Ducts & glands of male reproductive system PART 2

Ducts & Glands of male reproductive system PART2

1. DUCTS & GLANDS OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Ms.Anu Sebastian: B.Pharm ; M.Pharm Assistant Professor, Dept. Of Pharmacology Nirmala College Of Pharmacy Muvattupuzha,Ernakulam,Kerala

2. DUCTS EPIDIDYMIS DUCTUS DEFERENS/VAS DEFERENS EJACULATORY DUCTS URETHRA EPIDIDYMIS It is a comma –shaped organ of 4cm length (highly coiled, on straightening 6m) Location: Posterior border of testes It has 3 divisions: Head:connected to the testes receiving immature sperm Body: Narrow mid-portion Tail: Smaller, inferior portion. It is continous with ductus deferens.

3. Histology Inner: Pseudostratified ciliated columar epithelium & it contains stereocilia (increase surface area) Outer : Many layers of smooth muscle fibres . Functions: Maturation of sperm(10-14 days) Sperm becomes motile after maturation Deliver sperm to ductus deferens by peristalsis Storage of sperm upto 1 month

4. DUCTUS DEFERENS/VAS DEFERENS It begins at the tail of epididymis . Less convoluted with more diameter ;45cm length. Begins at tail of epidydimis –ascend along posterior border of epidydimis – enter inguinal canal –enter pelvic cavity –loops over ureter –posterior surface of urinary bladder. Terminal portion is known as ampulla

5. Histology Inner layer is made up of Pseudosratified ciliated columnar epithelium. Outer layer consist of three coats of smooth muscle. Functions storage of sperm upto several months. Convey sperm from epididymis to urethra EJACULATORY DUCTS It is having 2cm length It is formed by the fusion of seminal vesicle & ampulla of Ductus deferens. It begins superior to prostate then moves inferior & anterior & terminate at prostate urethra.

6. Functions Transport of sperm Deliver sperm to penile urethra just before ejaculation. URETHRA It is the terminal duct of male reproductive system(20cm long). It is having three parts: Prostate urethra: Pass through prostate gland. Membraneous urethra: Pass through perinium & urogenital diaphragm. Spongy /Penile Urethra: Pass throgh Corpus spongiosum of the penis. It terminates at the external urethral orifice.

7. ACCESSORY SEX GLANDS The accessory sex glands secrete semen. It includes : Seminal vesicle,P rostate gland & Bulbourethral gland SEMINAL VESICLE Paired & convoluted pouch like structures.; 5cm length Location: Posterior to base of urinary bladder & anterior to rectum. Secretion: The viscous, alkaline fluid that constitute 60% of semen. It contains :- Fructose, Prostaglandins & clotting Proteins.

8. Fructose: Utilized for ATP production in sperm Prostaglandins: Helps in sperm motility & viability. Clotting Proteins: Help semen to coagulate after ejaculation. Alkaline pH : Neutralize acidic pH in male urethra & female reproductive tract, PROSTATE GLAND Single,doughnut shaped gland. 3cm length,4cm width & 2 cm thickness. Location: inferior to urinary bladder & surrounds prostate urethra.

9. Secretion Milky ,slightly acidic fluid (pH-6.5) It constitute 25% of total volume of semen; helps in sperm motility & viability. It contains citric acid.Proteolytic enzymes, Acid phosphatase . Citric acid: Used in sperm for ATP production by TCA cycle. Proteolytic enzymes: Includes prostate specific antigen pepsinogen,lysozyme,amylase & hyaluronidase . It break down the clotting proteins from seminal vesicle. The secretion enters into prostatic urethra.

10. BULBOURETHRAL GLAND/COWPERS GLAND Paired glands with the size of pea. Location: Inferior to prostate & on either sides of membraneous urethra. Secretion : Alkaline fluid with mucous & galacose Galactose : ATP production Alkalinity: Neutralizes acid from urine Mucous : Lubricates the end of penis & lining of urethra. The secretions of Bulbourethral gland drains spongy urethra.

11. THANK YOU