Ecology and sustainability presentation.pptx

ecology an sustainability ib cambridge biology environmental systems

1. "Ecology is the study of how organisms interact with each other and with their physical environment." "Ecology is the study of the structure and function of nature." - Eugene P. Odum

2. Sustainability "Sustainability is about creating and maintaining the conditions under which humans and nature can exist in productive harmony, that permit fulfilling the social, economic and other requirements of present and future generations." - International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Activity 1: Research two more concepts of sustainability and ecology , you must write the bibliographic refference .

3. Activity 2: Write four questions problematizing in relationship with ecology and sustainability : Think in problems or topics related with what you experienced in your vacations . Think in the topics , activities , bussiness and/ or arts that interest you and formulate questions related with ecology and sustainability . What environmental conditions help cacomixtle’s surviving in the centre of Mexico City?  What are the environmental consequences of real state development and how can we quantify/meassure them? There can be any regulation for the private flights? What are the environmental consequences of Taylor Swifts  private flights?

4. 1.Explain Green growth in your own words and what is driving it according to the text . It is driven environmental scarcity and degradation , also a continuation of the idea of sustaibable development that states that economic growth must improve its ecological quality . 2. What is environmental risk according to the text ? Provinde one example The environmental scarcity and degradation are producing environmental conditions that endangers the economic growth , these are the environmental risk , the consequences of the economic process on the environment that endangers the economic process . 3.Explain the relationship between sustainable development and economic growth . It is and strategy or idea in order to mantain capitlist hegemony and economic growth regarding the critiques and negative consequences of current economic model , a passive revolution used to sabe capitalist hegemony . The main idea is that it shouldn’t be a contrdiction between environment and economic growth , so ecnomy must establish Green ways to produce

5. 4.Explain the concept ”techno economic hegemony ” in your own words but based on autor based information . Techno-Economic Hegemony This concept describes the dominance of capitalist logic through green economy narratives, which legitimize neoliberal capitalism by asserting that technological innovation and market mechanisms can harmonize growth with environmental goals. It perpetuates the belief that economic and ecological sustainability can coexist without challenging capitalist structures. 5. What are the myths or grounded belifs of Green economy . Myths of Green Economy The text identifies two myths: Myth 1 : No trade-off exists between economic growth and environmental sustainability (no hay contraposición) no conflict between ideas. However, the text critiques this idea as an illusion that masks systemic contradictions. The reality is that economic growth, even under a "green" model, relies on intensive natural resource and energy use, clashing with planetary ecological limits. Furthermore, the notion that "natural capital" (e.g., forests, water, biodiversity) can be substituted with human-made or technological capital ignores its irreplaceable nature (e.g., no substitute for clean water). Thus, the myth serves to uphold neoliberal capitalist hegemony by avoiding critiques of its reliance on infinite growth on a finite planet. Myth 2 : Green growth is primarily a concern for developed nations. These are grounded in faith that technology, natural capital pricing, and market tools alone can achieve sustainability, eradicating poverty without systemic change.

6. 7. Explain the contradiction between economic growth and ecological limits ( quote ) “Natural capital has replaced human-made capital as the limiting factor.” Economic growth conflicts with ecological limits because resource consumption exceeds planetary boundaries, yet green growth assumes decoupling is feasible without addressing systemic overconsumptionDaly (1996: 78). 8. Explain the contradiction in the North-South relationship about economic growth and sustainability . The North-South divide centers on resource allocation: rich nations must reduce resource use to “free up ecological space” for poorer countries (Daly 2002). However, green growth discourse perpetuates Northern dominance by prioritizing neoliberal growth models, sidelining equitable global resource distribution.

7. 9. Why environmental sustainability requires long term desitions and why short term desitions are taken ? Environmental sustainability requires long-term strategies to preserve ecosystems. However, short-term political cycles (e.g., elections) and economic priorities (profits, competitiveness) dominate, undermining ecological goals. For example, green policies often prioritize market competitiveness over genuine sustainability. 10. Why does the text states that growth is a continuation of the belief in ‘world without end’ ? The text critiques green growth as perpetuating the myth of limitless growth, echoing Pearce and Warford’s (1993) “world without end.” This belief assumes growth can solve all problems, ignoring ecological limits and treating nature merely as “natural capital” for exploitation, rather than recognizing intrinsic environmental value.

8. https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/45184991/Passive_revolution-libre.pdf?1461899321=&response- content - disposition =inline%3B+filename%3DThe_New_Passive_Revolution_of_the_Green.pdf&Expires=1737439532&Signature=Hm4L6cP0oaOz9WWUHvtwXt8990e6ln7TizfqgCazOsfRAh2G3B-Kin-0gBXi9u8ePxZd71SII~0Gh-7Tb-7Xwbrq-MqsgssRbdbX5ru30HEIGAxrnu0TrH6Z4qAO9nRlQatNIpqmvTy28GjpIuUWPI-wnlDg2DV7CSSpA58GXtFYJO9vQAvkg5l7fm3F3Xhw7dC76~11SWxGQ9U4ist~B~lMEiEGqUHtyXAiWtiUJFkI0gR~GoIk5Lwx7eqokFArMxBrGRHDX~CIHInYFXPWjGqpsP2lAf0X6otYr7V9Kw0QjR8~i1plbfbv1l48aHNBDhRt~hGiyjBwf9XYKvUlkQ__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA

9. 4.The political and economic dependency of the peripheric or global south countries , región and commmunities on the capitalist production , control and comercialization of the technology and communications , both as services and as products , and most importantly means of production

10. 5. That technological innovation, adequate pricing of ‘natural capital’ and a combination of market-based and policy instruments can achieve single-handedly economic and ecological sustainability and in the process eradicate global poverty and national and international inequalities . 6. a condition of non-declining economic welfare projected indefinitely into the future’. In the dominant neoliberal economic approach to the environment, which is enthusiastically reproduced by environmental economists, the decline in natural capital can be substituted through other forms of capital. The problem here is, as Daly (1996: 78) has argued, that natural capital has replaced human-made capital as the limiting factor or capital of production, and that many forms of natural capital cannot be substituted by other forms of capital. . 7. The reality is of increasing not decreasing demands on the planet’s resources and ecosystems, with increasing global demands for energy and clean water – that is declining ‘natural capital’ as a source for economic production and development. It is clear that the goods and services provided by ‘natural capital’ are ‘in decline due to poor resource management decisions, growing human populations and increased per capita consumption’ (UN and ADB 2012: xiii).17 Thus there is a clear contradiction between sustainable economic growth and the need to respect ecological limits.

11. 8. and for poor countries to achieve poverty eradication and sustainable development the crucial question is ‘which action should rich countries take ... to restrict their own growth in throughput [of natural resources] to free up carrying capacity and ecological space for poor countries to use?’ But the green economy/growth discourse perpetuates the dominance of neoliberal economic thinking and the belief in sustainable economic growth which overall benefits the North and sustains current capitalist hegemony.