DRUG ACTING ON EYE

It describes the Drug acting on eye

1. DRUG ACTING ON EYE Prepared by, Ms. KOTE R. B. Lecturer PRES’s Institute of Pharmacy Loni.

2. Mydriatics and Miosis

3. Mydriatics Mydriatics- Mydriasis is the effect which causes increase in the size of pupil of eye. The agents which causes mydriasis are called as mydriatics Mydriatics causes mydriasis due to contraction of the radial muscle fibres and relaxation of circular muscle fibre on Iris of eye due to sympathetic stimulation.

4. Cycloplegia Cycloplegia - Mydriatics causes mydriasis due to contraction of the radial muscle fibres and relaxation of circular muscle fibre on Iris of eye Because of mydriasis focal lengh is also increased which fixes the sight for far vision, i.e. a person can see the object which are far away but fails to the see the object which are to near. This is termed as cycloplegia.

5. Miotics Miotics – Miosis is the effect, which causes decrease in the size of pupil of eye. The agents which causes m iosis are called as m iotics Miotics causes miosis due to contraction of circular muscle fibres the and relaxation of radial muscle fibres on Iris of eye due to parasympathetic stimulation.

6. Spasm of Accommodation- Spasm of Accommodation- Miotics causes miosis due to contraction of circular muscle fibres the and relaxation of radial muscle fibres on Iris of eye due to parasympathetic stimulation. Because of miosis focal length of pupil also reduced ,a person can see the object which are near away but fails to the see the object which are to far away this is termed as Spasm of Accommodation or paralysis of accommodation.

7. Drug Acting on Eyeball Mydriatics &Cycloplegics – Parasympatholytics - Atropine, Homatropin, Cyclopentolate, Tropicamide, Scopalamine 2. Sympathomimetics- Adrenaline, Phenylephrine , Cocaine, Ephedrine Miotics &Agents causing spasm of Accomodaton – 1. Parasympathomimetics - Acetylcholine, Methacholine, Carbachol, Pilocarpine, Physostigmine . 2. Sympatholytics - Gaunethedine , Tolazoline , Dibenamine

8. DRUG USED IN GLAUCOMA Glaucoma is an occular disease characterized by elevated intraocular pressure which causes damage to optic nerve head producing visual loss. The damage to optic nerve head & visual loss is probably due to ischaemia and may be attributed to direct pressure on nerve. Main objective in management of glaucoma is to reduce the elevated intraoccular pressure ..

9. The Agents used in Glaucoma Miotics - These are parasympathomimetics ,. eg .. Pilocarpine, Carbachol, Physostigmine Adrenergic agents- Adrenaline & Pilocarpine mixture for open angle glaucoma. Beta- Adrenoreceptor Blocker- Timolol . Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors- Acetazolomiode , Dichlorphenamide. Osmotic Agents – Hypertonic solution of Glycerine, Mannitol .

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