dual-and-cycloconverter.APPLICATIONS Ppptx

Step Up cycloconverter − These types use natural commutation and give an output at higher frequency than that of the input.
Step Down cycloconverter − This type uses forced commutation and results in an output with a frequency lower than that of the input.

1. “DUAL CONVERTER & CYCLO CONVERTER” (POWER ELECTRONICS CONVERTER) PRESENTED BY - SUJITH K

2. CONTENTS Introduction Block Diagram Principle of operation Mode of operation Four quadrant operation Ideal Dual Converter Types of Dual converter Applications of dual converter

3. INTRODUCTION It is an electronic converter or circuit which comprises of two converters. One will perform as rectifier and the other will perform as inverter. Therefore, we can say that double processes will occur at a moment. Here, two full converters are arranged in anti-parallel pattern and linked to the same dc load.

4. BASIC BLOCK DIAGRAM

5. Principle Of Operation A.C input given to converter 1 for rectification. In this process positive cycle of input is given to first set of forward biased thyristors which gives a rectified D.C on positive cycle, as well negative cycle is given to set of reverse biased thyristors which gives a D.C on negative cycle completing full wave rectified output can be given to load.

6. Modes of Operation of Dual Converter There are two functional modes: 1. Non-circulating current mode. 2. Circulating mode.

7. Non Circulating Current Mode One converter will perform at a time. So there is no circulating current between the converters. During the converter 1 operation, firing angle (α 1 ) will be 0<α 1 < 90 o ; V dc  and I dc  are positive. During the converter 2 operation, firing angle (α 2 ) will be 0<α 2 < 90 o ; V dc  and I dc  are negative.

8. Circulating Current Mode Two converters will be in the ON condition at the same time. So circulating current is present. The firing angles are adjusted such that firing angle of converter 1 (α 1 ) + firing angle of converter 2 (α 2 ) = 180 o . Converter 1 performs as a controlled rectifier when firing angle be 0<α 1 < 90 o  and Converter 2 performs as an inverter when the firing angle be 90 o <α 2 < 180 o . In this condition, V dc  and I dc  are positive .

9. FOUR QUADRANT OPERATION

10. Ideal Dual Converter The term ‘ideal’ refers to the ripple free output voltage. For the purpose of unidirectional flow of DC current, two diodes (D 1 and D 2 ) are incorporated between the converters. However, the direction of current can be in any way. The average output voltage of the converter 1 is V 01  and converter 2 is V 02 . To make the output voltage of the two converters in same polarity and magnitude, the firing angles of the thyristors have to be controlled.

11. Block Diagram for ideal dual converter

12. Average output voltage of Single-phase converter =  Average output voltage of Three-phase converter =  For converter 1, the average output voltage, For converter 2, the average output voltage, Output voltage,

13. Types of Dual Converters They are of two types:  1. Single-phase dual converter. 2. Three-phase dual converter.

14. Single Phase Dual Converter

15. Three Phase Dual Converter

16. Application of Dual Converter Direction and Speed control of DC motors. Applicable wherever the reversible DC is required. Industrial variable speed DC drives.

17. Cyclo Converter

18. Content Introduction to Cyclo-Converters Working Principle Types of Cycloconverters Applications of Cycloconverter

19. Introduction to Cyclo -Converters Device that converts AC power of certain frequency to AC power of another frequency (usually lower frequency). Also called as frequency changer.

20. Cyclo -converters are constructed using naturally commutated thyristors with capability of bidirectional power flow. The principle of the cyclo -converter is described below by using single-phase to single-phase cyclo -converter. Control circuit implementation is not simple because large number of SCRs, typically 4 or 8 SCRs for single phase and 36 for three- phase supply. For such controller, a microcontroller or microprocessor or DSP is used to trigger SCRs.

21. Working Principle

22. Types of Cycloconverters Mainly there are two types according to the mode of operation which are showing below Blocking mode Cycloconverters Circulating current Cycloconverters

23. 1. Blocking Mode Cycloconverters During the negative load current, the negative converter will provide the necessary voltage and at that time, the negative converter will be in the blocked condition. This type of operation is known as blocking mode operation and the converters which use this method of operation are termed as blocking mode  cycloconverters . No need of intergroup reactors because only one converter is working at a time. Cost and size is low.

24. 2. Circuiting Current Cycloconverter Mainly there are two types according to the output frequency which are showing below Step-up cycloconverters Step-down cycloconverters

25. Step-up Cycloconverters It provide output having the frequency greater than the input frequency by using line commutation.

26. Step-down Cycloconverters Provides output having lower frequency than the input frequency by using forced commutation. These types of converters are further classified into following: 1) Single-phase to single-phase cyclo -converters 2)Three-phase to single-phase cyclo -converters 3)Three-phase to three-phase cyclo -converter

27. Single phase to Single phase Cycloconverters Principles of Cycloconverters can be explained by using single phase to single phase cycloconverter .

28. Three-Phase to Single-Phase Cycloconverters Converter can operates in four quadrants (+V, +I, -V, -I) in two modes (inverting and rectifying). 

29. Three Phase to Three Phase Cycloconverters Mainly used in machine drive systems running three-phase synchronous and induction machines.

30. Applications of Cycloconverter Cement mill drives. Rolling mills. Ship propulsion drivers. Water pumps. Washing machines Mine winders. Industries.