPONETS & WORKING OF SMPS There are 5 sections in SMPS: - EMC filter and fuse. Rectifier and primary filters. MOSFET’S and Drivers. Transformer and Rectifier. Secondary filters.

27. COMPONETS & WORKING OF SMPS EMC filter and fuse . EMC stands for electromagnetic compatibility. It convert high frequency noise to pure high frequency. Components are:- Chalk : it is coil in EMC. Fuse(for protection) Capacitor

28. COMPONETS & WORKING OF SMPS B ) Rectifier and primary filters . Components: - Rectifier : it convert AC to DC. It is generally consist of 4 pins. Here capacitor is used to filter dc signal.

29. COMPONETS & WORKING OF SMPS C ) MOSFET’S and Drivers . 1.It perform switch process. 2.It convert low frequency to high frequency or it generate square pules about in 20khz to 50khz. 3. It make heavy frequency with help of drivers(gate IC etc ).

30. COMPONETS & WORKING OF SMPS D ) Transformer and Rectifier . Transformer convert square pulse to alternative fast pulses Here the half pulse rectifier convert alternative fast pulse to direct pulse Or we can say it convert ac signal to dc signal. Theses signals are control by pwm signal

31. COMPONETS & WORKING OF SMPS E) Secondary filters it is called output filter. Here inductor and capacitors are use to control pulses generated by half wave rectifier. From output signal called feedback signal is sends to pwm ic . This ic control the mosfet gate.

32. BLOCK DIAGRAM: -

33. OUTPUT VOLTAGE: - In a computer mainly three types of DC voltage are required to run. 12 Volts is necessary to feed the main board itself as well as any new age graphic cards , 5 Volts is required for the chassis and CPU fan or USB ports, 3.3 Volts is used for the CPU itself .

34. CABLE COLOR CODE Inside power supplies, you see bunch of colored cable sets coming out with different sockets or connectors and different numbers of wires each. Color codes of power supply cables are as follows: ( i ) Black Wires: Those are used to provide a ground for the current. Every other color should be paired with a black wire. (ii) Yellow Wires: This color denotes +12Volt (iii) Red Wires: This color denotes +5Volt (iv) Blue Wires: -12Volt (v) White Wires -5Volt (vi) Orange Wires: 3.3Volt (vii) Green Wires: Control wire to check DC voltage (viii) Purple Wires: +5V on standby mode

35. TYPES OF SMPS: - There are three types of SMPSs. They are AT, ATX, BTX. These three types of SMPSs have different connectors and each wire has different voltages . T SMPSs have 12 pin power connector, ATX SMPSs have 20 pin power connector and BTX SMPSs have 24 and 28 pin power connectors. AT power supplies were used in 80’s and from 1996 we use ATX power supplies.

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