Drugs used for respiratory system

This presentation deals with the various drugs used in respiratory system (bronchial asthma & cough)

1. Drugs used for respiratory system Dr. Karun Kumar JR-II Dept. of Pharmacology

2. Respiration physiology

3. Drugs for bronchial asthma Bronchodilators Selective β 2 agonists  Salbutamol, Terbutaline , Formoterol , Bambuterol & Salmeterol Nonselective sympathomimetics  Epinephrine, Ephedrine Methylxanthines  Theophylline, Aminophylline Anticholinergics  Ipratropium br., Tiotropium br.

4. 2. Corticosteroids Oral  Prednisone, Prednisolone , Methylprednisolone Parenteral  Methylprednisolone , Hydrocortisone Inhalational  Beclomethasone , Budesonide , Fluticasone 3. Leukotriene (LT) modulators Cysteinyl LT receptor antag .  Montelukast , Zafirlukast 5-Lipoxygenase inhibitor  Zileuton 4. Mast cell stabilizers  Sodium cromoglycate , Ketotifen 5. Monoclonal Anti- IgE antibody  Omalizumab 6. Miscellaneous  Nitric oxide donors

5. Leukotriene antagonists

6. Anti- IgE antibody

7. T/t of Status asthmaticus Hydrocortisone hemisuccinate 100 mg i.v. stat followed by 100-200 mg 4-8 hourly infusion Nebulized Salbutamol (2.5-5 mg) + Ipratropium bromide (0.5 mg) intermittent inhalations High flow humidified oxygen inhalation Salbutamol/ Terbutaline 0.4 mg i.m / s.c. Intubation & mechanical ventilation Chest infection t/t with intensive a.b . therapy Correction of dehydration & acidosis with saline + Sodium bicarbonate/lactate infusion

8. Drugs for cough 1.Antitussives Centrally acting  Codeine, Pholcodeine , Noscapine , Dextromethorphan , Pipazethate Central & peripherally acting  Benzonatate Peripherally acting  Prenoxdiazine Miscellaneous

9. i ) Antihistaminics  Chlorpheniramine , Diphenhydramine ii) Pharyngeal demulcents  Lozenges, Cough drop iii) Local anaesthetics  Xylocaine , Bupivacaine 2.Expectorants a) Mucokinetic e.  Na/K citrate, KI, Guaiphenesin , NH 4 Cl b) Mucolytic e.  Bromhexine , Ambroxol , Acetylcysteine 3. Adjuvant antitussives  Salbutamol , Terbutaline