Ecbolics

ecbolic

1. ECBOLICS AVINASH BVN 13007

2. ECBOLICS O xytocics , U terotonics, M yometrial stimulants.

3. WHAT IS MEAN BY ECBOLICS? Ecbolics are drugs which stimulate the contraction of uterus and helps in the expulsion of its contents. When used to induce labor , these agents are called oxytocic or ecbolic agents. When used to induce abortion , they are called abortifacients

4. MAIN USES Postpartum haemorrhage To hasten uterine involution To remove retained placenta To aid in clearance of uterine discharge For agalactia due to failure of milk let down in all species Used only if cervix is not fully dilated.

5. CLASSIFICATION Ecbolics can be broadly classified into following three groups 1. Posterior pituitary hormones and analogues O xytocin , pituitary extract and carbotocin 2. Ergot alkaloids E rgometrine ( E rgonovine ) M ethylergometrine

6. Cont… 3. Prostaglandin and A nalogues P rostaglandin E2 , P rostaglandin F2α M isoprostol and C loprostenol

7. OXYTOCIN OXYTOCIN EFFECT Octapeptide hormone Relased in response to signals from the genital tract and mammary gland to the hypothalamus. Uterine contraction Milk ejection Facilitates the transport of sperm in the female reproductive tract

8. USES Induce labor Reverse uterine inertia Treat agalactia through stimulation of milk ejection but its efficacy is low Retained placenta:30-50 units IM Repeat breeder :5-10 units IM Milk letdown : 5-10 units IM

9. PREPARATIONS Pitocin :5 IU / 0.5 ml amp Syntocin on : 5 IU / 1m amp Rapid onset of action and a short half life Following IM administration , the uterus responds generally within 3-5 mins and after IV administration the response is immediate

10. CARB E TOCIN Synthetic analogue of oxytocin which has a much longer halflife than oxytocin Similar to oxytocin , it stimulates contraction of estrogen sensitive myometrium and may be useful in dystocia due to secondary uterine inertia

11. ERGOT ALKALOIDS ERGOMETRINE ( ERGONOVINE ) It c auses prolonged contraction of smooth muscle including the myometrium and blood vessels USES Induction of uterine involution Postpartum haemorrhage Expulsion of placenta

12. Cont… DOSE Administered orally in dogs ( 0.2 mg ) IM to mares ( 1 – 3 mg ) PO or IM in cow ( 10 – 20 mg ) A DVERSE EFFECT Overdoses cause CNS excitation , muscle weakness , vomiting in dogs , hypertension , hypogalactia through PIR

13. METHYL ERGOMETRINE S ynthetic analogue of E rgometrine 1.5 times more potent than ergometrine on uterus but lacks vasoconstriction

14. PROSTAGLANDINS ANALOG Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2 α ). Misoprostol . Cloprostenol .

15. PROSTAGLANDINS ( PGF2α) CAUSES Functional and morphological regression of CL Strong vasoconstriction Diminished blood supply Luteolysis Large reduction of progesterone synthesis Strong oxytocic effect in mares

16. Cont… It is found in ovary and myometrium and important role in oestrus cycle , C onception P regnancy and parturition. Potent uterine stimulants

17. PREPARATIONS NATURAL ANALOG Lutalyse Dinoprost tromethamine : 5mg/ml, 10ml, 30mlvial SYNTHETIC ANALOG Estrumate cloprostenol : 263 μg/ml . 4 ml vial.

18. Cont… Vetma t e ( vet care ) C loprostenol : 263 μg / ml. 2ml vial. Pregma ( intas ) C loprostenol : 263 μg / ml. 2ml vial. DOSE cattle : 0.5 mg

19. INDICATIONS Induction of ovulation Synchronization of estrus Termination of pregnancy Induction of parturition Persistent CL Mummified fetus Pyometra

20. Cont…. Luteal cyst Embryo transfer

21. CONTRAINDICATIONS It s hould not be used during pregnancy , unless termination is required In bronchoconstrictive respiratory disease (e.g asthma)

22. OTHERS GLUCOCORTICOIDS Increase PGF2α synthesis in the endometrium Mostly used are :- Dexamethasone ( 20 mg IM ) may induce parturition within 48 hrs Also when used with dinoprost ( 30 mg IM ) occurs within 2- 3 hrs

23. DOPAMINERGIC AGONISTS ACTION Inhibit prolactin secretion by activation of D2receptors resulting in luteolysis. CABERGOLINE induce estrus treat pseudopregnancy (5g / kg ) orally, once daily for 5 – 10 days

24. COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE ARE

25. REFERENCE BOOK HANDBOOK OF VETERINARY PHAMACOLOGY by WALTER H. HSU ESSENTIALS OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS by HARPAL SINGH SANDHU

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