Drug cholecalciferol

VITAMIN D, very important drug in most of the situation. content-introduction,brand and pharmacological name,available forms,dosage and routes, classification , mechanism of action,pharmacokinetics, indications,precautions, side effects,nursing responsibilities and patient education.

1. DRUG PRESENTATION Ms . Ritu Ahirwal

2. INTRODUCTION: Cholecalciferol , also known as vitamin D3 , is a type of vitamin D which is made by the skin when exposed to sunlight; it is also found in some foods and can be taken as a dietary supplement. It is used to treat and prevent vitamin D deficiency and associated diseases, including rickets.

3. B RAND NAME| GENERIC NAME:: Cholecalciferol PHARMACOLOGICAL NAME: Vitamin D A VAILABLE FORMS : This product is available in the following dosage forms. Tablet Capsule,LiquidFill Solution Tablet,Chewable Capsule Suspension

4. DOSAGE AND ROUTES:- 1.Vitamin D deficiency: Upto 1 year: 400 I/|day >1 year: 600 IU/day 2. Hypoparathyroidism : 50,000 - 200,000 units orally or IM once a day

5. DOSAGE AND ROUTES:- 3. Osteomalacia : 1000 - 5000 units orally or IM once a day

6. DOSAGE AND ROUTES:- 4. Vitamin D dependent rickets: Less then one month: 1000 IU/day for 2 to 3 months 1 to 12 months: 1000 - 5,000 IU/day for 2 to 3 months Greater than 12 months: 5,000 - 10,000 IU/day for 2 to 3 months orally or IM

7. DOSAGE AND ROUTES:- 7. Familial hypophosphatemia : 40,000 to 80,000 IU/day orally or IM. 8. Vitamin D deficiency: 4,000 IU/day for 12 weeks or 60,000 IU every week for 10 weeks

8. CLASSIFICATION: Vitamin supplement ( secosteroid ) MECHANISM OF ACTION : Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) is one of the five forms of vitamin D. It is a secosteroid . Its most dramatic effect is to facilitate intestinal absorption of calcium, although it also stimulates absorption of phosphate and magnesium ions.

9. PHARMACOKINETICS:- Absorption takes place in the GI tract. Metabolized in the liver and kidney. Cholecalciferol and its compounds are excreted primarily in the bile and feces. INDICATIONS Nutritional rickets Hypoparathyroidism Osteomalacia Vit . D dependent rickets Familial hypophosphatemia Vitamin D deficiency

10. CONTRAINDICATIONS Hypercalcemia Vitamin D toxicity Hypersensitivity Premature infants

11. PRECAUTIONS: This medication contains vitamin D. Do not take Calciferol , if you are allergic to vitamin D or any ingredients contained in this drug. Keep out of reach of children. In case of overdose, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center immediately. Do not give cholecalciferol to a child without medical advice. Store it at room temperature Avoid excess dosage

12. SIDE- EFFECTS/ADVERSE EFFECTS Metabolic system: Hypercalcemia Renal system: Hypercalciuria Dermatologic system: P ruritus , Rash, GI system: Nausea, vomiting CNS: Confusion, Headache Hypersensitivity: Angioedema , or laryngeal edema.

13. NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES : Assess patient for appearance of nausea, vomiting, anorexia, weakness, constipation, headache , bone pain, and metallic taste. Use with caution in renal impairment (strong caution), heart disease, kidney stones, arteriosclerosis. Obtain serum calcium twice weekly . Discontinue if patient becomes hypercalcemic . Restrict intake in infants with idiopathic hypercalcemia .

14. NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES : Maintain normal serum phosphorous concentrations in patients treated for hyperphosphatemia to prevent metastatic calcification. When treating hypoparathyroidism , concomitant treatment with intravenous calcium, parathyroid hormone, may also be required. In renal impairment, supplementation with ergocalciferol may be necessary; monitor closely. Monitor and report side effects like rash, nausea, vomiting,unexplained headache, confusion. Check weight at regular basis under standard conditions.

15. PATIENT EDUCATION Avoid OTC drugs during the cholecalciferol theraphy Report side effects like rash, vomiting, anorexia, headache, confusion. Vitamin D toxicity may last >2 months after therapy is discontinued. Avoid excess dosage.

16. REFERENCES : http:||www.medindia.net htt :||www.drugs.com http:||www.drugbank.ca.drug http:||www.tabketshablet.com