DIY PROJECT FINAL PRESENTATION GROUP ID-7.pdf

Project: "DENSITY BASED
TRAFFIC LIGHTS
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM" for a course "DY17003" (DIY PROJECT).

1. DIYDIY
PROJECTPROJECT

GROUP ID - 7

2. TEAM MEMBERS OF THE PROJECT
01
02
0403
KRUPAL
THAKRE
PRAVALLIKA
VASADI
ADITI
SINGH
M.L.V
PHANI

3. DENSITY BASED
TRAFFIC LIGHTS
MANAGMENT SYSTEM
The primary aim of this project is designing a density-based traffic signal
system that operates based on density of vehicles on the lanes. Our
proposed mechanism involves in assigning the Green, Yellow and Red
Traffic signals to the lanes of a 4 road junction.

4. MINDMIND
MAPMAP
PROBLEM
STATEMENT
ITEMS USED
AND THEIR
SPECIFICATIONS
SCHEMATICS OF
PROJECT AND
CODE
CHALLENGES FACED
AND SOLUTIONS
CONTRIBUTION
OF THE
MEMBERS
LEARNINGS
FROM THE
PROJECT

5. PROBLEM STATEMENT: BACKGROUND
Recently we have been seeing vast increase in the use of
automobiles, with the growth of population across the
globe. As a result, managing the traffic has become much
more challenging. The existing traffic signaling system
operates completely on a time-based mechanism. These
signals run on pre-set schedules, which means they do
not efficiently respond to variations in traffic. This might
cause some inefficiency.
During low-traffic periods, vehicles may need to wait
unnecessarily at red lights, leading to increased travel
time and fuel consumption. The execution of this project
effectively resolves these inefficiencies, ultimately
enhancing the “Traffic light system”.

6. OBJECTIVES
MAIN
OBJECTIVE
So the main objective of “Density based traffic light
control system” is to overcome these inefficiencies.
This can help to:
1. Improve Traffic Flow
2. Optimize Signal Timing
By implementing this project, we can significantly
control the heavy traffic flow and the unnecessary
wait for the vehicles can be decreased.
SECONDARY
OBJECTIVES
This project can further be useful for
the Data Collection and Analysis of
the density of vehicles on lanes. This
is useful to study the traffic patterns
across the particular lanes at a
specific location and at specific
time.

7. ITEMS USED AND THEIR SPECIFICATIONS:
BREADBOARD
01
In our project, Breadboard is used to make
connections between electronic components
such as LED’s, IR sensors and Arduino UNO.
They provide a platform for creating
temporary electrical connections between
components without the need for soldering.
02
ARDUINO UNO
The Arduino Uno is basically a
microcontroller development board.
We used this component in our project to
take input from the IR sensors and give the
output to the LED’s according to our
required functioning.
03
IR SENSOR MODULE
An IR (Infrared) sensor is a device that detects
infrared radiation in its surrounding. It detects
the presense of objects without direct contact.
We used this sensor in our project to detect the
presence of car passing on each of the lanes.
04
LED LIGHTS
We use LED Light bulbs in our project to
indicate the signal on each of the lanes.
We used three colored LED’s Green, Yellow,
Red to represent Go, Ready and Stop.

8. ITEMS USED AND THEIR SPECIFICATIONS:
9V BATTERY
05
We use the battery for power supply
for our project.
06
JUMPER WIRES
These Jumper wires are used to make
connections between the components.
These connections include Breadboards, IR
sensors and LED’s to corresponding Arduino
Pins. Here, we used 3 types of Jumper Wires.
They are M-to-M, M-to-F, F-to-F.
07
RESISTORS 220 OHM
08
TOY CARS
We use Toy cars for demonstration of our
projects. These act as passing vehicles
Infront of the IR Sensor.
We use resistors in series with LEDs when
connecting them to an Arduino to limit the
amount of current flowing through the LED.
The resistor helps to control the current to
a safe level, protecting both the LED and
the microcontroller.

9. SCHEMATICS OF PROJECT AND
CODE:
STEP BY STEP PROGESS:
Firstly we started the project with discussing the idea among
the team. We analyzed the highlight works of the project
like Digital circuit building, Code Building, Physical assembly
etc. We listed the components required for the project.
Then We have designed circuit in “Tinker CAD”.

10. Simultaneously we developed the code in CPP Language based on the functional
requirements.
How does our Code work?
Define 4 sensors that are kept at lanes of 4 intersection road.
Then we define 4 pairs of Green, Yellow, Red LED lights for each lane and link a sensor to a pair of
LED lights.
Now, initially all the 4 lanes should show red.
Then we store the values of number of vehicles on each lane that is read by the 4 sensors into 4
different variables.
This data collection must be done for 5 seconds.
Now based on the readings that obtained in these 5 seconds we prioritize the lanes.
Now the green light corresponding to 1st priority lane is high, remaining 2 LED’s are low. And the
yellow light corresponding to 2nd priority lane is high, remaining 2 LED’s are low. And the red light
corresponding to the 3rd and 4th priority lanes are high, remaining 2 LED’s are low.
This display of traffic lights must stay till 10 seconds.
Then everything should go to loop followed by 5 seconds data collection and 10 seconds display.
CODE LINK

11. Next, we started to make the manual connections according to the diagram
and We started to Physically assembly the circuit on a Cardboard.

12. CHALLENGES FACED AND SOLUTIONS:
PROBLEMS WE FACED WHILE
EXECUTING THE PROJET
PROPOSED
SOLUTIONS
We faced problem in writing
code for proper working.
So we divided the functions like parts
of counting vehicles, prioritizing lanes
etc. and write the code for these
individual parts then combined them.
We didn’t have proper
knowledge on the working of a
IR Sensor.
So, We researched on the Detection of
cars by the IR Sensor and Hence we
understood the connections of pins
VCC, GND, A0 in the IR Sensor.

13. ADITI
25%
PHANI
25%
PRAVALLIKA
25%
KRUPAL
25%
CONTRIBUTION OF
TEAM MEMBERS:
CIRCUIT DESIGNING:
CODE DEVLOPING:
PHYSICAL CIRCUIT ASSEMBLY:
PRESENTATION DESIGNING:
OTHER HARDWARE MATERIALS COLLECTIONS:
DONE BY: KRUPAL AND PRAVALLIKA
DONE BY: ADITI AND KRUPAL
DONE BY: EVERYONE HAS TAKEN PART IN THE
ASSEMBLY
DONE BY: PRAVALLIKA VASADI AND ADITI
DONE BY: PHANI

14. LEARNINGS FROM THE PROJECT:
Overall, working on a Density-Based Traffic Lights Management System
using Arduino Uno and IR sensors we gained hands-on learning
experience that combines aspects of electronics and programming.
These aspects include:
Code development and Traffic Light Control Logic: While designing the logic for controlling
traffic lights based on vehicle density, we learnt about traffic light sequencing and timing. We
learnt how to write code to switch traffic lights between Green, Yellow, Red states based on the
current traffic conditions. We also gained good knowledge in code writing of CPP Language.
Data Processing and Sensor Interfacing: Working with IR sensors, we learnt how to interface
sensors with microcontrollers like the Arduino Uno. We also learned how to read sensor data and
interpret it to make required functions in the code.
Testing and Optimization: We learnt the importance of testing the system under various
conditions to ensure it behaves as expected. We need to optimize the code and change the
parameters to achieve the desired traffic flow management outcomes.

15. THANKTHANK
YOU!YOU!