DM-CONCEPT MAP-Dr.B.Aspiras and Pre-res B. Atienza.pdf

concept map of dm

1. DIABETES
MELLITUS
CLASSIFICATION
TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS
TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

RISK FACTORS
Physical inactivity
Family history
Obesity
Ethnicity
GDM
CVD or hypertension
history
HDL <35 TAG >250
HbA1c 5.7-6.4%
Conditions with insulin
resistance
COMPLICATIONS
ACUTE: DKA AND HHS
CHRONIC: Retinopathy, neuropathy,
nephropathy
CAD, PAD, CVD
Gastroparesis, uropathy,
dermatologic, cataracts, hearing loss,
inc. risk of infection
DIAGNOSTICS
HbA1C >/- 6.5%
FPG >/- 126
2h PPG >/- 200
Symptoms of DM + RBS >/- 200
MANAGEMENT
- INSULIN REPLACEMENT
1. Rapid Acting:
Aspart
2. Short Acting:
Humulin R
3. Intermediate: NPH
Humulin
4. Long Acting:
Glargine
- HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS
1. Insulin
Secretagogues
2. Biguanides
3. Alpha glucosidase
inh.
4. DPP4 Inh.
5. GLP-1 antagonist
6. SGLT2 inh.
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
Polyuria
Polydipsia
Polyphagia
Nocturia
Weight loss
Fatigue
Weakness
Blurred vision
Poor wound healing
SCREENING
Begin at age 45yo every 3 years
Earlier age if BMI >23 + 1 risk factor
HbA1C, FPG,2h PPG for screening
PATIENT EDUCATION
- Lifestyle changes
- Increase physical
activity
- BP monitoring and
control
- Comprehensive eye
examination
- Immunization
Diabetes Mellitus: Concept Map by:
Dr. Bea Eunice Aspiras
Pre-res Bernardo Atienza III