EEG & EMG new.pptx

This ppt is all about the
ECG and EMG ,
their differences,
requirements, the procedure,
uses, types of lobes in ecg,
application,
advantages

1. EEG & EMG

2. INTRODUCTION EEG stands for Electroencephalography. It is a device that analyze and records the electrical activity of brain. During an EEG test , small electrodes like cup or disc type are placed on the scalp.They pick up the brain’s Eletrical signals and send them to a machine called Electroencephalogram.It records the signals as wavy lines on to a computer screen or paper in order of microvolt. EEG waves frequency range = 0.1 to 100 amplitude = 2 to 200 micro volt.

3. REQUIREMENTS: EEG (8/16 channels),Silver cup electrodes/metallic bridge electrodes,Electrode jelly,Rubber cap, dark comfortable room,Skin pencil & measuring tape. PROCEDURE: A standard non – invasive EEG takes about 1 hour. The patient will be positioned on a padded bed or table , or in comfortable chair. • To measure the electrical activity in various part of the brain , a nurse or EEG technician will attach 16 to 20 electrodes to the scalp. • The brain generates electrical impulses that these electrodes will pick up. Then a temporary glue will be used to attach them to the skin , no gain will be involved.

4. TYPES OF LOBES Frontal lobes: Emotional & motor control. Parietal lobes: Sensory purpose (pain , touch, pressure). Temporal lobes: Auditory system (hear & sound). Occipital lobes: Visual purpose (see & eye).

5. WHY EEG IS USED? Where there is a need to diagnose & manage epilepsy. Used to investigate other conditions such as head injuries , brain tumours , dementia , hemorrhage. Determine the level of brain function in people who are in a coma. Identify areas of the brain that are not working properly.

6. ADVANTAGES: Non - invasive & harmless Lower costs Portable High temporal resolution DISADVANTAGES: High noise ratio Not very exact measuring Skull weakness the electrical activity Low spatial resolution

7. APPLICATIONS Epilepsy Brain death testing • Various brain cancer Sleep disorders (insomnia) , nacrolepsy , (uncontrollable sleep). Sleep paralysis (inability to move during full consiousness ). Chronic hypersomnia (excessive sleep or sleepiness).

8. EMG Electromyography (EMG) is a technique for evaluating and recording the electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles. EMG is performed using an instrument called an electromyograph to produce a record called an electromyogram. An electromyograph detects the electric potential generated by muscle cells. when these cells are electrically or neurologically activated. The signals can be analyzed to detect abnormalities, activation level, or recruitment order, or to analyze the biomechanics of human or animal movement. 

9. Needle EMG is an electrodiagnostic medicine technique commonly used by neurologists. Surface EMG is a non-medical procedure used to assess muscle activation by several professionals, including physiotherapists, kinesiologists and biomedical engineers. In Computer Science, EMG is also used as middleware in gesture recognition towards allowing the input of physical action to a computer as a form of human-computer interaction.

10. USES OF ELECTROMYOGRAPHY Detect disorders of the motor units and can indicate the site of the underlying lesion (anterior horn cell,spinal root,plexus,peripheral nerve). Recognition of neuromuscular disorders. Provide a guide for prognosis.

11. Advantages of emg EMG auditory equipment is relatively inexpensive. Allows targeting of botulinum toxin within the muscle. Identify the presence of unwanted muscle activity during passive and active movement. Identify muscle that is most spastic when dividing dosing.