Drug idiosyncrasy and pharmacogenetics

Drug idiosyncrasy and pharmacogenetics

1. Drug Idiosyncrasy and Pharmacogenetics

2. Outline(Drug Idiosyncrasy):

3. Outline(Pharmacogenetics ):

4. Idiosyncrasy(Definition): Drug idiosyncrasy is a n abnormal individual response to a drug causing an effect quite different from that expected. Idiosyncracy is inherent in the person concerned and is usually due to a genetic anomaly. It may take the form of hypersensitivity so that the normal effect is produced by a dose which is a small fraction of the standard dose . In pharmacology, idiosyncrasy refers to an idiosyncratic reaction

5. Idiosyncratic drug reaction: Idiosyncratic drug reactions , also known as type B reactions , are drug reactions that occur rarely and unpredictably amongst the population. This is not to be mistaken with idiopathic, which implies that the cause is not known

6. Mechanism of i diosyncratic reaction:

7. Fig:Adverse drug reaction

8. Causes of Idiosyncrasy: Drug idiosyncrasy depends on Genetic type of individual person Dose of Individual drug

9. Idiosyncratic Behavior: Any behavior deemed by the ''average'' level norms and expectations of the world culture as odd, different, individualistic, idiosyncratic. Basically, anyone on either end of the entire spectrum of human intelligence usage levels, from ''crazies'', to ''geniuses'', and all the way back around to the beginning.

10. Fig:Idiosyncratic

11. Examples: An simple example of idiosyncrasy is someone being allergic to air. Many drugs precipitate idiosyncratic toxicities. As an example, antipsychotic drugs such as chlorpromazine and clozapine cause infrequent reactions such as rhabdomyolysis (breakdown of striated muscle) and liver toxicity.

12. Definition(Pharmacogenetics):

13. Pharmacogenetics is a noun which refers to the study of how genetic differences among individuals cause varied responses to a drug . Mainly it is the branch of pharmacology concerned with the effect of genetic factors on reactions to drugs.

14. Types of genetic variants:

15. How does genetic variation affect drug effect?

16. Pharmacogenetics Vs Pharmacogenomics:

17. Pharmacogenetics tests: Various types of pharmacogenetics tests are 1.HLA gene test a)ABACAVIR & HLAB*5701 b)ANTICONVULSANTS & HLAB*1502 c)CLOZAPINE & HLA-DQ 1*02101 2.Drug metabolism related gene test a)THIOPURINE & TPMT b)5-FLUOROURACIL (5-FU) & DPYD c)TAMOXIFEN & CYP2D6 d)IRINOTECAN & UGT1A1*28

18. 3.Drug target related gene test a) Trastuzumab & HER 2 b) DASATINIB , IMATINIB & BCR-ABL 1 4.Combined(metabolism and target) gene test a)WARFERIN & CYP2C9 + VKORC 1 GENOTYPING

19. Importance of Pharmacogenetics: Pharmacogenetics deals with the differences in effect of drugs caused by genetic variation. ... Genetic variation in metabolism may result in high concentrations of drugs and an increased risk of adverse effects in slow metabolizers, which is important when using for example antidepressants or chemotherapy.

20. Ineffectiveness of drugs for genetic criteria:

21. Goals of pharmacogenetics:

22. THANK YOU Presented By: Nosaibaton Morsheda Tohfa